Relative growth of carcass tissues of goat kids from five breed Types finished on pasture or feedlot

he aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cross breeding, finishing system, and gender on the relative growth of carcass tissues of dairy kids. Seventy eight kids (39 male and 39 female) from five breed types were used: Alpine; ½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA); ½ Nubian + ½ Alpine (½ ANA); ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA); and ½ Nubian + ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpine (TC). Kids were distributed into two finishing systems: in pasture with doe (FS1) and weaned in feedlot (FS2). Kids were slaughtered at a mean age of 128.4 ± 7.9 days and mean live weight of 22.07 kg. The mean weight of half carcasses was 5.09 kg. To determine allometric growth, we used the exponential equation Y= aXb. In the half carcass, muscle tissue showed comparatively early growth in group ½ BA, whereas fat tissue of animals in FS1 had relatively late growth. Females exhibited early growth of muscle tissue, while in males this tissue was intermediate. The ½ BA first-cross improved carcass characteristics by enhancing the growth of muscle tissue

Área de fibra muscular, colágeno e perfil de ácidos graxos da carne caprina

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito do grupo racial (GR), peso de abate (PA) e gênero (G) na área de fibra muscular, porcentagem de colágeno e perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de cabritos. Foram utilizados 74 animais dos seguintes GR: Alpino (A), ½ Boer + ½ Alpino (½ BA), ½ Anglo Nubiano + ½ Alpino (½ ANA), ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpino (¾ BA) e Tricross (TC- ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpino + ½ Anglo Nubiano), dos quais um animal de cada tratamento, gênero e grupo racial foi selecionado para avaliação do perfil de ácidos graxos. Os animais iniciaram o experimento aos 28 dias, sendo desmamados aos 60 dias de idade. Um terço dos animais foi abatido ao atingir 25, 30 e 35 kg. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado e o teste de Tukey (P<0,05) foi utilizado para comparação das médias. Não houve diferença para a área de fibra muscular e porcentagem de colágeno para os parâmetros utilizados, indicando similaridade na textura da carne dos animais utilizados. O gênero influenciou os ácidos graxos C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C20:3n3, C20:5n3 e -3; o GR influenciou os teores de C18:2n6c, C20:0, C24:1 e CLA cis. O PA individualmente não interferiu no perfil de ácidos graxos, porém a interação G x PA influenciou os teores de C18:0, AGPI e a relação AGPI/AGS, sendo que os machos com maior peso apresentaram uma carne nutricionalmente mais desejávelThe present study aimed to evaluate the effect of racial group (RG), slaughter weight (SW) and gender (G) on the muscle fiber area, percentage of collagen and fatty acid profile in kid meat. Seventy four animals of the following racial groups were used: Alpine (A), ½ Boer + ½ Alpine (½ BA), ½ Nubian + ½ Alpine (½ ANA), ¾ Boer + ¼ Alpine (¾ BA) and Tricross (TC- ¼ Boer + ¼ Alpine + ¼ Nubian). One animal from SW, G and RG were selected for evaluation of fatty acid profile. When the experiment started the animals were 28 days old and were weaned at 60 days old. One third of the animals was slaughtered when reaching 25, 30 and 35 kg. The experimental design was totally randomized and the Tukey test (P<0,05) was used to compare the means. There was no difference for muscle fiber area and percentage of collagen among the parameters used, indicating similarity in texture of the meat from the animals used. The gender influenced the fatty acids C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C20:3n3, C20:5n3 and -3; the RG influenced the levels of C18:2n6c, C20:0, C24:1 and CLA cis. The SW did not affect the fatty acid profile, but the interaction G x SW influenced the levels of C18:0, UFA and the PUFA/SFA ratio. Male and heavier animals produced the best meat in terms of nutritionConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Yield, composition, and fatty acid profile of milk from Anglo Nubian goats fed a diet supplemented with vegetable oils

