Assessment in Québec of a french ecopathologic tool designed to investigate postweaning digestive disorders in piglets

Cette étude avait pour objectif de déterminer l’applicabilité au Québec d’un outil écopathologique français d’investigation des troubles digestifs après le sevrage en élevage porcin intensif. Cet outil détermine le niveau des troubles cliniques et le niveau du risque circonstanciel associé à partir de 13 variables. Il a été appliqué dans 60 élevages québécois choisis au hasard. Pour chacun, la valeur des 13 variables a été mesurée, parfois avec difficulté et les niveaux des troubles et du risque déterminés. Cette présentation discute des problèmes pratiques et méthodologiques liés à l’utilisation de l’outil. 11 y a quatre niveaux de mesure tous analysés sur le même plan. De plus, l’outil s’applique de façon statique sur des phénomènes dynamiques. Enfin, la similitude entre l’élevage d’application et les élevages bretons qui ont servi à l’élaboration de l’outil n’a pas été rencontrée. Les distributions de 10 des 13 variables sont significativement différentes entre l’échantillon d’élevages québécois et l’échantillon d’élevages bretons. Comme cette simi litude est nécessaire pour appliquer l’outil, celui-ci n’est donc pas utilisable au Québec.This study was designed to assess whether an ecopathologic tool made for the investigation of postweaning digestive disorders in piglets could be used in Québec intensive herds. This French tool allows to determine from 13 variables evaluated on the farm the level of the clinical problems and the level of specific risk factors. The tool was applied in 60 pig randomly selected herds in Québec. For each farm, the 13 variables were measured and the clinical problems and risk levels were determined. Practical and methodolo gical problems are discussed. Some variables are difficult to measure. There are four units of observation all considered as only one. The tool is applied in a sta way upon dynamic processes. Moreover, the conditions for its use described by the designers were not met. The distributions of 10 out 13 variables from the Québec data set were significantly different from the French one from which the tool was developed. It was concluded that the echopathological tool cannot be used in Québec

Occurrence and Risk Factors of Dog Bites in Northern Indigenous Communities: A Scoping Review

The relationship between northern Indigenous people and dogs has evolved over the past years alongside events such as colonization, settlement, proliferation of snowmobiling and other socio-cultural and environmental changes. These changes have had negative impacts on this relationship, and with the endemic presence of arctic fox rabies, dog bites have become an important public health burden. The objective of this study was to synthesize the state of knowledge regarding the occurrence of dog bites and associated risk factors in the specific context of northern Indigenous communities. A scoping review was conducted in seven bibliographic databases, from June 2018 to May 2020. From this search, 257 original studies were identified and eight papers were included for final analysis. Annual occurrence of dog bites in northern Indigenous communities ranged from 0.61 to 59.6/10,000 inhabitants. Dog bites affected 27–62.9% of the population in those regions during their lifetime. Very few studies compared the occurrence of dog bites between people living in northern communities with other populations or settings, but available evidence suggests that Indigenous people living in northern communities are at higher risk of dog bites than the rest of the population. Several individual and environmental risk factors were identified in the selected studies, although the strength of evidence varied significantly. Age (children) and gender (male) were well documented individual risk factors. Other factors, such as organizational barriers to dog management and lack of access to veterinary services, were identified and discussed by several authors. The results of this study support concerns about the higher risk of bites in northern Indigenous communities, and underscore the urgent need for more research into the contextual and environmental factors that impact the mitigation of these risks

Barriers and opportunities for improving dog bite prevention and dog management practices in northern Indigenous communities

