Lesões bucais na infância: revisão sistemática de interesse da fonoaudiologia

RESUMO Este estudo tem como tema, fonoaudiólogos, médicos e dentistas que são profissionais que, frequentemente, em suas ações profissionais, realizam exames intrabucais em seus pacientes. Muitas crianças, desde seu nascimento, apresentam o acometimento por lesões bucais que podem trazer transtornos temporários ao cotidiano. O objetivo é apresentar aos profissionais de saúde uma revisão sistemática acerca das lesões bucais mais frequentes em crianças e de interesse da fonoaudiologia. Os profissionais de saúde devem buscar sempre aumentar seus conhecimentos melhorando a atenção à saúde de seus pacientes

Pattern of acute poisonings in childhood in Ankara: what has changed in twenty years?

Poisoning represents one of the most common medical emergencies in childhood, and epidemiological properties differ from country to country. Thus, special epidemiological surveillance for each country is necessary to determine the problem according to which preventive measures can be taken. The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of acute poisoning cases admitted to a pediatric referral hospital. All poisoned patients under 17 years of age, except for cases food poisoning, presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) from January 1995 to December 2000 were determined. The information about each case was recorded on standardized forms and a retrospective chart review survey was done. Complete epidemiological and clinical data were obtained for 489 patients. The mean age of all poisoned patients (mean +/- standard deviation) was 5.96+/-4.87 years, and the age range was 0.01 to 17 years. Three hundred and thirty-one children, forming 63.6% of all patients, were under five years of age. Slightly more boys (52.3%) than girls were intoxicated at ages less than 10 years, after which more girls (79%) than boys were involved. The majority of all cases were due to accidental poisoning (78.1% of all poisonings) which occurred mostly in children under five years of age (73.3%). While accidental poisonings (97.1%) were the most common mode of poisoning between 1-5 years, self-poisonings (67.3%) had the highest ratio in cases over 10 years of age. In patients younger than one year of age, 74.2% of all poisonings were due to therapeutical error. Drugs were the most frequent offending agent (57.7%), followed by ingestion of a caustic/corrosive substance (16.8%) and carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication (9.4%). Analgesics were the most common agents, forming 23.7% of all poisonings due to drugs, followed by ingestion of multiple drugs and tricyclic antidepressants at ratios of 21.6% and 9.6%, respectively. The most common route of poisoning was ingestion of the poison (437/489 patients, 89.4%) and most were ingested inside the house (93.3%). About half of all poisoned patients (50.9%) were admitted to the ED within the first two hours of ingestion, and gastric lavage was performed on about half of the poisoned children (48.7%). In most of the cases, hospital treatment was non-specific, including general measures of decontamination and supportive-symptomatic therapy. During the six-year study period, two patients were lost due to acute poisoning, yielding an overall mortality rate of 0.4%

Microvascular Complications of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in an Adolescent: Case Report

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is a common chronic health problem with microvascular complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy in the pediatric population throughout the life. Screening of these complications should be done regularly, and appropriate preventive strategies should be followed. We present a 17 year old Type 1 diabetic patient who admitted to the hospital with the complaint of unhealed wound of his toe. An integrated and personal care of his clinical status revealed that he had diabetic microvascular complications including diabetic foot, neurogenic bladder, retinopathy, cataract and nephropathy

Combined vaccination by measles and hepatitis B vaccines: A new cause of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome

An 11-month-old boy presented with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome. He had received measles and a third dose of hepatitis B vaccines 2 weeks before the onset of the eruption. There were no clinical symptoms of any viral infection at the presentation. Serological tests for common viral infections were negative. The combination of measles and hepatitis B vaccines was likely the relevant factor in the etiology. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel