5 research outputs found

    Recombinant Paracoccin Reproduces the Biological Properties of the Native Protein and Induces Protective Immunity against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Infection.

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    Paracoccina (PCN) Ă© um constituinte de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, um patĂłgeno humano que causa a paracoccidioidomicose, micose sistĂȘmica mais prevalente na AmĂ©rica Latina. A PCN Ă© uma proteĂ­na de função dual, com domĂ­nios de atividade lectĂ­nica e de N-acetilglicosaminidase. AnĂĄlises proteĂŽmicas da preparação paracoccina revelaram a sua correspondĂȘncia com uma proteĂ­na hipotĂ©tica de P. brasiliensis do isolado 18 (Pb18), anotada como PADG-3347.1, que tem sequĂȘncia polipeptĂ­dica semelhante a famĂ­lia das endoquitinases 18. Essas endoquitinases apresentam domĂ­nios distintos de atividade lectĂ­nica e enzimĂĄtica. O conjunto de exons do gene correspondente, PADG-3347.1, foi clonado e expresso em E. coli, e as caracterĂ­sticas fĂ­sicas e biolĂłgicas da proteĂ­na recombinante foram comparadas com as da PCN. AlĂ©m disso, a PADG-03347.1 recombinante (rPCN) foi avaliada por suas propriedades imunomoduladoras e sua capacidade em conferir proteção contra a infecção por P. brasiliensis. Nesse sentido, investigamos a interferĂȘncia da administração profilĂĄtica e terapĂȘutica de rPCN no curso da infecção por P. brasiliensis em camundongos BALB/c. A histopatologia pulmonar dos camundongos tratados com a rPCN, mostrou menor ocorrĂȘncia de granulomas, e estes tambĂ©m foram menores do que os observados nos animais controles. Consistente com a observação de poucas leveduras no centro dos granulomas, a contagem de UFC a partir do homogenato pulmonar dos camundongos tratados foi inferior ao observado nos animais controles. AlĂ©m disso, a administração de rPCN, foi associada com altos nĂ­veis de IL-12, IFN-, TNF-, NO e IL-10 detectados no homogenato pulmonar. Os altos nĂ­veis de citocinas produzidos nos animais tratados com rPCN nos levou a investigar a ocorrĂȘncia de interação da lectina com receptores presentes em cĂ©lulas da imunidade inata, tais como TLR2 e TLR4. Verificamos que a rPCN ativa TLR2, nas formas homo ou heterodimĂ©rica, e TLR4, de modo independente dos correceptores CD14 e CD36. Estes dados revelam um possĂ­vel mecanismo pelo qual rPCN gera proteção nos camundongos contra a PCM. rPCN, administrada terapĂȘutica ou profilaticamente, induz a ativação de TLRs e imunidade Th1, conferindo proteção contra a infecção por P. brasiliensis.Paracoccin is a constituent of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a human pathogen that causes paracoccidioidomycosis, the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. Paracoccin is a dual function protein exerting lectin and N-acetylglucosaminidase activities. Proteomic analysis of paracoccin preparation revealed its correspondence with a hypothetical protein from P. brasiliensis isolate Pb18 (Pb18), annotated as PADG-3347.1, which has a polypeptide sequence similar to the family 18 endochitinases. These endochitinases have distinct lectin and enzymatic domains. The multi-exon assembly of the correspondent gene (PADG-3347) was cloned and expressed in E. coli, and the physical and biological features of the recombinant protein were compared to those of the native paracoccin. Moreover, recombinant PADG-3347.1 (rPCN) was evaluated for its immunomodulatory properties and its ability to confer protection against murine P. brasiliensis infection. Thus, we investigated the interference of prophylactic and therapeutic administration of rPCN on the course of P. brasiliensis infection in BALB/c mice. The pulmonary histopathology of the treated mice showed lower incidence of granulomas, which were also smaller than those observed in the control animals. Consistently with the observation of few yeasts in the center of the granulomas, the CFU count provided by lung homogenates of treated mice was lower than the provided by control mice. Furthermore, administration of rPCN was associated with higher levels of IL-12, IFN-, TNF-, NO and IL-10, detected in the lung homogenates of animals. The high levels of cytokines produced in the rPCN treated mice prompted us to investigate the occurrence of interaction of the lectin with receptors present in innate immune cells, such as TLR2 and TLR4. We verified that rPCN activates TLR2,in homo or heterodimeric forms, and TLR4, in a manner that does not depend on CD14 and CD36 coreceptors. These data reveal a possible mechanism by which rPCN generates protection in mice against PCM. rPCN, administered therapeutic or prophylactically, induces TLRs activation and Th1 immunity, conferring protection against P. brasiliensis infection

