Calculations of Heat Transfer in the Furnaces of Steam Boilers According to the Laws of Radiation of Gas Volumes

The laws of heat radiation from black body and the laws of Stefan-Boltzmann (Jožef-Ludwig), Max Planck, and Wilhelm Wien are fundamental laws of physics. All in all, a little more than 30 fundamental laws of physics, studied by pupils and students worldwide, were disclosed. Scientific disclosure of fundamental laws influences mainly power technology, fuel, and energy resource saving. In the late nineteenth century, the laws of heat radiation from gas volumes and the laws of Makarov were disclosed. Since the radiation laws from blackbody are fundamental laws of physics, then the laws of heat radiation from gas volumes are fundamental laws of physics. The effect of using laws of heat radiation from gas volumes on fuel saving and reduction of development pressure on the environment in many countries of the world is shown

Halide-Perovskite Resonant Nanophotonics

Halide perovskites have emerged recently as promising materials for many applications in photovoltaics and optoelectronics. Recent studies of their optical properties suggest many novel opportunities for a design of advanced nanophotonic devices due to low-cost fabrication, high values of the refractive index, existence of excitons at room temperatures, broadband bandgap tunability, high optical gain and nonlinear response, as well as simplicity of their integration with other types of structures. This paper provides an overview of the recent progress in the study of optical effects originating from nanostructured perovskites, including their potential applications.Comment: revie

O conceito e os meios de controle de processos de aglomeração

Within this article, we considered the theoretical and empirical approaches to the understanding of agglomeration processes, highlighted the main foreign and domestic paradigms for classifying territories as agglomerations, as well as studied the works of the authors who first introduced the concept of “agglomeration”. It has been found that the foreign authors most often interpret the concept according to geographical, administrative and economic approaches, while the domestic literature uses an economic-geographical appr oach. At the same time, the formation of agglomerations is based on the development potential of territories, and the agglomeration processes actively influence the factors of a territory development.At the present stage of development of agglomerations abroad, the potential and effectiveness of the agglomeration processes based on the benchmarking research are being actively studied. At the same time, foreign scientists identify various aspects for controlling the agglomeration development process. The article highlights the problem of the lack of the agglomeration development concept in Russia at the federation level, which hampers the development of relevant documents at the regional and territorial levels. The development of this concept is proposed to begin with the scheme of regulatory and legal support for the agglomeration development. There are three interrelated stages in the proposed scheme: the development of a specific agglomeration development strategy, the creation of a scheme for its territorial planning, the formation of a comprehensive investment program for agglomeration.En este artículo, consideramos los enfoques teóricos y empíricos para la comprensión de los procesos de aglomeración, destacamos los principales paradigmas extranjeros y nacionales para clasificar los territorios como aglomeraciones, y estudiamos los trabajos de los autores que introdujeron por primera vez el concepto de "aglomeración". Se ha encontrado que los autores extranjeros a menudo interpretan el concepto de acuerdo con los enfoques geográficos, administrativos y económicos, mientras que la literatura nacional utiliza un enfoque económico-geográfico. Al mismo tiempo, la formación de aglomeraciones se basa en el potencial de desarrollo de los territorios, y los procesos de aglomeración influyen activamente en los factores del desarrollo de un territorio.En la etapa actual del desarrollo de aglomeraciones en el extranjero, se están estudiando activamente el potencial y la eficacia de los procesos de aglomeración basados en la investigación de evaluación comparativa. Al mismo tiempo, científicos extranjeros identifican varios aspectos para controlar el proceso de desarrollo de la aglomeración. El artículo destaca el problema de la falta del concepto de desarrollo de aglomeración en Rusia a nivel de federación, lo que dificulta el desarrollo de documentos relevantes a nivel regional y territorial. Se propone el desarrollo de este concepto para comenzar con el esquema de apoyo legal y regulatorio para el desarrollo de la aglomeración. Hay tres etapas interrelacionadas en el esquema propuesto: el desarrollo de una estrategia específica de desarrollo de aglomeración, la creación de un esquema para su planificación territorial, la formación de un programa de inversión integral para la aglomeración.Dentro deste artigo, consideramos as abordagens teóricas e empíricas para a compreensão dos processos de aglomeração, destacamos os principais paradigmas nacionais e estrangeiros para classificar os territórios como aglomerações, bem como estudamos os trabalhos dos autores que primeiro introduziram o conceito de “aglomeração”. Verificou-se que os autores estrangeiros interpretam mais frequentemente o conceito de acordo com abordagens geográficas, administrativas e econômicas, enquanto a literatura nacional utiliza uma abordagem econômico-geográfica. Ao mesmo tempo, a formação de aglomerações baseia-se no potencial de desenvolvimento dos territórios, e os processos de aglomeração influenciam ativamente os fatores de desenvolvimento de um território.No estágio atual de desenvolvimento de aglomerações no exterior, o potencial e a eficácia dos processos de aglomeração baseados na pesquisa de benchmarking estão sendo ativamente estudados. Ao mesmo tempo, cientistas estrangeiros identificam vários aspectos para controlar o processo de desenvolvimento da aglomeração. O artigo destaca o problema da falta do conceito de desenvolvimento da aglomeração na Rússia no nível da federação, o que dificulta o desenvolvimento de documentos relevantes nos níveis regional e territorial. O desenvolvimento deste conceito é proposto para começar com o esquema de apoio regulatório e legal para o desenvolvimento da aglomeração. Há três estágios inter-relacionados no esquema proposto: o desenvolvimento de uma estratégia específica de desenvolvimento de aglomeração, a criação de um esquema para seu planejamento territorial, a formação de um programa abrangente de investimento para aglomeração

