Ethanol Production from Sugarcane Leaves by Kluyveromyces marxianus S1.17, a Genome-Shuffling Mediated Transformant

Kluyveromyces marxianus S1.17, obtained by electroporation-mediated genome shuffling between K. marxianus G2-16-1, a cellobiase-producing yeast, and Pichia stipitis JCM 10742T, gave a maximum ethanol production level (of 0.86 g/L) from the hydrolysate of dilute sulfuric acid treated sugarcane leaves when treated under aerobic conditions for 72 h, compared to the ethanol production level of 4.73 g/L from the acid-treated sugarcane leaves fermented by the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process under oxygen-limited conditions. The total ethanol produced from sugarcane leaves by K. marxianus S1.17 was 5.59 g/L (0.10 g/g, dry weight)

\u418\u434\u435\u43d\u442\u438\u444\u438\u43a\u430\u446\u438\u44f \u41d\u430 \u429\u430\u43c\u43e\u432\u435, \u418\u437\u43e\u43b\u438\u440\u430\u43d\u438 \u412 \u422\u430\u439\u43b\u430\u43d\u434 \u418 \u41e\u442\u43d\u435\u441\u435\u43d\u438 \u41a\u44a\u43c \u420\u43e\u434\u43e\u432\u435\u442\u435 Kozakia \u418 Swaminathania

