Escore de comportamento materno de ovelhas para estimar a sobrevivência e o desempenho de cordeiros durante a lactação

Mortality of perinatal lambs and low weight at weaning cause huge liabilities to farmers. Current study describes maternal-filial behavior and evaluates the use of maternal behavior score (MBS) to estimate the behavior of ewes and lambs soon after birth, and correlate it with lamb mortality and performance during lactation. Thirty-seven Corriedale ewes were used in a completely randomized design. MBS was assessed up to 24 hours after birth, taking into consideration the distance of the ewe from the lamb at the approach of a person. Maternal behavior, placental weight, weight gain of the lambs until weaning and their survival rate were also evaluated until two hours after lambing. More than 90% of the ewes had adequate maternal behavior, with parental care, even though ewes were very sensitive to the presence of people. There was no significant correlation between MBS and maternal behavior, lamb mortality rate and live weight gain. Under these conditions, MBS was not a useful tool to estimate maternal behavior and performance of lambs.A mortalidade de cordeiros perinatal e o baixo peso ao desmame trazem enormes perdas para os ovinocultores. Este trabalho objetivou descrever o comportamento materno-filial e avaliar o uso do Escore do Comportamento Materno-Filial (ECM) como ferramenta para estimar o comportamento de ovelhas e cordeiros logo após o parto, e correlacionar com a sobrevivência e o desempenho dos cordeiros durante a lactação. Avaliaram-se 37 ovelhas da raça Corriedale em um delineamento completamente casualizado. Até 24h após o parto, avaliou-se o ECM, que considera a distância da ovelha em relação ao cordeiro no momento da aproximação de um avaliador, o comportamento materno até 2h após o parto, o peso de placenta, e o ganho de peso e sobrevivência dos cordeiros até o desmame. Mais de 90% das ovelhas apresentaram comportamento materno adequado, cuidando de suas crias, mas essas ovelhas foram muito reativas na presença do observador. Não houve correlação significativa entre o ECM e o comportamento materno ao parto, a taxa de mortalidade dos cordeiros após o parto e ao desmame, e seu ganho de peso até o desmame. Nessas condições, o ECM não mostrou ser uma ferramenta útil para estimar o comportamento materno e o desempenho de cordeiros

Nutritional screening in inpatients

Em hospitais, o objetivo de um procedimento de triagem nutricional é identificar indivíduos desnutridos ou em risco de desnutrição, possibilitando intervenção nutricional precoce e melhor alocação de recursos. Diferentes métodos são apresentados na literatura para esta finalidade: Malnutrition Screening Tool, Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, Nutritional Risk Index, Nutrition Risk Score, Nutritional Risk Screening, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Nutritional Screening Tool, Nutritional Screening Equation. No entanto, o emprego de muitos destes instrumentos está limitado pela inadequada metodologia empregada na derivação e/ou validação, pela seleção de grupos específicos de pacientes, pela pouca praticidade ou por necessidade de um especialista para seu emprego. Na ausência de um padrão de referência para emitir o diagnóstico nutricional, desfechos clínicos relevantes devem balizar a derivação e a validação de novos instrumentos. Este trabalho descreve os instrumentos de triagem nutricional acima referidos e apresenta considerações quanto ao seu emprego para adultos hospitalizados não selecionados.In hospitals, the aim of a nutritional screening procedure is to identify malnourished individuals or those at risk of malnutrition, allowing early nutritional intervention and better allocation of resources. Different methods are presented in the literature for this purpose: Malnutrition Screening Tool, Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, Nutritional Risk Index, Nutrition Risk Score, Nutritional Risk Screening, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Nutritional Screening Tool, Nutritional Screening Equation. However, the use of many of these instruments is limited by inadequate methodology employed in their derivation and / or validation, by selecting specific groups of patients, by their limited feasibility or by requiring an expert to apply it. In the absence of a reference standard to deliver the nutritional diagnosis, relevant clinical outcomes must delimitate the derivation and validation of new instruments. This paper describes the above mentioned nutritional screening instruments and presents considerations regarding their use in non-selected adult inpatients

Nutritional screening in inpatients

Em hospitais, o objetivo de um procedimento de triagem nutricional é identificar indivíduos desnutridos ou em risco de desnutrição, possibilitando intervenção nutricional precoce e melhor alocação de recursos. Diferentes métodos são apresentados na literatura para esta finalidade: Malnutrition Screening Tool, Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, Nutritional Risk Index, Nutrition Risk Score, Nutritional Risk Screening, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Nutritional Screening Tool, Nutritional Screening Equation. No entanto, o emprego de muitos destes instrumentos está limitado pela inadequada metodologia empregada na derivação e/ou validação, pela seleção de grupos específicos de pacientes, pela pouca praticidade ou por necessidade de um especialista para seu emprego. Na ausência de um padrão de referência para emitir o diagnóstico nutricional, desfechos clínicos relevantes devem balizar a derivação e a validação de novos instrumentos. Este trabalho descreve os instrumentos de triagem nutricional acima referidos e apresenta considerações quanto ao seu emprego para adultos hospitalizados não selecionados.In hospitals, the aim of a nutritional screening procedure is to identify malnourished individuals or those at risk of malnutrition, allowing early nutritional intervention and better allocation of resources. Different methods are presented in the literature for this purpose: Malnutrition Screening Tool, Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, Nutritional Risk Index, Nutrition Risk Score, Nutritional Risk Screening, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Nutritional Screening Tool, Nutritional Screening Equation. However, the use of many of these instruments is limited by inadequate methodology employed in their derivation and / or validation, by selecting specific groups of patients, by their limited feasibility or by requiring an expert to apply it. In the absence of a reference standard to deliver the nutritional diagnosis, relevant clinical outcomes must delimitate the derivation and validation of new instruments. This paper describes the above mentioned nutritional screening instruments and presents considerations regarding their use in non-selected adult inpatients

Ewe maternal behavior score to estimate lamb survival and performance during lactation

ABSTRACT Mortality of perinatal lambs and low weight at weaning cause huge liabilities to farmers. Current study describes maternal-filial behavior and evaluates the use of maternal behavior score (MBS) to estimate the behavior of ewes and lambs soon after birth, and correlate it with lamb mortality and performance during lactation. Thirty-seven Corriedale ewes were used in a completely randomized design. MBS was assessed up to 24 hours after birth, taking into consideration the distance of the ewe from the lamb at the approach of a person. Maternal behavior, placental weight, weight gain of the lambs until weaning and their survival rate were also evaluated until two hours after lambing. More than 90% of the ewes had adequate maternal behavior, with parental care, even though ewes were very sensitive to the presence of people. There was no significant correlation between MBS and maternal behavior, lamb mortality rate and live weight gain. Under these conditions, MBS was not a useful tool to estimate maternal behavior and performance of lambs