Multiplexing in Multi-Reflecting TOF MS

The paper presents an overview of original inventions, development and experimental results by the group of authors in the area of multi-reflecting time-of-flight mass spectrometry with Folded Flight Path (FFP®) (MR-TOFMS) with main focus on multiplexing methods for improving the analysis throughput, i.e. the amount of information per time unit. MR-TOF provides panoramic spectra (virtue of TOFMS), while significantly enhancing resolving power, thus, providing yet more information. Resolving power R=500,000 is demonstrated to resolve isobars and to improve mass accuracy to sub-ppm level. Encoded Frequent Pulsing (EFPTM) method improves sensitivity, expands dynamic range and opens multiple incarnations of parallel and fast tandem methods of analysis based on using ion traps, TOFMS and ion mobility for rapid and lossless parent ion separations

Stability of Neural Firing in the Trigeminal Nuclei under Mechanical Whisker Stimulation

Sensory information handling is an essentially nonstationary process even under a periodic stimulation. We show how the time evolution of ridges in the wavelet spectrum of spike trains can be used for quantification of the dynamical stability of the neuronal responses to a stimulus. We employ this method to study neuronal responses in trigeminal nuclei of the rat provoked by tactile whisker stimulation. Neurons from principalis (Pr5) and interpolaris (Sp5i) show the maximal stability at the intermediate (50 ms) stimulus duration, whereas Sp5o cells “prefer” shorter (10 ms) stimulation. We also show that neurons in all three nuclei can perform as stimulus frequency filters. The response stability of about 33% of cells exhibits low-pass frequency dynamics. About 57% of cells have band-pass dynamics with the optimal frequency at 5 Hz for Pr5 and Sp5i, and 4 Hz for Sp5o, and the remaining 10% show no prominent dependence on the stimulus frequency. This suggests that the neural coding scheme in trigeminal nuclei is not fixed, but instead it adapts to the stimulus characteristics

Broadband Antireflection with Halide Perovskite Metasurfaces

Meta-optics based on optically resonant dielectric nanostructures is a rapidly developing research field with many potential applications. Halide perovskite metasurfaces have emerged recently as a novel platform for meta-optics, and they offer unique opportunities for control of light in optoelectronic devices. Here, the generalized Kerker conditions are employed to overlap electric and magnetic Mie resonances in each meta-atom of MAPbBr3 perovskite metasurface, and broadband suppression of reflection down to 4% is demonstrated. Furthermore, it is revealed that metasurface nanostructuring is also beneficial for the enhancement of photoluminescence. These results may be useful for applications of nanostructured halide perovskites in photovoltaics and semi-transparent multifunctional metadevices where reflection reduction is important for their high efficiency.This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no19-73-30023), the Australian Research Council (grant DP200101168), andthe Strategic Fund of the Australian National Universit

Molecular alliance of Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus and a short unmodified antisense oligonucleotide of its anti-apoptotic IAP-3 gene: A novel approach for gypsy moth control

Baculovirus IAP (inhibitor-of-apoptosis) genes originated by capture of host genes. Unmodified short antisense DNA oligonucleotides (oligoDNAs) from baculovirus IAP genes can down-regulate specific gene expression profiles in both baculovirus-free and baculovirus-infected insects. In this study, gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae infected with multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV), and LdMNPV-free larvae, were treated with oligoDNA antisense to the RING (really interesting new gene) domain of the LdMNPV IAP-3 gene. The results with respect to insect mortality, biomass accumulation, histological studies, RT-PCR, and analysis of DNA apoptotic fragmentation suggest that oligoRING induced increased apoptotic processes in both LdMNPV-free and LdMNPV-infected insect cells, but were more pronounced in the latter. These data open up possibilities for promising new routes of insect pest control using antisense phosphodiester DNA oligonucleotides