An internet of things enabled framework to monitor the lifecycle of Cordyceps sinensis mushrooms

Cordyceps sinensis is an edible mushroom found in high quantities in the regions of the Himalayas and widely considered in traditional systems of medicine. It is a non-toxic remedy mushroom and has a high measure of clinical medical benefits including cancer restraint, high blood pressure, diabetes, asthma, depression, fatigue, immune disorder, and many infections of the upper respiratory tract. The cultivation of this kind of mushroom is limited to the region of the Sikkim and to cultivate in the other regions of the country, they are need of investigation and prediction of cordyceps sinensis mushroom lifecycle. From the studies, it is concluded that the precision-based agriculture techniques are limitedly explored for the prediction and growth of Cordyceps sinensis mushrooms. In this study, an internet of things (IoT) inspired framework is proposed to predict the lifecycle of Cordyceps sinensis mushrooms and also provide alternate substrate to cultivate Cordyceps sinensis mushrooms in other parts of the country. As a part of lifecycle prediction, a framework is proposed in this study. According to the findings, an IoT sensor-based system with the ideal moisture level of the mushroom rack is required for the growth of Cordyceps sinensis mushrooms

Role of Blockchain Technology Integration for Green Bonds Issuance with Sustainability Aspect

Green bonds have gained significant attention in supporting sustainable development goals for achieving sustainability. During the issuance of green bonds, there are a few concerns such as standardization, greenwashing, and lack of benefits that can be gained with green bonds. However, blockchain technology is a promising solution for green bond issuance because it has already shown its impact on different finance activities. This study aims to address and analyze the role and significance of green bond issuance for meeting sustainability with blockchain technology and also suggested recommendations for future research. Decentralized application based on the Algorand blockchain and high-level architecture proposed for the issuance of green bonds is at the primary level. There is no discussion regarding standardizing the environmental data, and the number of benefits gained by the green bond is not addressed in the previously published literature. From the analysis, it has been identified that a similar framework of blockchain cannot be implemented as the geographical and environmental parameters are quite different for every nation. So, every nation needs to customize the framework according to the nation's requirements. This study is the first attempt to combine information from previously published research about green bond issuance and integration of blockchain for green bond issuance, enlightening the disruption caused in the issuance of green

BINDING SITE ANALYSIS OF MICRORNAS TARGET INTERACTION FROM GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES

Objective: Identification of micro RNAs (miRNAs) as a biomarker to diagnose and treat auto immune diseases is a challenge in the era of post genomics and the ability to apply an accurate computational approach leads to the initiation of discovering novel biomarkers. Methods: Initially we have identified the list of genes from a database which contain a catalog of Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) and then we have identified the predicted miRNAs from TargetScan. Finally we have found the connectivity map between the gene and validated miRNA target from miRmap and the number of binding sites were analyzed for each pair (gene-miRNA). Results: We have applied the above mentioned approach to Psoriasis. In case of Psoriasis, 15 distinct genes are present in GWAS and among them; TRAF3IP2, KCNH7, CAST, NOS2, STAT2, IL23R and CoG6 contain predicted miRNAs in TargetScan. Finally, the number of mRNA binding sites were analyzed for miRNAs obtained from TargetScan and it has been found that the binding of hsa-miR-520d-5p and hsa-miR-524-5p with the mRNA of TRAF3IP2 is more stable than the binding of other miRNAs with their respective genes on the basis of binding site analysis and hence there is a maximum probability for the utilization of hsa-miR-520d-5p and hsa-miR-524-5p as a biomarker for Psoriasis. Conclusion: At present we have applied our model for Psoriasis. In future, we will be applying our methodology to other auto immune diseases for identifying a miRNA based biomarker. Keywords: miRNAs, auto immune diseases, post genomics, GWAS, TargetScan and miRma

Anhydrous sol-gel synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles: Evaluating their impact on protein interactions in biological systems

This study focused on the synthesis of anhydrous sol-gel synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using a hydrothermal route. The chemical properties of the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles were confirmed through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV–Vis spectroscopy, highlighting their optical features. Additionally, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDX) analysis revealed the high purity of the nanomaterial, while the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) displayed spherical particles ranging in size from ≥ 80 nm. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Raman and HRTEM analyses indicated that the nanomaterial exhibits an anatase and rutile structure. When, Hen Egg-White Lysozyme (HEWL) incubated with TiO2 led to notable changes: reduced fluorescence indicating protein unfolding, increased light scattering showing protein aggregation, the presence of amyloid fibrils and hydrophobic regions, and reduced enzyme activity. FTIR spectroscopy revealed amyloid structure formation, while Dynamic Light Scattering confirmed the presence of larger protein oligomers. These findings highlight TiO2's adverse impact on HEWL structure and function, emphasizing the need for further research on nanoparticle toxicity in biological systems, particularly in biomedical applications

Green synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and their multifaceted applications

Herein, we have prepared TiO2 photocatalyst using simple solution evaporation method for degradation of dye contaminant. The structural and optical possessions of the prepared photocatalyst have been categorized by a series of methods such as FTIR, XRD, SEM coupled with EDAX and UV-DRS. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2 nanoparticles were investigated by monitoring the degradation of solution of Methylene Blue (MB) as model dye molecule, using simulated solar irradiation. Photo-degradation experimental results point out that the prepared TiO2 photocatalyst exhibits advanced photocatalytic action over commercially available powder TiO2. The bacterial activity of TiO2 nanoparticles monitored by using E.coli and S.aureus bacterial strains. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized sample shows a good result against gram positive bacteria. The synthesized nano materials have great prospective to contribute in the wastewater treatment and bio-medical management technologies