Globally, people living in northern Indigenous communities are at higher risk of dog bites than the rest of the population living in North America, with annual incidence ranging from 0.61 to 59.6/10,000 inhabitants. Considering that rabies is endemic in wild canid populations in certain regions of the Arctic, the prevention of dog bites and the management of dog populations are of crucial importance for public health in these contexts. Most northern communities lack access to veterinary services, mainly due to their remote geographical location and to limited financial resources. Currently, northern Indigenous communities are using different approaches and strategies to prevent dog bites and manage dog populations, but the effectiveness of these approaches sometimes lacks evidence, and their low acceptability may affect their implementation. This study aims to describe (1) the current access and uses of veterinary services, and (2) the perceived barriers and opportunities related to dog population management practices currently implemented, or that could be implemented, in a Naskapi community and an Innu community located in northern Quebec (Canada). Quantitative data were collected through a survey to inhabitants on veterinary services (n = 122). Qualitative data were collected using individual interviews to inhabitants and health professionals to describe how dog population management measures were perceived, and to identify barriers and opportunities related to their implementation (n = 37). Descriptive and inferential analysis (quantitative data) and thematic analysis (qualitative data) were performed. Results show that the two main measures implemented at the time of the study – dog culling and short-duration veterinary clinics – were not perceived as fully acceptable and sustainable. Reinforcing access to veterinary services and other dog-related services, such as shelters and training programs on dogs, was identified as a need to improve dog bites prevention and dog population management in remote Indigenous communities. The implementation of animal health measures should be decided by concerned Indigenous communities to follow decolonial practices. It includes ensuring informed consent of dog owners, improving communication before, during and after interventions, separating veterinary services from rehoming and, most importantly giving back to Indigenous communities the complete leadership over animal health in their communities

Octavo y último concierto a cargo de la Société des concerts du conservatoire de Paris

Concierto en re menor para cuerda y bajo continuo / Vivaldi ; Sinfonia Italiana / Mendelhsson ; Sinfonia fantastica / Berlioz ; Sinfonia para orquesta de cuerda y trompeta / Honegger ; La Valse / RavelDirector: André CluytensEmpresa: José F. ArquerDe cada obra s'ha digitalitzat un programa sencer. De la resta s'han digitalitzat les parts que són diferents

Design and selection of optimal ErbB-targeting bispecific antibodies in pancreatic cancer

The ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases is a primary target for small molecules and antibodies for pancreatic cancer treatment. Nonetheless, the current treatments for this tumor are not optimal due to lack of efficacy, resistance, or toxicity. Here, using the novel BiXAb™ tetravalent format platform, we generated bispecific antibodies against EGFR, HER2, or HER3 by considering rational epitope combinations. We then screened these bispecific antibodies and compared them with the parental single antibodies and antibody pair combinations. The screen readouts included measuring binding to the cognate receptors (mono and bispecificity), intracellular phosphorylation signaling, cell proliferation, apoptosis and receptor expression, and also immune system engagement assays (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity). Among the 30 BiXAbs™ tested, we selected 3Patri-1Cetu-Fc, 3Patri-1Matu-Fc and 3Patri-2Trastu-Fc as lead candidates. The in vivo testing of these three highly efficient bispecific antibodies against EGFR and HER2 or HER3 in pre-clinical mouse models of pancreatic cancer showed deep antibody penetration in these dense tumors and robust tumor growth reduction. Application of such semi-rational/semi-empirical approach, which includes various immunological assays to compare pre-selected antibodies and their combinations with bispecific antibodies, represents the first attempt to identify potent bispecific antibodies against ErbB family members in pancreatic cancer

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory, the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array: Joint Contribution to the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2015)

We have conducted three searches for correlations between ultra-high energy cosmic rays detected by the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory, and high-energy neutrino candidate events from IceCube. Two cross-correlation analyses with UHECRs are done: one with 39 cascades from the IceCube `high-energy starting events' sample and the other with 16 high-energy `track events'. The angular separation between the arrival directions of neutrinos and UHECRs is scanned over. The same events are also used in a separate search using a maximum likelihood approach, after the neutrino arrival directions are stacked. To estimate the significance we assume UHECR magnetic deflections to be inversely proportional to their energy, with values $3^\circ$, $6^\circ$ and $9^\circ$ at 100 EeV to allow for the uncertainties on the magnetic field strength and UHECR charge. A similar analysis is performed on stacked UHECR arrival directions and the IceCube sample of through-going muon track events which were optimized for neutrino point-source searches.Comment: one proceeding, the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 30 July - 6 August 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands; will appear in PoS(ICRC2015