We aimed to evaluate the inclusion of three sources of vegetable oil in the diet of lactating goats on production in 120 days of lactation and the effect of these sources and lactation stage on fortnightly composition and fatty acid profile of goat milk at 20, 50, 80, and 110 days of lactation. A completely randomized design was adopted and 32 Anglo Nubian goats were used, distributed in four treatments: control diet and diets with inclusion of 30 g/kg of dry matter of diet of canola, sunflower, or soybean oil. The dairy production was 182.75 kg, and there was no difference for treatments. Among the constituents, only urea nitrogen was influenced by treatment and presented lower content for control treatment. Day of lactation had an effect on lactose. Defatted dry extract and somatic cell count had a quadratic effect with minimum values around 100 and 33 days of lactation, respectively. The content of urea nitrogen, also with a quadratic effect, was higher at 93 days of lactation. For protein, there was an interaction between treatments and period and, at the end of lactation, its content was increased. The inclusion of vegetable oils promoted reduction in total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increased the total content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and conjugated linoleic acid. The proportions MUFA:SFA and PUFA:SFA, the atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indexes, and the relation hypocholesterolemic fatty acids:hypercholesterolemic fatty acids improved with oil addition in animal diets. The addition of vegetable oil to diets for lactating goats improve the fatty acid profile with no impairment on milk production and composition, and the milk from early stages of lactation has better nutritional quality of the lipid fractio

Características de carcaça de caprinos de cinco grupos raciais criados em confinamento Carcass traits of characteristics of kid goats from five breed groups raised in a feedlot system

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a influência do grupo racial e da condição sexual nas características da carcaça de caprinos jovens criados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 91 animais, 52 machos e 39 fêmeas, pertencentes a cinco grupos raciais: Alpino, ½Boer + ½Alpino, ½Anglo Nubiano + ½Alpino, ¾Boer + ¼Alpino, e ½Anglo Nubiano + ¼Boer + ¼Alpino. Foi tomado o peso ao jejum, no dia do abate, após 24 horas de jejum de sólidos. Foram tomadas medidas biométricas e de carcaça, objetiva e subjetivamente. O grupo racial influenciou a altura de cernelha, o comprimento interno e externo da carcaça e o comprimento de perna, que foram maiores nos animais Alpinos, bem como a largura do peito, o escore corporal, os índices de compacidade da carcaça e da perna e a cobertura de gordura da carcaça, que foram melhores nos animais com grau de sangue Boer. Animais machos tiveram maior altura de cernelha, medidas da estérnebra com ultrassom, comprimento interno da carcaça, comprimento de perna, profundidade dos tecidos na altura da 3ª e 4ª estérnebras tomadas na carcaça. Nas demais características corporais avaliadas, não foram encontradas diferenças entre grupos raciais e sexo dos animais. O cruzamento do grupo Boer com Alpino reduz o comprimento das carcaças e aumenta a cobertura de gordura e a quantidade de tecidos depositados, mas não influencia o desempenho do animal.<br>This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating the influence of breed groups and sexual conditional on carcass traits of young goats raised in feedlot. It was used 91 animals, 52 males and 39 females, belonging to five breed groups: Alpine, ½Boer + ½Alpine, ½Nubian + ½Alpine, ¾Boer + ¼Alpine and ½ Anglo-Nubian + ¼Boer + ¼Alpine. On the slaughter day, the shrunk weight was measured after 24 hours of solid fasting. Biometric and carcass measures were objectively and subjectively taken. Racial group influenced withers, internal and external carcass length, and leg length, which were greater for Alpine animals, as well as chest width, body condition score, carcass and leg compactness index and fat thickness on carcass, which were better in animals with Boer blood degree. Male animals showed greater withers, measures of sternebrae by ultrasound, internal carcass length, leg length, tissue depth height between 3rd and 4th sternebrae measured on carcass. On the other body evaluated characteristics, it was not found any differences among breed groups and sex of the animals. Crossing Boer with Alpine reduces carcass length, and increases fat thickness and deposited tissue, however, it does not change animal performance