Mathematical Prediction for BFRP Retrofitted after Fatigue Loading of Concrete Specimens

This paper deals with the experiment investigations on the Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymer composites wrapped concrete specimens for determining the mathematical prediction for retrofitting of concrete specimens. For the past three decades, fibres are being effectively utilized in engineering fields. Some countries do not have specified codes for structural designing of Fibre Reinforced Polymer composites. Especially for this situation, the mathematical predictions were determined by experimentally for Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymer composites retrofitted concrete. For this experiment, cubes, cylinders and prisms were cast using M30 grade concrete to analyze the characteristic strengths. The tests were carried out with and without Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymer wrapping and retrofitted after 0%, 30%, 60% and 90% fatigue loaded or preloaded specimens. The retrofitted specimens with Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymer wrapping, even after 90% fatigue loaded possess higher strength than conventional one. The observed readings were analyzed and mathematical prediction was developed by using readings and graphical representations. From the study, similar results were observed through experiments and mathematical predictions

Effect of harmones on callus induction in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Callus induction from explants is a critical process in regeneration, micropropagation and transformation of maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Formation of callus from plant tissues on culture is affected by several factors. This study revealed to establish the effect of genotype, source of explants and auxin concentration on callus induction from five genotypes UMI 757 (G1), UMI 615 (G2), UMI 112 (G3), UMI 285 (G4) and CO 1 (G5) and one hybrid CO H (M) 5 (G6). Callus induction of the six maize varieties was investigated using immature embryos (E1), leaf bits (E2), root tips (E3), hypocotyls (E4) and seeds (E5) as explants with different concentrations of hormones. In this study, immature embryo was taken from 10 to 12 days after pollination (DAP) to get maximum response. The highest percentage of callus induction was observed (99.10) in immature embryo culture and seed culture gave the highest percentage of rhizogenic callus formation when compare to immature embryo. Among the genotypes tested, CO H (M) 5 recorded the highest callus induction percentage on (2D2K2) medium composition

Assessing genetic diversity, allelic richness and genetic relationship among races in ICRISAT foxtail millet core collection

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) is an ideal crop for changing climate and food habits of peoples due to its short duration, high photosynthetic efficiency, nutritional richness and fair resistance to pest and diseases. However, foxtail millet yields are low mainly due to the lack of effort for its improvement and the lack of proper utilization of existing genetic variability. To enhance the use of diverse germplasm in breeding programmes, a core collection in foxtail millet consisting of 155 accessions was established. Core collection accessions were fingerprinted using 84 markers (81 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and three Expressed Sequence Tag (EST)-SSRs). Our results showed the presence of greater molecular diversity in the foxtail millet core collection. The 84 markers detected a total of 1356 alleles with an average of 16.14 alleles (4–35) per locus. Of these, 368 were rare alleles, 906 common alleles and 82 the most frequent alleles. Sixty-one unique alleles that were specific to a particular accession and useful for germplasm identification were also detected. In this study, the genetic diversity of foxtail millet was fairly correlated well with racial classification, and the race Indica showed a greater genetic distance from the races Maxima and Moharia. The pairwise estimate of dissimilarity was >0.50 except in 123 out of 11,935 pairs which indicated a greater genetic variability. Two hundred and fifty pairs of genetically most diverse accessions were identified. This large molecular variation observed in the core collection could be utilized effectively by breeders or researchers for the selection of diverse parents for breeding cultivars and the development of mapping populations

Chiral Magnetism and High-Temperature Skyrmions in B20-Ordered Co-Si

Magnets with chiral crystal structures and helical spin structures have recently attracted much attention as potential spin-electronics materials, but their relatively low magnetic-ordering temperatures are a disadvantage. While cobalt has long been recognized as an element that promotes high-temperature magnetic ordering, most Co-rich alloys are achiral and exhibit collinear rather than helimagnetic order. Crystallographically, the B20-ordered compound CoSi is an exception due to its chiral structure, but it does not exhibit any kind of magnetic order. Here, we use nonequilibrium processing to produce B20-ordered Co1+xSi1−x with a maximum Co solubility of x = 0.043. Above a critical excess-Co content (xc = 0.028), the alloys are magnetically ordered, and for x = 0.043, a critical temperature Tc = 328 K is obtained, the highest among all B20-type magnets. The crystal structure of the alloy supports spin spirals caused by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, and from magnetic measurements we estimate that the spirals have a periodicity of about 17 nm. Our density-functional calculations explain the combination of high magnetic- ordering temperature and short periodicity in terms of a quantum phase transition where excess-cobalt spins are coupled through the host matrix

