Dimension bounds for invariant measures of bi-Lipschitz iterated function systems

We study probabilistic iterated function systems (IFS), consisting of a finite or infinite number of average-contracting bi-Lipschitz maps on R^d. If our strong open set condition is also satisfied, we show that both upper and lower bounds for the Hausdorff and packing dimensions of the invariant measure can be found. Both bounds take on the familiar form of ratio of entropy to the Lyapunov exponent

Designing Internet Reservation and Management Software Systems for Small Peripheral Hospitality Organizations: The HotMot Solution

Anckar, B., and Walden, P. (2000), ”Designing Internet Reservation and Management Software Systems for Small Peripheral Hospitality Organizations: The HotMot Solution”. IAMSR Research Report 5/2000. Institute for Advanced Management Systems Research,

Drivers and Inhibitors to eCommerce Adoption: Exploring the Rationality of Consumer Behavior in the Electronic Marketplace

This research reports on the findings of a mail consumer survey conducted in Finland to (i) build an understanding of the rationales for adopting or rejecting the Internet and ecommerce by consumers, and to (ii) explore the relationship between e-commerce adoption decisions and perceived channel value, seen as the balance of power between the overall benefits that are likely to accrue by using the Internet, and the overall barriers encountered to using it or to deriving the sought benefits. Identifying the primary drivers and inhibitors to Internet and e-commerce adoption, and showing that e-commerce adoption/rejection is based on rational consumer behavior when seen from the proposed value perspective, the study contributes to and extends our understanding of the Internet as a medium for commercial use in the B2C arena

Bicameralism, small states style

In principle, one would imagine that unicameral assemblies are more streamlined and effective than bicameral ones in terms of responding to the needs of small and cohesive societies. However, around one fourth of the world’s small states have introduced bicameral legislatures or have installed decentralisation or devolution measures to serve ends that are usually entrusted to the bicameral device. Moreover, a few small states operate legislatures in which representatives and Senators are seated in the same House, thus combining features of unicameralism and bicameralism alike. Interestingly, the preference of some small states for bicameralism proper or for decentralisation and devolution as bicameral substitutes may be understood as rational responses that either promote balance and moderation in a historical context of party political domination or represent autonomy policies in and for archipelagic small countries.peer-reviewe

Constitutional Amendment Methods in Twenty One Small Island Democracies

States differ in the extent to which they give their constitutions rigidity. Exploring constitutional amendment methods in 21 small island democracies with plurality elections, this study aims at explaining such rigidity differences. The leading expectation is that rigid amendment dominates in countries which have experienced in their political life disproportionate dominance in terms of party politics or excessive social fragmentation. These countries, namely, have probably internalized a need to ward off by means of high amendment thresholds sudden constitutional replacement, which is one possible consequence of the plurality election method. A main empirical finding is that a pattern of positive co-variance certainly exists. Whenever the triggering factors (dominance/fragmentation) are at hand, rigid amendment follows; whenever the factors are not at hand, moderate amendment follows. The finding strongly supports an image of small islands as thoughtful and purposeful political actors that design their political institutions to reflect their particular needs

Approaches to Using e- and m-Business Components in Business

This paper discusses using e- and m-business components in supporting and enhancing existing businesses and in creating new business innovations. A framework illustrating two different approaches companies have to adoption of e- and m-business components is proposed. Three cases of how Finnish companies have, in an innovative way, used e- and m-business components to support, to enhance, and to launch businesses are presented. Based on the illustrative framework and the cases, some rules of thumb for using e- and m-business components in business are proposed. The aim of this paper is to offer managers helpful insights for planning e- and m-business component investments.e-Business; m-Business; Business Models; Case Studies

Regulation of Neuronal Morphogenesis and Positioning by Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases in the Cerebellum

Ubiquitin signaling mechanisms play fundamental roles in the cell-intrinsic control of neuronal morphogenesis and connectivity in the brain. However, whereas specific ubiquitin ligases have been implicated in key steps of neural circuit assembly, the roles of ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) in the establishment of neuronal connectivity have remained unexplored. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of USP family members in granule neuron morphogenesis and positioning in the rodent cerebellum. We identify a set of 32 USPs that are expressed in granule neurons. We also characterize the subcellular localization of the 32 USPs in granule neurons using a library of expression plasmids encoding GFP-USPs. In RNAi screens of the 32 neuronally expressed USPs, we uncover novel functions for USP1, USP4, and USP20 in the morphogenesis of granule neuron dendrites and axons and we identify a requirement for USP30 and USP33 in granule neuron migration in the rodent cerebellar cortex in vivo. These studies reveal that specific USPs with distinct spatial localizations harbor key functions in the control of neuronal morphogenesis and positioning in the mammalian cerebellum, with important implications for our understanding of the cell-intrinsic mechanisms that govern neural circuit assembly in the brain