7 research outputs found

    Trastorno de atención en las escuelas públicas de una localidad de Bogotá: percepción de los maestros

    Get PDF
    Antecedentes: el trastorno por déficit de atención se diagnostica cada vez con mayor frecuencia en nuestro medio. Los únicos datos de prevalencia que se tienen en el país proceden de Antioquia pero se desconoce la frecuencia en otras regiones del país. Objetivo: evaluar la percepción de los maestros de escuelas de una localidad de Bogotá sobre la presencia del trastorno de atención en sus alumnos. Material y métodos: se realizaron conferencias magistrales sobre la evolución de la atención durante el desarrollo, las alteraciones que se presentan y se engloban en el término trastorno por déficit de atención y discusiones de grupo. Al finalizar se aplicó una encuesta de seis puntos desarrollados en formato de preguntas abiertas que estaban relacionadas con el número total de niños, la distribución por género y las características de la atención de aquellos que tenían a cargo. Resultados. 58 maestros de 10 escuelas percibieron que 612 (31%) alumnos de preescolar y primaria tenían problemas de atención. La distribución por grados mostró un pico importante en el tercer grado. No hubo diferencias significativa en cuanto al género pero si respecto a la preferencia manual. Conclusión. Los datos recogidos demuestran una importante percepción de dificultades de atención en los niños que invita a una reflexión en relación a medidas de tipo pedagógico y de modulación de la conducta, así como a una búsqueda de tipo estadístico y etiológico formal

    Teachers perception of attention deficit disorder in some public schools from Bogota

    No full text
    Antecedentes: el trastorno por déficit de atención se diagnostica cada vez con mayor frecuencia en nuestro medio. Los únicos datos de prevalencia que se tienen en el país proceden de Antioquia pero se desconoce la frecuencia en otras regiones del país. Objetivo: evaluar la percepción de los maestros de escuelas de una localidad de Bogotá sobre la presencia del trastorno de atención en sus alumnos. Material y métodos: se realizaron conferencias magistrales sobre la evolución de la atención durante el desarrollo, las alteraciones que se presentan y se engloban en el término trastorno por déficit de atención y discusiones de grupo. Al finalizar se aplicó una encuesta de seis puntos desarrollados en formato de preguntas abiertas que estaban relacionadas con el número total de niños, la distribución por género y las características de la atención de aquellos que tenían a cargo. Resultados. 58 maestros de 10 escuelas percibieron que 612 (31%) alumnos de preescolar y primaria tenían problemas de atención. La distribución por grados mostró un pico importante en el tercer grado. No hubo diferencias significativa en cuanto al género pero si respecto a la preferencia manual. Conclusión. Los datos recogidos demuestran una importante percepción de dificultades de atención en los niños que invita a una reflexión en relación a medidas de tipo pedagógico y de modulación de la conducta, así como a una búsqueda de tipo estadístico y etiológico formal.Background: the frequency of diagnosis of attention deficit disorder is increasing in our environment. The only available prevalence data in Colombia is from Antioquia and, the prevalence of the disorder is unknown in the rest of the country. Objective: to evaluate the perception of teachers of some schools from Bogota. The teachers reported the number of children considered with attention disorders after attending a workshop on this issue. Materials and methods: a conference of attention development, alterations and issues about attention deficit disorder was given. In the end of this conference, a survey of six topics was applied to the teachers. This survey asks about number of children, sex and other considerations. Results. 58 teachers from 10 schools perceived that 612 (31%) primary school students of a total of 1980 had attention problems. Distribution by grades showed an important increase in third grade.There were no gender significant differences but being left handed had a significant relation with Attention deficit disorder. Conclusion. The data collected show an important perception of attention problems in children underlining the need for pedagogical and modulation of conduct measures, as that of performing a formal statistical and etiological search

    Teachers perception of attention deficit disorder in some public schools from Bogota

