Dolor lumbar en universitarios: ¿cuál es el impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19?

O isolamento social decorrente da pandemia de COVID-19 alterou os hábitos da população e levantou questões relacionadas à saúde, como por exemplo, a dor lombar. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a prevalência e o risco de cronicidade de dor lombar em universitários durante o isolamento social de COVID-19. Foi utilizado um questionário on-line. O instrumento STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST) foi utilizado para verificar a dor lombar. Os fatores investigados foram dados sociodemográficos, informações sobre dor, e informações sobre comportamento sedentário e atividade física. Utilizou-se o teste de Qui-quadrado para heterogeneidade de proporções. A análise ajustada foi realizada mediante regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. A amostra foi composta por 208 estudantes. Universitários com companheiro apresentaram duas vezes mais chance de dor (RP = 2,07; IC95%) em comparação aos solteiros. A prevalência de dor lombar foi de 48,1%; 87% (RP = 1,87; IC95%: 1,09-3,21; p=0,027) maior nas mulheres quando comparadas aos homens. Universitários com comportamento sedentário apresentaram uma probabilidade 35% maior de ter dor lombar (RP = 1,36; IC95%: 1,02-1,81; p=0,038); e obesos uma probabilidade 42% (RP = 1,42; IC95%: 1,04-1,94; p=0,032) maior. O risco de cronicidade foi baixo em 82% da amostra. A dor lombar esteve presente na vida de muitas pessoas durante o isolamento social imposto pelo COVID-19. Trata-se de um problema comum, limitante e que deve ser considerado e tratado como prioridade de saúde e pesquisa.| El aislamiento social derivado de la pandemia delCOVID-19 ha cambiado los hábitos de la población y planteadoproblemas relacionados con la salud, como el dolor lumbar.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la prevalencia y el riesgode dolor lumbar crónico en estudiantes universitarios durante elaislamiento social. Para ello, se utilizó un cuestionario en línea.Se utilizó la herramienta STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST)para detectar el dolor lumbar. Los factores investigados fueron:datos sociodemográficos, información sobre el dolor e informaciónsobre sedentarismo y actividad física. Se utilizó la prueba dechi-cuadrado para la heterogeneidad de proporciones. El análisisajustado se realizó mediante la regresión de Poisson con varianzarobusta. La muestra estuvo conformada por 208 estudiantes.Se encontró que los estudiantes universitarios con pareja teníanel doble de probabilidades de tener dolor (RP=2,07; IC95%)en comparación con los estudiantes solteros. La prevalenciade dolor lumbar fue de 48,1%; siendo un 87% mayor en mujeres(RP=1,87; IC95%: 1,09-3,21; p=0,027) en comparación con loshombres. Los universitarios con comportamiento sedentariotenían un 35% más de probabilidad de tener dolor lumbar(RP=1,36; IC95%: 1,02-1,81; p=0,038); y obesos 42% (RP=1,42;IC95%: 1,04-1,94; p=0,032). El riesgo de cronicidad fue bajo enel 82% de la muestra. El dolor lumbar estuvo presente en la vidade muchas personas durante el aislamiento social provocadopor el COVID-19. Es un problema común, limitante, que debe serconsiderado y tratado como una prioridad en salud e investigaciónThe social isolation resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the population's habits and raised health-related issues, such as low back pain. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk of chronic low back pain in university students during the social isolation of COVID-19. An online questionnaire was used. The STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST) was used to check for low back pain. The factors investigated were sociodemographic data, information about pain, and information about sedentary behavior and physical activity. The chi-square test was used for proportion heterogeneity. The adjusted analysis was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance. The sample consisted of 208 students. University students with a partner were twice as likely to have pain (PR=2.07; 95%CI) compared to single students. The prevalence of low back pain was 48.1%; 87% (PR=1.87; 95%CI: 1.09-3.21; p=0.027) higher in women when compared to men. University students with sedentary behavior were 35% more likely to have low back pain (PR=1.36; 95%CI: 1.02-1.81; p=0.038); and obese individuals were 42% more likely (PR=1.42; 95%CI: 1.04-1.94; p=0.032). The risk of chronicity was low in 82% of the sample. Low back pain was present in the lives of many people during the social isolation imposed by COVID-19. It is a common, limiting problem that must be considered and treated as a health and research priority

Wearable Inertial Sensor Approach for Postural Adjustment Assessments during Predictable Perturbations in Sport

