POSITIONAL ACCURACY OF AEROPHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEY IN THE PANTANAL DERIVED FROM UAV

The objective of this work was to analyze the geometric distortions of aerial photographs mosaic derived from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) generated with data from a GPS navigation engaged in remotely piloted aircraft in relation to the field collected control points with an RTK . The imaging was performed on August 9, 2014, at UFMS research base in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul, with a fixed-wing aircraft and electric propulsion motor. The flight was conducted at an altitude of 150 m, planned in such a way to obtain pixels with about 4 cm spatial resolution. To check the accuracy of the mosaic were collected control points from a GNSS HIPER receiver. To ease the location of points on aerial photographs were made markings on the ground. Mosaic without control point presented displacement ranging from 6.30 m to 8,83m. Previously the tiles with 1, 2 and 3 control points had low errors, given the legislation for the georeferencing of rural properties. Products generated from controls points have high planialtimetric accuracy and are likely to use in jobs that require high positional accuracy, such as expertise services, registration and georeferencing of rural properties, crops analysis and flora and fauna quantification

Geographic Information system and classification of land use capacity applied in land use intensity analysis in Ji-Parana river basin (Rondônia - Brazil)

Nas últimas três décadas, a bacia hidrográfica do rio Ji-Paraná, localizada no Estado de Rondônia, vem apresentando um cenário com altas taxas de desmatamento e intensificação do uso e manejo da terra, resultante dos projetos de colonização agrícola efetuados pelo Governo Federal. Nesse processo, as atividades agrícolas têm sido estabelecidas em ritmo muito acelerado e muitas vezes as características físicas da área são ignoradas como, por exemplo, o solo e a declividade do terreno, ocasionando o uso inadequado da terra e, consequentemente, a degradação dos recursos naturais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo geral identificar as relações entre o uso da terra e as características físicas da bacia do rio Ji-Paraná, tendo como foco a análise do uso sustentável do solo. Utilizou-se o sistema de classificação da capacidade de uso da terra com a entrada de dados referentes às características físicas e químicas dos solos e de declividade do terreno na bacia sob estudo e de quatro sub-regiões inseridas na mesma. Mapas de uso da terra foram utilizados, originados da classificação de imagens LANDSAT 7 ETM+ e CBERS-2, assim como outros mapas temáticos necessários para caracterização dos aspectos físicos. Além desses, mapas de distribuição espacial da capacidade de troca de cátions dos solos foram elaborados, através da interpolação de pontos de fertilidade do solo, os quais foram obtidos de levantamentos pedológicos realizados para o estado de Rondônia. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi empregado o Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG). Os principais programas utilizados para a conversão, edição, processamento e exposição dos planos de informação, bem como para o processamento de imagens, foram o SPRING 4.0, ERDAS 8.7 e ArcGIS 9.0. Para a análise geoestatística foi utilizado o programa GS+5.0. Os resultados indicam a predominância de baixos valores da capacidade de troca de cátions efetiva dos solos da bacia. Este fato é corroborado com a expressiva ocorrência de limitações ao uso da terra relacionadas à fertilidade do solo, conforme resultados gerados da classificação da capacidade de uso da terra. A análise integrada das classes de capacidade de uso com as classes de uso da terra permitiu realizar o diagnóstico de intensidade de uso das terras da bacia do rio Ji-Paraná e das sub-regiões. Os resultados mostram que as terras das áreas sob estudo estão, em sua maioria, sendo utilizadas abaixo da capacidade de suporte, ou seja, subutilizadas. Por outro lado, interferências da ação antrópica foram identificadas em áreas de preservação permanente, configurando cenário de uso inadequado, com maior ocorrência na região central da bacia.In the last three decades, the Ji-Paraná river basin, located in the Rondônia State - Brazil experienced high deforestation rates and an intensification of the land use and management, as a result of the colonization projects from the Federal Government. Agricultural activities have been established rapidly, sometimes ignoring the physical characteristics of the land causing degradation of the natural resources. The objective of this research was to identify the relationships between land use and the physical characteristics of the Ji-Paraná river basin, focusing in the natural resources sustentability. The land use capacity classification system was used. Data about physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and land slope of the entire basin and four detailed sub-areas were used. Along with land use maps and other thematic maps necessary for the characterization of the physical aspects and the land use intensity. In addition, spatial distribution map of soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) were elaborated, through the interpolation of soil fertility sample points, obtained from soil maps of Rondônia state. The programs SPRING 4.0, ERDAS 8.7 and ArcGIS 9 were used for conversion, edition, processing and exhibition of thematic maps and image processing. The program GS+5.0 was used for the geostatistical analisys. Results indicate the prevalence of low CEC values in the basin. This fact is corroborated with the expressive occurrence of land use limitations due to low soil fertility, according to results obtained in the land use capacity classification. The integrated analysis of the land use capacity map with the current land use resulted in the evaluation of land use intensity of the Ji-Paraná river basin and sub-areas. Results show that the land of the study area, in its majority, are being used below the support capacity, i.e., sub-used. On the other hand, interferences of the antropic action were identified in areas of preservation, configuring scenery of inadequate use, with larger occurrence in the central area of the basin

Variabilidade espaço-temporal do uso e cobertura do solo e a qualidade da água em duas microbacias hidrográficas do Estado de São Paulo

This study has two objectives. The first objective is to evaluate the land use changes in the Piracicamirim and Cabras watersheds during a 33 year-old period. The second is to identify the relationship between physical, biotic and anthropic aspects of the drainage basins and the water quality in the channel. Aerial photographs for the years 1962 and 1995 (scale 1:25,000)were used for obtaining thematic maps. During period considered, it was verified that in the Piracicamirim catchment there occurred a growth three times the urban area and of twice of the forest area. In the Cabras catchment the inverse occured, with a growth of two-times the urban area and three times the forest area. In a preliminary analysis it was observed that the medium values of the chemical composition of the Piracicamirim catchment were larger than those of Cabras catchment. Using these maps and various biogeochemical parameters obtained from the streams, it will be possible to constitute a digital database that will increase the understanding of the key processes that occur in these streams.Pages: 543-54

O uso de geotecnologias para capacitar discentes e servidores municipais da região sul de Mato Grosso em Cadastro Territorial Multifinalitário

Some historical movements as Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution were crucial for urban development. In this context, there were overcrowded cities, poor sanitation and health. The multipurpose cadastre becomes indispensable for proper preparation of territorial planning. The register is very important to data connection economic, social, environmental, legal, physical and environmental parcels in the urban or rural area. The multipurpose cadastre becomes indispensable for proper preparation of territorial planning. The register is very important to data connection of economic, social, environmental, legal, physical and environmental parcels in the urban or rural area. The completion of the registration also involves monitoring the government's plans, with constant updating of a database, the municipality is not subject to a geographical disorder. With the challenge to qualify and train managers of municipalities the Ministry of Cities in 2003 created the National Training Program for Cities. In 2009, the institution Guidelines for Creation, Institution and Master Update Multipurpose Territorial (CTM) in Brazilian Municipalities happens. This work presents data from the routine implementation of training program on territorial multipurpose cadastre of students and municipal employees in southern state of Mato Grosso held at the Federal University of Mato Grosso in Rondonopolis - Mato Grosso in 2012. With the use of geotechnology administrative bodies, being public or private, can get more details regarding the municipality facilitating their management in various departments.Pages: 1099-110

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2007

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq