Morphological Index of Sassone for Predicting Serous Type of Epithelial Ovarium Cancer: Indeks Morfologi Sassone untuk Memprediksi Kanker Ovarium Epitelial Tipe Serous

Objective:  To obtain whether there was a correlation between the Sassone morphological index and CA 125 tumour markers for suspecting epithelial ovarian cancer with serous types.Methods: This research was analysis correlation and diagnostic test using cross-sectional design. This study was conducted in Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, from November 2018 until April 2019. Results: There were 30 samples of patients with suspected malignant ovarian tumours. The Mann-Whitney test has been performed and the results show no relationship between the Sassone morphological index and epithelial ovarian cancer with serous type (p-value 0.627) and there was no correlation between CA 125 tumour marker and epithelial ovarian cancer with serous types (p-value 0.251). The diagnostic test was performed to examine the sensitivity and specificity for the Sassone morphological index in epithelial ovarian cancer with serous type, resulting in 60% and 28%, respectively. In this study, the sensitivity and specificity for CA 125 tumour marker in epithelial ovarian cancer with serous type were 80% and 40%, respectively. Conclusion:  There was no correlation between the Sassone morphological index and CA 125 tumour marker for suspecting epithelial ovarian cancer with serous types. Keywords:  CA 125 tumour marker, 0 epithelial ovarian cancer with serous types, morphological index of Sassone.   Abstrak Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui adakah korelasi antara indeks morfologi Sassone dan penanda tumor CA 125 dalam memprediksi kanker ovarium epitelial tipe serous. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan potong lintang dengan melakukan uji korelasi dan diagnostik.Penelitian dilakukandi RSUD Dr. Zainoel abidin, dalam kurun waktu November 2018 sampai dengan April 2019.Hasil : Selama penelitian didapatkan 30 sampel penderita tumor ovarium suspek ganas. Dilakukan analisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney, didapatkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara indeks morfologi Sassone terhadap kanker ovarium epitelial tipe serous (p-value 0,627) dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara penanda tumor CA 125 terhadap kanker ovarium epitelial tipe serous (p-value 0,251). Kemudian dilakukan uji diagnostik dimana didapatkan nilai sensitivitas, spesifisitas dari indeks morfologi Sassone pada kanker ovarium epitelial tipe serous adalah 60% dan 28%. Sedangkan nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas penada tumor CA 125 pada kanker ovarium epitelial tipe serous pada penelitian ini didapatkan 80% dan 40%.Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara indeks morfologi Sassone dan penanda tumor CA 125 dalam memprediksi kanker ovarium epitelial tipe serous.Kata kunci: indeks morfologi Sassone, kanker ovarium epitelial tipe serous, penanda tumor CA 12

Factors Affecting the Level of Health Care Worker's Stigmatized and Discriminatory Attitude Towards People Living with HIV: a Study at the Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

The aim of this study was to identify the level of health care worker`s (HCW) stigmatized and discriminatory (S&D) attitude towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the factors that influenced this attitude. This research was conducted at the Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital (RSUDZA) in Banda Aceh province of Indonesia. A cross-sectional study design was adopted for this research. Eighty nine HCWs were included in this study and they were selected purposively. Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of variance or independent sample t test analysis was used according to the type of data. We found that the level of S&D attitude towards PLHIV in RSUDZA is high. Based on the Least Significant Difference Test, the average score of the answers between nurses and general practitioners and between nurses and medical students was significantly different(p=0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the levels of S&D attitude towards PLHIV was positively correlated with age (r=0.219, p=0.04) and irrational fear of HIV transmission (r=0.352, p=0.001) and negatively correlated with knowledge about HIV/AIDS (r=-0.336, p=0.001). Pearson correlation analysis also found that knowledge of HIV/AIDS negatively correlated with the irrational fear of HIV transmission (r=0.382, p=0.000). In addition, the level of S&D attitude towards PLHIV was also associated with marital status of HCWs (p=0.020). Gender, education level, religion and the importance of religion in HCW lives wasn`t significantly affect to the level of S&D attitude towards PLHIV in HCW. We concluded that the factors that influence the level of S&D attitude towards PLHIV among the HCW are age, marital status, knowledge of HIV/AIDS, irrational fear of HIV transmission and HCWs occupations. To reduce S&D attitude towards PLHIV among the HCWs, we recommend introducing some program to increase knowledge of HIV/AID