Effect of harmones on callus induction in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Callus induction from explants is a critical process in regeneration, micropropagation and transformation of maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Formation of callus from plant tissues on culture is affected by several factors. This study revealed to establish the effect of genotype, source of explants and auxin concentration on callus induction from five genotypes UMI 757 (G1), UMI 615 (G2), UMI 112 (G3), UMI 285 (G4) and CO 1 (G5) and one hybrid CO H (M) 5 (G6). Callus induction of the six maize varieties was investigated using immature embryos (E1), leaf bits (E2), root tips (E3), hypocotyls (E4) and seeds (E5) as explants with different concentrations of hormones. In this study, immature embryo was taken from 10 to 12 days after pollination (DAP) to get maximum response. The highest percentage of callus induction was observed (99.10) in immature embryo culture and seed culture gave the highest percentage of rhizogenic callus formation when compare to immature embryo. Among the genotypes tested, CO H (M) 5 recorded the highest callus induction percentage on (2D2K2) medium composition

Management trend and safety of vaginal delivery for term breech fetuses in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan

AIM: To investigate the safety of vaginal delivery for term breech fetuses in a tertiary-care hospital of Pakistan.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of all live singleton breech deliveries at or beyond 37 weeks of gestation, at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 1988 to December 1995.Results: Rate of cesarean section increased from 48% (1988) to 74% (1995). Out of 287 subjects, 158 underwent elective cesarean section while 129 received a trial of labor, 77% of which delivered vaginally. There was no neonatal or maternal death. Compared to babies delivered by emergency or elective cesarean section, those delivered vaginally had significantly more neonatal intensive-care unit admissions (none and 5% versus 13%) and higher rates of birth trauma (none and 0.6% versus 7%). However, there was no significant difference in the Apgar score at 5 minutes and the risk of maternal complications by delivery mode.CONCLUSION: Allowing trial of labor to carefully selected mothers can result in vaginal delivery in 77% of the cases. However, the risk of trauma and neonatal intensive-care unit admissions, among vaginal births may favor the decision of elective cesarean section, unless rigorous pre-delivery assessment and conduct of delivery by adequately trained obstetricians is performed

Chiral Magnetism and High-Temperature Skyrmions in B20-Ordered Co-Si

Magnets with chiral crystal structures and helical spin structures have recently attracted much attention as potential spin-electronics materials, but their relatively low magnetic-ordering temperatures are a disadvantage. While cobalt has long been recognized as an element that promotes high-temperature magnetic ordering, most Co-rich alloys are achiral and exhibit collinear rather than helimagnetic order. Crystallographically, the B20-ordered compound CoSi is an exception due to its chiral structure, but it does not exhibit any kind of magnetic order. Here, we use nonequilibrium processing to produce B20-ordered Co1+xSi1−x with a maximum Co solubility of x = 0.043. Above a critical excess-Co content (xc = 0.028), the alloys are magnetically ordered, and for x = 0.043, a critical temperature Tc = 328 K is obtained, the highest among all B20-type magnets. The crystal structure of the alloy supports spin spirals caused by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, and from magnetic measurements we estimate that the spirals have a periodicity of about 17 nm. Our density-functional calculations explain the combination of high magnetic- ordering temperature and short periodicity in terms of a quantum phase transition where excess-cobalt spins are coupled through the host matrix

Discrepancy between cytogenetic and FISH results on an amniotic fluid sample of 45,X/46,X, idic(Y)(p11)

Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy154212-215FDTH

Towards improved perinatal care--perinatal audit.

Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore242211-21