    Recombinant Paracoccin Reproduces the Biological Properties of the Native Protein and Induces Protective Immunity against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Infection.

    No full text
    Paracoccina (PCN) Ă© um constituinte de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, um patĂłgeno humano que causa a paracoccidioidomicose, micose sistĂȘmica mais prevalente na AmĂ©rica Latina. A PCN Ă© uma proteĂ­na de função dual, com domĂ­nios de atividade lectĂ­nica e de N-acetilglicosaminidase. AnĂĄlises proteĂŽmicas da preparação paracoccina revelaram a sua correspondĂȘncia com uma proteĂ­na hipotĂ©tica de P. brasiliensis do isolado 18 (Pb18), anotada como PADG-3347.1, que tem sequĂȘncia polipeptĂ­dica semelhante a famĂ­lia das endoquitinases 18. Essas endoquitinases apresentam domĂ­nios distintos de atividade lectĂ­nica e enzimĂĄtica. O conjunto de exons do gene correspondente, PADG-3347.1, foi clonado e expresso em E. coli, e as caracterĂ­sticas fĂ­sicas e biolĂłgicas da proteĂ­na recombinante foram comparadas com as da PCN. AlĂ©m disso, a PADG-03347.1 recombinante (rPCN) foi avaliada por suas propriedades imunomoduladoras e sua capacidade em conferir proteção contra a infecção por P. brasiliensis. Nesse sentido, investigamos a interferĂȘncia da administração profilĂĄtica e terapĂȘutica de rPCN no curso da infecção por P. brasiliensis em camundongos BALB/c. A histopatologia pulmonar dos camundongos tratados com a rPCN, mostrou menor ocorrĂȘncia de granulomas, e estes tambĂ©m foram menores do que os observados nos animais controles. Consistente com a observação de poucas leveduras no centro dos granulomas, a contagem de UFC a partir do homogenato pulmonar dos camundongos tratados foi inferior ao observado nos animais controles. AlĂ©m disso, a administração de rPCN, foi associada com altos nĂ­veis de IL-12, IFN-, TNF-, NO e IL-10 detectados no homogenato pulmonar. Os altos nĂ­veis de citocinas produzidos nos animais tratados com rPCN nos levou a investigar a ocorrĂȘncia de interação da lectina com receptores presentes em cĂ©lulas da imunidade inata, tais como TLR2 e TLR4. Verificamos que a rPCN ativa TLR2, nas formas homo ou heterodimĂ©rica, e TLR4, de modo independente dos correceptores CD14 e CD36. Estes dados revelam um possĂ­vel mecanismo pelo qual rPCN gera proteção nos camundongos contra a PCM. rPCN, administrada terapĂȘutica ou profilaticamente, induz a ativação de TLRs e imunidade Th1, conferindo proteção contra a infecção por P. brasiliensis.Paracoccin is a constituent of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a human pathogen that causes paracoccidioidomycosis, the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. Paracoccin is a dual function protein exerting lectin and N-acetylglucosaminidase activities. Proteomic analysis of paracoccin preparation revealed its correspondence with a hypothetical protein from P. brasiliensis isolate Pb18 (Pb18), annotated as PADG-3347.1, which has a polypeptide sequence similar to the family 18 endochitinases. These endochitinases have distinct lectin and enzymatic domains. The multi-exon assembly of the correspondent gene (PADG-3347) was cloned and expressed in E. coli, and the physical and biological features of the recombinant protein were compared to those of the native paracoccin. Moreover, recombinant PADG-3347.1 (rPCN) was evaluated for its immunomodulatory properties and its ability to confer protection against murine P. brasiliensis infection. Thus, we investigated the interference of prophylactic and therapeutic administration of rPCN on the course of P. brasiliensis infection in BALB/c mice. The pulmonary histopathology of the treated mice showed lower incidence of granulomas, which were also smaller than those observed in the control animals. Consistently with the observation of few yeasts in the center of the granulomas, the CFU count provided by lung homogenates of treated mice was lower than the provided by control mice. Furthermore, administration of rPCN was associated with higher levels of IL-12, IFN-, TNF-, NO and IL-10, detected in the lung homogenates of animals. The high levels of cytokines produced in the rPCN treated mice prompted us to investigate the occurrence of interaction of the lectin with receptors present in innate immune cells, such as TLR2 and TLR4. We verified that rPCN activates TLR2,in homo or heterodimeric forms, and TLR4, in a manner that does not depend on CD14 and CD36 coreceptors. These data reveal a possible mechanism by which rPCN generates protection in mice against PCM. rPCN, administered therapeutic or prophylactically, induces TLRs activation and Th1 immunity, conferring protection against P. brasiliensis infection