Four isolates, isolated from fruit of sapodilla collected at Chantaburi and designated as CT8-1 and CT8-2, and isolated from seeds of ixora (\u201ekhem\u201d in Thai, Ixora species) collected at Rayong and designated as SI15-1 and SI15-2, were examined taxonomically. The four isolates were selected from a total of 181 isolated acetic acid bacteria. Isolates CT8-1 and CT8-2 were non motile and produced a levan-like mucous polysaccharide from sucrose or D-fructose, but did not produce a water-soluble brown pigment from D-glucose on CaCO3-containing agar slants. The isolates produced acetic acid from ethanol and oxidized acetate and lactate to carbon dioxide and water, but the intensity of the acetate and lactate oxidation was weak. Their growth was not inhibited by 0.35 % acetic acid (v/v) at pH 3.5. The isolates did not grow on 30 % D-glucose (w/v), and utilization of methanol was not found. Isolates SI15-1 and SI15-2 had peritrichous flagella and grew in the presence of either 0.35 % acetic acid (v/v) at pH 3.5, 3 % NaCl (w/v), or 1 % KNO3 (w/v). Acetate and lactate were oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, but the intensity was weak. The isolates grew on mannitol agar and glutamate agar as well as on 30 % Dglucose (w/v), but did not utilize methanol. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization indicated that isolates CT8-1 and CT8-2 and isolates SI15-1 and SI15-2 were unequivocally identified respectively as Kozakia baliensis and Swaminathania salitolerans .\u418\u437\u441\u43b\u435\u434\u432\u430\u43d\u438 \u441\u430 \u442\u430\u43a\u441\u43e\u43d\u43e\u43c\u438\u447\u43d\u43e \u447\u435\u442\u438\u440\u438 \u449\u430\u43c\u430, \u438\u437\u43e\u43b\u438\u440\u430\u43d\u438 \u441\u44a\u43e\u442\u432\u435\u442\u43d\u43e \u43e\u442 \u43f\u43b\u43e\u434 \u43d\u430 \u441\u430\u43f\u43e\u434\u438\u43b\u430 \u432 \u427\u430\u43d\u442\u430\u431\u443\u440\u438, \u43e\u437\u43d\u430\u447\u435\u43d\u438 \u43a\u430\u442\u43e CT8-1 \u438 CT8-2, \u438 \u43e\u442 \u441\u435\u43c\u435\u43d\u430 \u43d\u430 \u438\u43a\u441\u43e\u440\u430 (\u201e\u43a\u435\u43c\u201d \u43d\u430 \u442\u430\u439\u432\u430\u43d\u441\u43a\u438) \u432 \u420\u430\u439\u43e\u43d\u433 \u438 \u43e\u437\u43d\u430\u447\u435\u43d\u438 \u43a\u430\u442\u43e SI15-1 and SI15-2. \u427\u435- \u442\u438\u440\u438\u442\u435 \u449\u430\u43c\u430 \u441\u430 \u43f\u43e\u434\u431\u440\u430\u43d\u438 \u43e\u442 \u43e\u431\u449\u43e 181 \u438\u437\u43e\u43b\u430\u442\u430 \u43d\u430 \u43e\u446\u435\u442\u43d\u43e\u43a\u438\u441\u435\u43b\u438 \u431\u430\u43a\u442\u435\u440\u438\u438. \u429\u430\u43c\u43e\u432\u435 CT8-1 \u438 CT8-2 \u441\u430 \u43d\u435\u43f\u43e\u434\u432\u438\u436\u43d\u438 \u438 \u43f\u440\u43e\u434\u443\u446\u438\u440\u430\u442 \u43b\u435\u432\u430\u43d\u43e\u43f\u43e\u434\u43e\u431\u435\u43d \u43c\u443\u43a\u43e- \u43f\u43e\u43b\u438\u437\u430\u445\u430\u440\u438\u434 \u43e\u442 \u437\u430\u445\u430\u440\u43e\u437\u430 \u438\u43b\u438 D-\u444\u440\u443\u43a\u442\u43e\u437\u430, \u43d\u43e \u43d\u435 \u43e\u442\u434\u435\u43b\u44f\u442 \u432\u43e\u434\u43d\u43e\u440\u430\u437\u442\u432\u43e\u440\u438\u43c \u43a\u430\u444\u44f\u432 \u43f\u438\u433\u43c\u435\u43d\u442 \u43e\u442 D-\u433\u43b\u44e\u43a\u43e\u437\u430 \u432\u44a\u440\u445\u443 \u441\u43a\u43e\u441\u435\u43d \u430\u433\u430\u440, \u441\u44a\u434\u44a\u440\u436\u430\u449 CaCO3. \u418\u437\u43e\u43b\u430- \u442\u438\u442\u435 \u43f\u440\u43e\u438\u437\u432\u435\u436\u434\u430\u442 \u43e\u446\u435\u442\u43d\u430 \u43a\u438\u441\u435\u43b\u438\u43d\u430 \u43e\u442 \u435\u442\u430\u43d\u43e\u43b \u438 \u43e\u43a\u438\u441\u43b\u44f\u432\u430\u442 \u430\u446\u435\u442\u430\u442 \u438 \u43b\u430\u43a\u442\u430\u442 \u434\u43e \u432\u44a\u433\u43b\u435\u440\u43e\u434\u435\u43d \u434\u432\u443\u43e\u43a\u438\u441 \u438 \u432\u43e\u434\u430, \u43d\u43e \u438\u43d\u442\u435\u43d\u437\u438\u432\u43d\u43e\u441\u442\u442\u430 \u43d\u430 \u43e\u43a\u438\u441\u43b\u435\u43d\u438\u435\u442\u43e \u435 \u441\u43b\u430\u431\u430. \u422\u435\u445\u43d\u438\u44f\u442 \u440\u430\u441\u442\u435\u436 \u43d\u435 \u441\u435 \u438\u43d\u445\u438\u431\u438\u440\u430 \u43e\u442 0.35 % \u43e\u446\u435\u442\u43d\u430 \u43a\u438\u441\u435\u43b\u438\u43d\u430 (v/v) \u43f\u440\u438 pH 3.5. \u418\u437\u43e\u43b\u430\u442\u438\u442\u435 \u43d\u435 \u440\u430\u441\u442\u430\u442 \u432\u44a\u440\u445\u443 30 % D-\u433\u43b\u44e\u43a\u43e\u437\u430 (w/v), \u430 \u443\u441\u432\u43e\u44f\u432\u430\u43d\u435 \u43d\u430 \u43c\u435\u442\u430\u43d\u43e\u43b \u43d\u435 \u441\u435 \u443\u441\u442\u430\u43d\u43e\u432\u44f\u432\u430. \u429\u430\u43c\u43e\u432\u435 SI15-1 \u438 SI15-2 \u438\u43c\u430\u442 \u43f\u435\u440\u438\u442\u440\u438\u445\u430\u43b\u43d\u43e \u440\u430\u437\u43f\u43e\u43b\u43e\u436\u435\u43d\u438 \u440\u435\u441\u43d\u438 \u438 \u440\u430\u441\u442\u430\u442 \u432 \u43f\u440\u438\u441\u44a\u441\u442\u432\u438\u435 \u43a\u430\u43a\u442\u43e \u43d\u430 0.35 % \u43e\u446\u435\u442\u43d\u430 \u43a\u438\u441\u435\u43b\u438\u43d\u430 (v/v) \u43f\u440\u438 pH 3.5, \u442\u430\u43a\u430 \u438 \u43d\u430 3 % NaCl (w/v) \u438\u43b\u438 1 % KNO3 (w/v). \u410\u446\u435\u442\u430\u442\u44a\u442 \u438 \u43b\u430\u43a\u442\u430\u442\u44a\u442 \u441\u435 \u43e\u43a\u438\u441\u43b\u44f\u432\u430\u442 \u434\u43e \u432\u44a\u433\u43b\u435\u440\u43e\u434\u435\u43d \u434\u432\u443\u43e\u43a\u438\u441 \u438 \u432\u43e\u434\u430, \u43d\u43e \u438\u43d\u442\u435\u43d\u437\u438\u432\u43d\u43e\u441\u442\u442\u430 \u435 \u441\u43b\u430\u431\u430. \u418\u437\u43e\u43b\u430\u442\u438\u442\u435 \u440\u430\u441\u442\u430\u442 \u432\u44a\u440\u445\u443 \u430\u433\u430\u440 \u441 \u43c\u430\u43d\u438\u442\u43e\u43b \u438\u43b\u438 \u433\u43b\u443\u442\u430\u43c\u430\u442, \u43a\u430\u43a\u442\u43e \u438 \u432\u44a\u440\u445\u443 30 % D-\u433\u43b\u44e\u43a\u43e\u437\u430 (w/v), \u43d\u43e \u43d\u435 \u443\u441\u432\u43e\u44f\u432\u430\u442 \u43c\u435\u442\u430\u43d\u43e\u43b. \u41f\u440\u43e\u432\u435\u434\u435\u43d\u438\u442\u435 \u441\u435\u43a\u432\u435\u43d- \u446\u438\u43e\u43d\u435\u43d \u430\u43d\u430\u43b\u438\u437 \u43d\u430 16S \u440\u420\u41d\u41a \u438 \u414\u41d\u41a-\u414\u41d\u41a \u445\u438\u431\u440\u438\u434\u438\u437\u430\u446\u438\u44f \u43f\u43e\u43a\u430\u437\u432\u430\u442, \u447\u435 \u449\u430\u43c\u43e\u432\u435 CT8-1 and CT8-2 \u431\u435\u437 \u441\u44a\u43c\u43d\u435\u43d\u438\u435 \u441\u435 \u438\u434\u435\u43d\u442\u438\u444\u438\u446\u438\u440\u430\u442 \u43a\u430\u442\u43e Kozakia baliensis , \u430 \u438\u437\u43e\u43b\u430\u442\u438 SI15-1 \u438 SI15-2 \u43a\u430\u442\u43e Swaminathania salitolerans