    No full text
    Antecedentes: el trastorno por déficit de atención se diagnostica cada vez con mayor frecuencia en nuestro medio. Los únicos datos de prevalencia que se tienen en el país proceden de Antioquia pero se desconoce la frecuencia en otras regiones del país. Objetivo: evaluar la percepción de los maestros de escuelas de una localidad de Bogotá sobre la presencia del trastorno de atención en sus alumnos. Material y métodos: se realizaron conferencias magistrales sobre la evolución de la atención durante el desarrollo, las alteraciones que se presentan y se engloban en el término trastorno por déficit de atención y discusiones de grupo. Al finalizar se aplicó una encuesta de seis puntos desarrollados en formato de preguntas abiertas que estaban relacionadas con el número total de niños, la distribución por género y las características de la atención de aquellos que tenían a cargo. Resultados. 58 maestros de 10 escuelas percibieron que 612 (31%) alumnos de preescolar y primaria tenían problemas de atención. La distribución por grados mostró un pico importante en el tercer grado. No hubo diferencias significativa en cuanto al género pero si respecto a la preferencia manual. Conclusión. Los datos recogidos demuestran una importante percepción de dificultades de atención en los niños que invita a una reflexión en relación a medidas de tipo pedagógico y de modulación de la conducta, así como a una búsqueda de tipo estadístico y etiológico formal.Background: the frequency of diagnosis of attention deficit disorder is increasing in our environment. The only available prevalence data in Colombia is from Antioquia and, the prevalence of the disorder is unknown in the rest of the country. Objective: to evaluate the perception of teachers of some schools from Bogota. The teachers reported the number of children considered with attention disorders after attending a workshop on this issue. Materials and methods: a conference of attention development, alterations and issues about attention deficit disorder was given. In the end of this conference, a survey of six topics was applied to the teachers. This survey asks about number of children, sex and other considerations. Results. 58 teachers from 10 schools perceived that 612 (31%) primary school students of a total of 1980 had attention problems. Distribution by grades showed an important increase in third grade.There were no gender significant differences but being left handed had a significant relation with Attention deficit disorder. Conclusion. The data collected show an important perception of attention problems in children underlining the need for pedagogical and modulation of conduct measures, as that of performing a formal statistical and etiological search

    Inverse association between dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus infection and indicators of household air pollution in Santa Rosa, Guatemala: A case-control study, 2011-2018.

    No full text
    BackgroundDengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses are increasingly important public health problems. Burning vegetation, leaves, and other plant products have been shown to be effective mosquito repellents for their vector, Aedes spp., but there has been scant research on whether firewood cooking smoke in households influences mosquito populations or mosquito-borne diseases. About 2.9 billion people worldwide use biomass fuel for household cooking and heating, resulting in an estimated 1.6 million deaths annually from household air pollution (HAP)-related diseases. Global health agencies now encourage households to transition from biomass to clean fuels, but it is unclear whether such interventions may actually increase risk for mosquito-borne diseases. This retrospective case-control study evaluated associations between arboviral infections and cooking with firewood in Santa Rosa, Guatemala.MethodVigilancia Integrada Comunitaria (VICo) was a prospective public health surveillance system for bacterial, parasitic, and viral causes of diarrheal, neurological, respiratory, and febrile illnesses in hospitals and clinics in the department of Santa Rosa, Guatemala. Enrolled VICo in-patients and out-patients during 2011-2018 were interviewed using standardized questionnaires on demographics and household characteristics. Blood and stool specimens were collected and tested to identify the etiologies presenting symptoms. Cases were defined as laboratory-positive for dengue, chikungunya, or Zika virus infections. Controls were laboratory-positive for bacterial and viral diarrheal illnesses (e.g., Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, or astrovirus). Cooking with firewood, kitchen location, stove type, and firewood cooking frequency were the independent exposure variables. Logistic regression models were used to analyze unadjusted and adjusted associations between arboviral infections and exposures of interest.ResultThere were 311 arboviral cases and 1,239 diarrheal controls. Arboviral infections were inversely associated with cooking with firewood in the main house (AOR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08-0.57), cooking with firewood on an open hearth (AOR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.33-0.78), and cooking with firewood ≥5 times per week (AOR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.36-0.81), adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status index, number of people per household, community population density, community elevation, recruitment location, season, and admission year.ConclusionSeveral primary determinants of HAP exposure were inversely associated with arboviral infections. Additional studies are needed to understand whether interventions to reduce HAP might actually increase risk for mosquito-borne infectious diseases, which would warrant improved education and mosquito control efforts in conjunction with fuel interventions

    Seroprevalence of high incidence congenital infections among pregnant women in Coatepeque, Guatemala and surrounding areas, 2017-2018.

    No full text
    Maternal infections during pregnancy can potentially cause birth defects and severe adverse effects in infants. From 2017 to 2018, we investigated the seroprevalence of five antibodies among 436 mother-infant pairs enrolled in a pregnancy cohort study in Coatepeque, Guatemala. Upon enrollment (< 20 weeks gestational age) and shortly after delivery, we measured the prevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), rubella, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in mothers and newborns and used rapid tests to detect HIV and syphilis (Treponema pallidum) in mothers. The mean cohort age was 24.5 years. Maternal T. gondii IgM and IgG seropositivity was 1.9% and 69.7%, respectively. No women were positive for HIV, syphilis, or rubella IgM. Maternal rubella IgG seropositivity was 80.8% and significantly increased with age. Maternal CMV IgM and IgG seropositivity were 2.3% and 99.5%, respectively. Of the 323 women tested at both timepoints, IgM reactivation occurred in one woman for T. gondii infection and in eight for CMV. No newborn was seropositive for CMV IgM or rubella IgM. One newborn was seropositive for T. gondii IgM. Congenital T. gondii and CMV infections are important public health issues for pregnant women, newborns, and healthcare providers in Coatepeque and Guatemala
    corecore