6 research outputs found
Management of high and intermediate-high risk pulmonary embolism: A position paper of the Interventional Cardiology Working Group of the Italian Society of Cardiology
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially life-threatening condition that remains a major global health concern. Noteworthy, patients with high- and intermediate-high-risk PE pose unique challenges because they often display clinical and hemodynamic instability, thus requiring rapid intervention to mitigate the risk of clinical deterioration and death. Importantly, recovery from PE is associated with long-term complications such as recurrences, bleeding with oral anticoagulant treatment, pulmonary hypertension, and psychological distress. Several novel strategies to improve risk factor characterization and management of patients with PE have recently been introduced. Accordingly, this position paper of the Working Group of Interventional Cardiology of the Italian Society of Cardiology deals with the landscape of high- and intermediate-high risk PE, with a focus on bridging the gap between the evolving standards of care and the current clinical practice. Specifically, the growing importance of catheter-directed therapies as part of the therapeutic armamentarium is highlighted. These interventions have been shown to be effective strategies in unstable patients since they offer, as compared with thrombolysis, faster and more effective restoration of hemodynamic stability with a consistent reduction in the risk of bleeding. Evolving standards of care underscore the need for continuous re-assessment of patient risk stratification. To this end, a multidisciplinary approach is paramount in refining selection criteria to deliver the most effective treatment to patients with unstable hemodynamics. In conclusion, the current management of unstable patients with PE should prioritize tailored treatment in a patient-oriented approach in which transcatheter therapies play a central role
Exploring the level of agreement among different drug-drug interaction checkers: a comparative study on direct oral anticoagulants
Background: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may be involved in drug-drug interactions (DDIs) potentially increasing the risk of adverse drug reactions. This study aimed to evaluate the level of agreement among interaction checkers (ICs) and DOACs' summary of product characteristics (SPCs), in listing DDIs and in attributing DDIs' severity. Research design and methods: The level of agreement among five ICs (i.e. INTERCheck WEB, Micromedex, Lexicomp, Epocrates, and drugs.com) in identifying potential DDIs and in attributing severity categories was evaluated using Gwet's AC1 on all five ICs and by comparing groups of 4- and 2-pair sets of ICs. Results: A total of 486 potentially interacting drugs with dabigatran, 556 for apixaban, 444 for edoxaban, and 561 for rivaroxaban were reported. The level of agreement among the ICs in identifying potential DDIs was poor (range: 0.12-0.16). Similarly, it was low in 4 and 2-sets analyses. The level of agreement among the ICs in classifying the severity of potential DDIs was poor (range: 0.32-0.34), also in 4 and 2-sets analyses. Conclusions: The heterogeneity among different ICs and SPCs underscores the need to standardize DDIs datasets and to conduct real-world studies to generate evidence regarding the frequency and clinical relevance of potential DOACs-related DDIs
Antithrombotic Therapy Optimization in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
The antithrombotic management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) poses numerous challenges. Triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT), which combines dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with oral anticoagulation (OAC), provides anti-ischemic protection but increases the risk of bleeding. Therefore, TAT is generally limited to a short phase (1 week) after PCI, followed by aspirin withdrawal and continuation of 6-12 months of dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT), comprising OAC plus clopidogrel, followed by OAC alone. This pharmacological approach has been shown to mitigate bleeding risk while preserving adequate anti-ischemic efficacy. However, the decision-making process remains complex in elderly patients and those with co-morbidities, significantly influencing ischemic and bleeding risk. In this review, we discuss the available evidence in this area from randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses for post-procedural antithrombotic therapies in patients with non-valvular AF undergoing PCI
Management of high and intermediate-high risk pulmonary embolism: A position paper of the Interventional Cardiology Working Group of the Italian Society of Cardiology
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a potentially life-threatening condition that remains a major global health concern. Noteworthy, patients with high- and intermediate-high-risk PE pose unique challenges because they often display clinical and hemodynamic instability, thus requiring rapid intervention to mitigate the risk of clinical deterioration and death. Importantly, recovery from PE is associated with long-term complications such as recurrences, bleeding with oral anticoagulant treatment, pulmonary hypertension, and psychological distress. Several novel strategies to improve risk factor characterization and management of patients with PE have recently been introduced. Accordingly, this position paper of the Working Group of Interventional Cardiology of the Italian Society of Cardiology deals with the landscape of high- and intermediate-high risk PE, with a focus on bridging the gap between the evolving standards of care and the current clinical practice. Specifically, the growing importance of catheter-directed therapies as part of the therapeutic armamentarium is highlighted. These interventions have been shown to be effective strategies in unstable patients since they offer, as compared with thrombolysis, faster and more effective restoration of hemodynamic stability with a consistent reduction in the risk of bleeding. Evolving standards of care underscore the need for continuous re-assessment of patient risk stratification. To this end, a multidisciplinary approach is paramount in refining selection criteria to deliver the most effective treatment to patients with unstable hemodynamics. In conclusion, the current management of unstable patients with PE should prioritize tailored treatment in a patient-oriented approach in which transcatheter therapies play a central role
Complete vs Culprit-Only Revascularization in Older Patients With Myocardial Infarction and High Bleeding Risk: A Randomized Clinical Trial
IMPORTANCE Patients with high bleeding risk (HBR) have a poor prognosis, and it is not
known if theymay benefit from complete revascularization aftermyocardial infarction (MI).
OBJECTIVE To investigate the benefit of physiology-guided complete revascularization vs
a culprit-only strategy in patients with HBR, MI, and multivessel disease.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Thiswas a prespecified analysis of the Functional
Assessment in Elderly MI Patients With Multivessel Disease (FIRE) randomized clinical trial
data. FIRE was an investigator-initiated, open-label, multicenter trial. Patients 75 years or
older with MI and multivessel disease were enrolled at 34 European centers from July 2019
through October 2021. Physiology treatment was performed either by angiography- or
wire-based assessment. Patients were divided into HBR or non-HBR categories in accordance
with the Academic Research Consortium HBR document.
INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to either physiology-guided complete
revascularization or culprit-only strategy.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome comprised a composite of death,
MI, stroke, or revascularization at 1 year. Secondary outcomes included a composite of
cardiovascular death or MI and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) types 3 to 5.
RESULTS Among 1445 patients (mean [SD] age, 81 [5] years; 917 male [63%]), 1025 (71%) met
HBR criteria. Patients with HBR were at higher risk for the primary end point (hazard ratio
[HR], 2.01; 95%CI, 1.47-2.76), cardiovascular death or MI (HR, 1.89; 95%CI, 1.26-2.83), and
BARC types 3 to 5 (HR, 3.28; 95%CI, 1.40-7.64). The primary end point was significantly
reduced with physiology-guided complete revascularization as compared with culprit-only
strategy in patients with HBR (HR, 0.73; 95%CI, 0.55-0.96). No indication of interaction
was noted between revascularization strategy and HBR status for primary and secondary
end points.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE HBR status is prevalent among older patients with MI,
significantly increasing the likelihood of adverse events. Physiology-guided complete
revascularization emerges as an effective strategy, in comparison with culprit-only
revascularization, for mitigating ischemic adverse events, including cardiovascular death
and MI