Идентификация На Щамове, Изолирани В Тайланд И Отнесени Към Родовете Kozakia И Swaminathania

Four isolates, isolated from fruit of sapodilla collected at Chantaburi and designated as CT8-1 and CT8-2, and isolated from seeds of ixora („khem” in Thai, Ixora species) collected at Rayong and designated as SI15-1 and SI15-2, were examined taxonomically. The four isolates were selected from a total of 181 isolated acetic acid bacteria. Isolates CT8-1 and CT8-2 were non motile and produced a levan-like mucous polysaccharide from sucrose or D-fructose, but did not produce a water-soluble brown pigment from D-glucose on CaCO3-containing agar slants. The isolates produced acetic acid from ethanol and oxidized acetate and lactate to carbon dioxide and water, but the intensity of the acetate and lactate oxidation was weak. Their growth was not inhibited by 0.35 % acetic acid (v/v) at pH 3.5. The isolates did not grow on 30 % D-glucose (w/v), and utilization of methanol was not found. Isolates SI15-1 and SI15-2 had peritrichous flagella and grew in the presence of either 0.35 % acetic acid (v/v) at pH 3.5, 3 % NaCl (w/v), or 1 % KNO3 (w/v). Acetate and lactate were oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, but the intensity was weak. The isolates grew on mannitol agar and glutamate agar as well as on 30 % Dglucose (w/v), but did not utilize methanol. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization indicated that isolates CT8-1 and CT8-2 and isolates SI15-1 and SI15-2 were unequivocally identified respectively as Kozakia baliensis and Swaminathania salitolerans .Изследвани са таксономично четири щама, изолирани съответно от плод на саподила в Чантабури, означени като CT8-1 и CT8-2, и от семена на иксора („кем” на тайвански) в Районг и означени като SI15-1 and SI15-2. Че- тирите щама са подбрани от общо 181 изолата на оцетнокисели бактерии. Щамове CT8-1 и CT8-2 са неподвижни и продуцират леваноподобен муко- полизахарид от захароза или D-фруктоза, но не отделят водноразтворим кафяв пигмент от D-глюкоза върху скосен агар, съдържащ CaCO3. Изола- тите произвеждат оцетна киселина от етанол и окисляват ацетат и лактат до въглероден двуокис и вода, но интензивността на окислението е слаба. Техният растеж не се инхибира от 0.35 % оцетна киселина (v/v) при pH 3.5. Изолатите не растат върху 30 % D-глюкоза (w/v), а усвояване на метанол не се установява. Щамове SI15-1 и SI15-2 имат перитрихално разположени ресни и растат в присъствие както на 0.35 % оцетна киселина (v/v) при pH 3.5, така и на 3 % NaCl (w/v) или 1 % KNO3 (w/v). Ацетатът и лактатът се окисляват до въглероден двуокис и вода, но интензивността е слаба. Изолатите растат върху агар с манитол или глутамат, както и върху 30 % D-глюкоза (w/v), но не усвояват метанол. Проведените секвен- ционен анализ на 16S рРНК и ДНК-ДНК хибридизация показват, че щамове CT8-1 and CT8-2 без съмнение се идентифицират като Kozakia baliensis , а изолати SI15-1 и SI15-2 като Swaminathania salitolerans