Molecular Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia: MicroRNA Hypothesis

The discovery of micro RNA (miRNA) in 1993 by Ambros and colleagues has a huge influence in pathogenesis theory, diagnosis and treatment approach of some diseases. Some studies have conducted to seek the association alterations of miRNA expression to incidences and severity of preeclampsia (PE). We have reviewed some studies that conducted to seek the association of miRNA and PE and we discussed the role of various miRNAs in PE pathogenesis. In summary, we have shown that many researchers have given evident that the different placental and plasma miRNA expression is associated with PE. Some studies also identified the novel candidate of miRNAs (and their pathways) that may be of etiologic relevance in the pathogenesis of PE. Base on review, specific miRNA have a role to down regulate of anti apoptosis genes, regulate angiogenics growth factors such as angiogenin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) B (VEGF-β), cysteine-rich 61 (CYR61), Placental growth factor (PlGF) and VEGF-A that have a role in angiogenesis. miRNA also have a role in survival, migration, and capillary tube formation of HUVEC by targeted of c-kit. Some miRNAs target genes that participate in immunologic dysfunction, cell adhesion, cell cycle, and signaling. miRNA also have a roles in endothelial cell response to hypoxia, cell differentiation, and survival. A miRNA influence calcium signaling through negative regulations of the calmodulin-coding mRNAs, Mef2a and Gata4, mainly in smooth muscle cells that contribute to PE pathogenesis. These investigations provide novel targets for further investigation of the pathogenesis of PE and these differential miRNAs may be potential markers for the diagnosis and provide a potential therapeutic target for PE. Further investigations on posttranscriptional regulation in PE to evaluate biologic effects of identified miRNAs (including confirmations of miRNA and target gene interactions) are neede

Knowledge and attitude towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika virus infection among general practitioners in Indonesia

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection among general practitioners (GPs), a frontline healthcare worker group, in Indonesia. Methods A cross-sectional, online survey assessing knowledge and attitudes towards ZIKV infection on multiple-item scales was sent to GPs in the Sumatra and Java islands of Indonesia. The associations between independent factors and either knowledge or attitude were assessed with logistic regressions. The correlation and association between knowledge and attitude were estimated. Results We included 457 (53.7%) out of 850 responses in the analysis. Among these, 304 (66.5%) and 111 (24.2%) respondents had a good knowledge and attitude, respectively. No demographic, workplace, professional development, or experiential characteristics related to ZIKV infection were associated with knowledge. In the multivariate analysis, only contact experience was associated with attitude. There was a significant, positive correlation between knowledge and attitude scores. Conclusions Although knowledge of pregnancy-related complications of ZIKV infection is relatively high among GPs in Indonesia, more than 75% of them had a poor attitude towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika. Strategies for enhancing the capacity of GPs to develop positive attitudes and respond to ZIKV infection are needed.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152124/1/12879_2019_Article_4297.pd

Knowledge and attitude towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika virus infection among general practitioners in Indonesia

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection among general practitioners (GPs), a frontline healthcare worker group, in Indonesia. Methods A cross-sectional, online survey assessing knowledge and attitudes towards ZIKV infection on multiple-item scales was sent to GPs in the Sumatra and Java islands of Indonesia. The associations between independent factors and either knowledge or attitude were assessed with logistic regressions. The correlation and association between knowledge and attitude were estimated. Results We included 457 (53.7%) out of 850 responses in the analysis. Among these, 304 (66.5%) and 111 (24.2%) respondents had a good knowledge and attitude, respectively. No demographic, workplace, professional development, or experiential characteristics related to ZIKV infection were associated with knowledge. In the multivariate analysis, only contact experience was associated with attitude. There was a significant, positive correlation between knowledge and attitude scores. Conclusions Although knowledge of pregnancy-related complications of ZIKV infection is relatively high among GPs in Indonesia, more than 75% of them had a poor attitude towards pregnancy-related issues of Zika. Strategies for enhancing the capacity of GPs to develop positive attitudes and respond to ZIKV infection are needed.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152124/1/12879_2019_Article_4297.pd