    Produção de invertases termoeståveis por Aspergillus caespitosus em fermentação submersa e em estado sólido usando resíduos agroindustriais como fonte de carbono

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    The filamentous fungus Aspergillus caespitosus was a good producer of intracellular and extracellular invertases under submerged (SbmF) or solid-state fermentation (SSF), using agroindustrial residues, such as wheat bran, as carbon source. The production of extracellular enzyme under SSF at 30ÂșC, for 72h, was enhanced using SR salt solution (1:1, w/v) to humidify the substrate. The extracellular activity under SSF using wheat bran was around 5.5-fold higher than that obtained in SbmF (Khanna medium) with the same carbon source. However, the production of enzyme with wheat bran plus oat meal was 2.2-fold higher than wheat bran isolated. The enzymatic production was affected by supplementation with nitrogen and phosphate sources. The addition of glucose in SbmF and SSF promoted the decreasing of extracellular activity, but the intracellular form obtained in SbmF was enhanced 3-5-fold. The invertase produced in SSF exhibited optimum temperature at 50ÂșC while the extraand intracellular enzymes produced in SbmF exhibited maximal activities at 60ÂșC. All enzymatic forms exhibited maximal activities at pH 4.0-6.0 and were stable up to 1 hour at 50ÂșC.O fungo filamentoso Aspergillus caespitosus foi um bom produtor de invertases intracelular e extracelular em fermentação submersa (FSbm) ou em estado sĂłlido (FES), usando resĂ­duos agroindustriais como fonte de carbono, sendo que para ambas as condiçÔes de cultivo, a maior produtividade foi obtida empregandose farelo de trigo. A produção da forma extracelular em FES mantido a 30ÂșC, por 72 horas, foi aumentada usandose solução de sais SR (1:1, m/v) para umidificar o substrato, sendo aproximadamente 5,5 vezes maior se comparada a FSbm (Meio Khanna) com a mesma fonte de carbono. Entretanto, a mistura de farelo de trigo e farinha de aveia em FES levou a um aumento de 2,2 vezes na produção enzimĂĄtica se comparada ao uso isolado do farelo de trigo. A produção enzimĂĄtica, em ambas as condiçÔes de cultivo, foi afetada pela adição suplementar de fontes de nitrogĂȘnio e fosfato. A adição de glicose em FSbm e em FES promoveu a diminuição da enzima extracelular, mas favoreceu um acĂșmulo intracelular de 35 vezes maior. A temperatura Ăłtima de atividade para as invertases produzidas em FES e em FSbm foi de 50ÂșC e 60ÂșC, respectivamente, sendo estĂĄveis a 50ÂșC por mais de 60 minutos. Todas as formas enzimĂĄticas apresentaram atividade mĂĄxima em uma faixa de pH de 4.0-6.0.Fundação de Amparo Ă  Pesquisa do Estado de SĂŁo Paulo (FAPESP)(CNPq) Conselho de Desenvolvimento CientĂ­fico e TecnolĂłgic

    Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

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    Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)
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