The Allocation and Dissipation of Resource Rents: Implications for Fishery Reform

In the move to adopt rights based arrangements for renewable resources to avoid the losses of open access and the inefficiencies of prescriptive regulation, we argue that grandfathering the allotments of local users can be the most efficient distribution mechanism. We differ from the standard support among economists for auctions which contends that auctions allocate rights to the highest valued users and thereby maximize rents. Our contention is that rents are not a fixed stock as is commonly assumed, but rather depend upon the actions of those who use the natural resource and convert it into valuable goods and services. First-possession allocation assigns ownership and rents to existing users, reinforcing their incentives for stewardship and rent maximization. Resource rents are an important source of wealth and well being, especially in developing countries. By contrast the alternative, auction allocation, assigns ownership to winning bidders, but the rents are captured by the auctioneer, often the state, not local agents. We argue that there can be important efficiency effects. Our empirical focus is on fisheries, but the implications extend to other settings.

Preliminary Hearing--Better Alternatives or More of the Same, The

The first part of this article analyzes the preliminary hearing as a working institution. The second part sets out and evaluates current proposals and prospects for improving the hearing through reform. In the third part a set of alternative procedures is proposed which might function better than a judicial hearing with multiple functions, and comparisons are made with present and proposed hearing procedures. Throughout the article it will be assumed that any proposal for reform should fairly and effectively protect the interests of the accused while respecting the needs of law enforcement. In addition, any proposal for reform should take population growth into account and should be designed to help solve the problems of pre-trial criminal procedure in an urban setting. Finally, any proposal for reform at the preliminary hearing stage should be consistent with recent progressive proposals for reform that are being implemented at other stages of the criminal process

Production Factors in Beef Cattle Finishing

A feeding trial was conducted comparing four finishing diets, typically fed in this area, two hormone implants zeranol (Ralgro) and estradiol 17-beta (compudose), and a feed additive. thirty-two Hereford steers were fed in individual pens to maintain accurate intake records. The four diets compared were: 1) a whole corn diet with a small amount of corn silage as roughage; 2) a high energy ground barley diet using corn silage and chopped alfalfa as roughage; 3) a total diet consisting of rolled barley, beet pulp, and ground alfalfa hay; and 4) a high energy rolled barley diet using corn silage and chopped alfalfa hay as roughage. All finishing diets were supplemented with a protein, vitamin, and mineral supplement containing monensin. The cattle were fed in two phases--a growing and finishing phase. The diet comparisons were conducted only during the finishing phase. The implant and additive comparisons were made over both phases. Diet had little effect on feed lot performance. Rate of gain and feed efficiency were not significantly affected. Voluntary intake of net energy for gain was significantly affected (p The effect of diet was also significant for internal fat percent and marbling score (p The difference between the implants used was very small. None of the feedlot performance traits were affected. The feed additive Trigrr II produced significantly more (p During the combined period, average daily gain and feed efficiency were both superior for Trigrr II fed cattle (p Cattle implanted with zeranol fed Trigrr II consumed significantly greater amounts of net energy for gain and had heavier hot carcass weights than estradiol 17-beta implanted cattle or zeranol x control cattle

Educational administration as a disciplinary practice: Appropriating Foucault\u27s view of power, discourse, and method

This article discusses the relevance of Foucault\u27s work to the field of educational administration. It argues for Foucault\u27s concept of disciplinary practice as a powerful new generative metaphor for the field. A major implication of Foucault\u27s view of power is that educational practices that may appear more democratic, participatory, or progressive may in fact constitute forms of disciplinary power and thus result in more effective technologies of control. The authors argue that regardless of which techniques of administration are used, the effects of disciplinary power cannot be escaped. No educational practices are inherently more empowering than others. They further discuss how disciplinary power operates through discourse practices, which, according to Foucault, link knowledge and power Discourses shape administrative practices, and administrative practices produce discourses. Finally, the authors discuss how Foucault\u27s methodology (genealogy) can be used to determine why some discourses have prevailed over others in the field of educational administration