Brownian dynamics of rigid particles in an incompressible fluctuating fluid by a meshfree method

A meshfree Lagrangian method for the fluctuating hydrodynamic equations (FHEs) with fluid-structure interactions is presented. Brownian motion of the particle is investigated by direct numerical simulation of the fluctuating hydrodynamic equations. In this framework a bidirectional coupling has been introduced between the fluctuating fluid and the solid object. The force governing the motion of the solid object is solely due to the surrounding fluid particles. Since a meshfree formulation is used, the method can be extended to many real applications involving complex fluid flows. A three-dimensional implementation is presented. In particular, we observe the short and long-time behaviour of the velocity autocorrelation function (VACF) of Brownian particles and compare it with the analytical expression. Moreover, the Stokes-Einstein relation is reproduced to ensure the correct long-time behaviour of Brownian dynamics.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figure

FAKTOR RISIKO LINGKUNGAN PADA KEJADIAN PENYAKIT ASMA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MANGKANG KOTA SEMARANG

Asma di Kota Semarang mengalami kenaikan jumlah dari tahun 2013 berjumlah 5040 kasus menjadi 5711 kasus pada tahun 2014. Prevalensi penyakit asma di Puskesmas Mangkang Kota Semarang sebesar 1,5% dengan jumlah kasus tahun 2014 dan 2015 sebanyak 117 dan 133 kasus. Selain adanya riwayat asma dalam keluarga, adanya partikulat pencemar udara juga berkontribusi terhadap timbulnya asma. Jenis partikulat diantaranya PM10 dan PM2,5. Partikulat pencemar udara di dalam rumah juga dipengaruhi kondisi fisik rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor risiko lingkungan dengan kejadian asma di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mangkang Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian case control. Besar sampel pada masing masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol sama yaitu 37 responden. Sampel pada kelompok kasus merupakan pasien yang didiagnosis menderita asma yang berobat di Puskesmas Mangkang Kota Semarang pada bulan November 2015-April 2016. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi Square. Rata rata suhu udara adalah 31 derajat Celcius, kelembaban udara 65%, dan konsentrasi PM10 585µg/m3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 8 variabel bebas yang diteliti terdapat 2 variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian asma yaitu kelembaban udara dalam rumah (p-value= 0,048; OR= 3,96; 95% CI= 1,140-13,756) dan keberadaan hewan peliharaan berbulu (p-value= 0,036; OR= 2,70; 95% CI= 1,056-6,941). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian asma di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mangkang Kota Semarang adalah kelembaban udara dalam rumah dan keberadaan hewan peliharaan. Kata Kunci: Asma, PM10, Pencemaran Udara, Semaran

Place-Branding and the Public Realm: a Typological Study of Public Spaces at Yas Island, Abu Dhabi

As cities worldwide compete to attract human resources and investment, Place Branding has emerged as a key urban development strategy. With the growing importance of tourism as a basis for building and diversifying the economy, Place Branding has played an instrumental role in marking a place as a destination. Creating and promoting the quality of place, lifestyle and availability of opportunities are regarded as critical measures when publicising the competitive advantage of a place. This research examines the nature of the public realm which is shaped primarily by Place Branding forces in the context of the Yas Island development in Abu Dhabi. The Yas Island, which gained international attention as the venue for the Formula One races in 2009 is also home to several notable attractions such as the Yas Waterworld, Yas Ferrari World and Yas Mall with still others in the pipeline. The research attempts to identify emerging public space typologies in branded environments such as that of Yas Island. A mixed-method qualitative approach is used to understand the context of the study area, followed by detailed analysis of smaller units of study. A framework for typological analysis of public spaces is proposed in order to discuss both the place characteristics and the network characteristics. In the final section, the paper discusses the need for greater awareness of emerging typologies and reports on findings which highlight areas for improvements in typological characteristics