Introduction: Evidence supports the importance of efficient postural control to improve performance in sports. This involves the use of strategies such as anticipatory posture adjustments and compensatory adjustments. Technology makes analysis and assessments in sports cheaper, while being valid and reliable compared to the gold-standard assessment equipment. Objectives: This article aimed to test the validity and reliability of signals extracted from the sensor’s accelerometer (Metamotion C), by comparing it to the data obtained from the gold-standard equipment (a three-dimensional video-motion-capture system). Design: Observational, cross-sectional study. Methods: We exposed 20 healthy young standing people to the pendulum impact paradigm, which consisted of predictable anteroposterior disturbances applied at the shoulder level. In order to measure this, we observed the acceleration of the center of mass in the anticipatory and compensatory phase of the disturbance and compared the signals of the two devices (Metamotion C and a motion-capture system). Results: The validation results showed the significant linear correlation of all variables with a moderate to large correlation of r ≥ 0.5 between the devices. In contrast, the reliability results between sessions obtained by filming were all significant and above 0.75, indicating excellent reliability. The APAonset variable had a reasonable to high intra-class correlation in the anticipatory phase. In the compensatory phase, the CPAtime variable showed an excellent correlation. Conclusions: Metamotion C proved reasonably valid and highly reliable in measuring the center of mass acceleration compared to the camera system in both the anticipatory and compensatory phases

Características das crianças menores de cinco anos atendidas em serviços de atenção básica em dois municípios do nordeste brasileiro

Objetivos descrever a prevalência de consultas nos serviços de saúde com médico ou enfermeiro em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade nos municípios de Caracol e Anísio de Abreu, Piauí e identificar os fatores associados. Métodos: trata­se de estudo transversal de base populacional com crianças de 0 a 59 meses. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante aplicação de questionários entre julho e setembro de 2008. Utilizou­se para análise multivariada a Regressão de Poisson e o modelo hierarquizado. Resultados: entre as 1640 crianças incluídas no estudo, a prevalência de consultas nos serviços de saúde em Caracol foi de 44,2% (IC95% 40,1­47,4) e em Anísio de Abreu foi de 48,5% (IC95% 44,8­52,1). Após ajuste para eventuais fatores de confusão, consultar esteve associado com maior renda familiar e menor distância do serviço de saúde em Caracol. Em Anísio de Abreu, o desfecho associou­se com abastecimento de água e idade das crianças. Conclusões: a análise encontrou diferenças nos cuidados à saúde relacionados às condições socioeconômicas entre os municípios, apontando para iniquidades no sistema de saúde

Comparison of inertial records during anticipatory postural adjustments obtained with devices of different masses

Background Step initiation involves anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) that can be measured using inertial measurement units (IMUs) such as accelerometers. However, previous research has shown heterogeneity in terms of the population studied, sensors used, and methods employed. Validity against gold standard measurements was only found in some studies, and the weight of the sensors varied from 10 to 110 g. The weight of the device is a crucial factor to consider when assessing APAs, as APAs exhibit significantly lower magnitudes and are characterized by discrete oscillations in acceleration paths. Objective This study aims to validate the performance of a commercially available ultra-light sensor weighing only 5.6 g compared to a 168-g smartphone for measuring APAs during step initiation, using a video capture kinematics system as the gold standard. The hypothesis is that APA oscillation measurements obtained with the ultra-light sensor will exhibit greater similarity to those acquired using video capture than those obtained using a smartphone. Materials and Methods Twenty subjects were evaluated using a commercial lightweight MetaMotionC accelerometer, a smartphone and a system of cameras—kinematics with a reflective marker on lumbar vertebrae. The subjects initiated 10 trials of gait after a randomized command from the experimenter and APA variables were extracted: APAonset, APAamp, PEAKtime. A repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc test analyzed the effect of device on APA measurements. Bland–Altman plots were used to evaluate agreement between MetaMotionC, smartphone, and kinematics measurements. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to assess device correlation. Percentage error was calculated for each inertial sensor against kinematics. A paired Student’s t-test compared th devices percentage error. Results The study found no significant difference in temporal variables APAonset and PEAKtime between MetaMotionC, smartphone, and kinematic instruments, but a significant difference for variable APAamp, with MetaMotionC yielding smaller measurements. The MetaMotionC had a near-perfect correlation with kinematic data in APAonset and APAamp, while the smartphone had a very large correlation in APAamp and a near-perfect correlation in APAonset and PEAKtime. Bland–Altman plots showed non-significant bias between smartphone and kinematics for all variables, while there was a significant bias between MetaMotionC and kinematics for APAamp. The percentage of relative error was not significantly different between the smartphone and MetaMotionC. Conclusions The temporal analysis can be assessed using ultralight sensors and smartphones, as MetaMotionC and smartphone-based measurements have been found to be valid compared to kinematics. However, caution should be exercised when using ultralight sensors for amplitude measurements, as additional research is necessary to determine their effectiveness in this regard