Influência da domperidona na reprodução masculina: uma revisão bibliográfica / Influence of domperidone in male reproduction: a bibliographic review

Atualmente problemas como a subfertilidade e a infertilidade tem afetado casais em cerca de 50% e 16,7%, respectivamente. Desses, a maior parte está associado à infertilidade masculina, o qual abrange cerca de 8% dos homens. Objetivou-se realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a influência da domperidona na reprodução masculina. Para o estudo buscou-se referenciais relacionados ao tema abordado nas bases de dados do Google Acadêmico, Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs e Bireme, sendo selecionados trabalhos no período de 1996 a 2020. A domperidona é um medicamento procinético bloqueador da dopamina D2 comumente utilizado para tratar distúrbios da motilidade gastrointestinal. Estudos mostraram que esse medicamento pode causar disfunções na reprodução masculina, pois seu uso causa aumento excessivo nos níveis de prolactina (PRL), observado em 50% dos casos. A PRL modula os receptores FSH e LH nas células de Sértoli e Leydig, e está envolvido na meiose de células germinativas, regulando várias funções dos testículos. O aumento nos níveis de PRL interrompe a secreção pulsátil do hormônio liberador de gonadotrofina, inibe a liberação de LH, FSH, e reduz diretamente a esteroidogênese gonadal, causando efeitos expressivos na espermatogênese, assim como afeitos clínicos como hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico adquirido e até infertilidade. Diante do exposto, pode-se considerar que a domperidona é um possível indutor a disfunções reprodutivas no homem, devido ao seu potencial de causar desregulação no hormônio que regula as gônadas masculinas.

Morphological analysis of teeth in Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825 (Mammalia, Bradypodidae)

Among the sloth species, we may highlight the Bradypus variegatus, found especially in northeastern Brazil. Given the importance and scarcity of information about the digestive tract of wild animals, this article aims to describe dental morphology in this sloth species. To do this, four adult specimens, belonging to the anatomy collection of the Academic Center in Vitória de Santo Antão of the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), were used. The sloth teeth were analyzed, removed from the arch, and they underwent two techniques for hard tissue histological preparation, wear, and decalcification. The blades obtained were analyzed using optical microscopes. Sloths have 18 molariform teeth, with cusps and interdental spaces. According to histological analysis, it was noticed that teeth have no enamel, they consist of 1 thick layer of cementum and 2 layers of dentin, one outside and another inside. The pulp looks like that of human beings. The presence of a thick and vascularized periodontal ligament was also noticed between the tooth and the alveolar bone, the latter with easily identified osteons

<b>Study on the development of frontal sinuses by morphometric analysis of the skull</b> - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v35i2.13334

The frontal sinuses are cranial areas of clinical, forensic and pathology importance whose development mechanisms are still poorly defined. Nasal airflow and brain development are two of the main theories. Current analysis debates whether they are the real determinants of frontal sinuses growth, which may be proved by the skull’s morphometric analysis. Four groups of measures related to the external cranial architecture, the pyriform aperture, orbital cavities and frontal sinuses were defined. Thirty-three skulls of individuals, mean age 68 years, from the Laboratory of Anatomy of the Academic Centre of Victoria – UFPE – Brazil, were used. Statistical analysis showed total agenesis of the frontal sinus in 18.2% of the skulls. There was significant correlation between the development of the right frontal sinus and the pyriform aperture, and between the left frontal sinus and two cranial measurements (p ≤ 0.05). Significant differences between mean of pyriform aperture areas of the skulls with or without sinuses were also reported (p ≤ 0.01). Results supported the fact that there was a modulation activity by nasal aeration and brain formation in the development of frontal sinuses

Morphological analysis of teeth in Bradypus variegates Schinz, 1825 (Mammalia, Bradypodidae)

Among the sloth species, we may highlight the Bradypus variegatus, found especially in northeastern Brazil. Given the importance and scarcity of information about the digestive tract of wild animals, this article aims to describe dental morphology in this sloth species. To do this, four adult specimens, belonging to the anatomy collection of the Academic Center in Vitória de Santo Antão of the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), were used. The sloth teeth were analyzed, removed from the arch, and they underwent two techniques for hard tissue histological preparation, wear, and decalcification. The blades obtained were analyzed using optical microscopes. Sloths have 18 molariform teeth, with cusps and interdental spaces. According to histological analysis, it was noticed that teeth have no enamel, they consist of 1 thick layer of cementum and 2 layers of dentin, one outside and another inside. The pulp looks like that of human beings. The presence of a thick and vascularized periodontal ligament was also noticed between the tooth and the alveolar bone, the latter with easily identified osteons