Liability for damage in sport (croatian positive law)

Razvojem sporta, a ujedno i sportskog prava, odštetna odgovornost postaje njegov sve značajniji dio. Posljedica je to rastućih sportskih ambicija i pomicanja fizičkih granica u sportu, koje za sudionike rezultiraju i većim rizikom od ozljeda, ali ujedno i sve potpunije i detaljnije pravne regulacije u sportu – koja onda rezultira i odgovornošću svakog onog koji ta pravila povrijedi. Autorice su u radu predstavile pravni okvir odštetne odgovornosti kao izuzetno važnog dijela sportskog prava u Republici Hrvatskoj.With the development of sport, and at the same time sports law, liability for damages is becoming an increasingly important part of it. This is a consequence of growing sports ambitions and shifting physical boundaries in sports, which results in greater risk of injury for participants, but also of more complete and detailed legal regulations in sports - which then results in the responsibility of anyone who violates these rules. In this paper, the authors present the legal framework of liability as a exceptionally important part of sports law in the Republic of Croatia

Inhalation plus intravenous colistin versus intravenous colistin alone for treatment of ventilator associated pneumonia

In the setting of intensive care units the incidences of multi-drug resistant gram-negative (MDR-GN) pathogens causing ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) has increased, leading clinicians to use colistin. Our aim was to assess outcomes associated with the use of inhalation and intravenous colisitn versus only intravenous colistin in patients with MDR-GN VAP. A retrospective, single centre study at University Hospital Centre, Zagreb. Patients were divided in two groups, according to their administration of antibiotics – inhalation and intravenous (INH+IV) administration for 8 patients or intravenous only (IV) administration for 23 patients. The results showed that demographic and clinical characteristics and the gram negative pathogens isolated were similar between the two groups, except for K. pneumoniae, which was higher in the IV group. No statistically significant difference between the two groups were observed regarding intensive care unit mortality (P=0.951), sepsis (P=0.474), acute respiratory distress syndrome (P=0.548), length of ICU stay (P=0.686) and length of mechanical ventilation (P=0.858). A statistically significant difference was found regarding the eradication of pathogens in respiratory cultures (P= 0.018). The addition of inhalation to intravenous colistin in MDR-GN VAP improves microbiologic outcome, but does not improve ICU mortality in these patients. Larger prospective trials are warranted to confirm the benefit of adjunctive inhalation colistin as a MDR-GN VAP therapy in the critically ill

EARLY INTERVENTION PROGRAMME FOR PATIENTS WITH PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS IN “SVETI IVAN”. PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL (RIPEPP) - SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PARTICIPANTS

Background: Psychiatric hospital "Sveti Ivan" in Zagreb, Croatia, offers an outpatient Early intervention programme for patients with psychotic disorders (RIPEPP), consisting of psychoeducational workshops and group psychodynamic psychotherapy. The aim of this study was to describe sociodemographic and baseline characteristics of the participants, in order to provide better understanding of this population, and to assist with the development of more effective therapeutic approaches. Subjects and methods: Since 2008, a total of 245 patients with first episodes of psychosis and their family members participated in the programme. They filled out several questionnaires within the framework of the programme evaluation, but for the purposes of this study, only data collected on sociodemographic questionnaire and the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) are presented. Results: Majority of the participants were male (66%), at the average age of 28 (SD=6.6), living with their parents (73.5%). Most of them finished secondary school (45.7%) but almost a quarter of the sample (23.7%) is currently studying at university. The average duration of untreated period was 101.60 days, with a median of 30 days. According to results of HONOS questionnaire, upon entry into the programme, the patients most often listed cognitive functioning (attention, concentration, memory) and professional issues (performance of work tasks and activities tied to work) as the most problematic areas. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide more detailed description of the beneficiaries of the RIPEPP programme, which can contribute to forming future programmes for the prevention of psychotic disorders

Smjernice za opstruktivnu apneju u spavanju

Poremećaji disanja tijekom spavanja vrlo su česti i u odraslih i u djece. Opstruktivna apneja u spavanju (OSA) najčešći je poremećaj disanja tijekom spavanja i ozbiljan javnozdravstveni problem. OSA je kronična bolest udružena s kardiovaskularnim i metaboličkim poremećajima. Prevalencija OSA kreće se između 2% i 4% u odrasloj populaciji. Dijagnoza OSA postavlja se cjelonoćnom polisomnografijom ili kardiorespi-racijskom poligrafijom a endoskopskim pregledom gornjeg dišnog puta za vrijeme medikamentozno induciranog spavanja (eng. drug induced sleep endoscopy – DISE). Određujemo mjesto, težinu i konfiguraciju opstrukcije. Na temelju dobivenih nalaza moguće je planirati individualnu konzervativnu i kiruršku terapiju

Utjecaj hijaluronske kiseline, kalcijeva hidroksida i dentinskih adheziva na odontoblaste i fibroblaste štakora

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and efficiency of pulp capping preparations based on hyaluronic acid, calcium hydroxide, and dentin adhesive on the pulp tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were killed and extracted teeth sectioned transversely through the pulp. The slices were placed in a RPMI 1640 cell culture medium supplemented with 10 % foetal calf serum. During 14 days of cultivation cultures were treated with preparations that contained hyaluronic acid (Gengigel Prof®), and calcium hydroxide (ApexCal®), or with dentin adhesive (Excite®). Cellularity and viability of fibroblasts and odontoblasts was analysed using a haemocytometer. Hyaluronic acid proved most efficient and the least toxic for direct pulp capping. Even though calcium hydroxide and dentin adhesive demonstrated a higher degree of cytotoxicity, their effects were still acceptable in terms of biocompatibility.Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti djelovanje preparata na bazi hijaluronske kiseline i kalcijeva hidroksida te dentinskog adheziva na pulpno tkivo Sprague-Dawley štakora u svrhu procjene učinkovitosti navedenih materijala kod direktnog prekrivanja pulpe. Izvađeni zubi transverzalno su podijeljeni kroz pulpu. Naresci su uzgajani u RPMI 1640 staničnom mediju obogaćenom s 10 % fetalnoga telećeg seruma u plastičnim bočicama za staničnu kulturu. Kulture su tijekom 14 dana tretirane preparatima s hijaluronskom kiselinom (Gengigel Prof®), kalcijevim hidroksidom (ApexCal®) i dentinskim adhezivom (Excite®). Nakon 14 dana pristupilo se analizi staničnosti i vijabilnosti s pomoću hemocitometra. Iako su preparati na bazi kalcijeva hidroksida i dentinski adheziv pokazali nešto viši stupanj citotoksičnosti, dobiveni su rezultati u granicama biokompatibilnosti. Primjena preparata na bazi hijaluronske kiseline postigla je najbolje rezultate te se ovaj materijal pokazao najboljim za direktno prekrivanje pulpe između tri ispitivana preparata

Uloga fizioterapeuta u poticanju prilagodbe adolescenata na hospitalizaciju

Adolescenti čine specifičnu skupinu pacijenata.Ne smatraju se odraslim, ali više nisu ni djeca. Zbog toga, oni su specifična skupina kada je u pitanju hospitalizacija. Nažalost, to se često zaboravlja pa se adolescenti često na odjelu nađu smješteni ili s djecom ili s odraslima. Iako je jasno da bi bilo od velike koristi za sam proces liječenja, da adolescenti čine zaseban odjel, u praksi to najčešće nije tako. U procesu prilagodbe adolescenata na hospitalizaciju, veliku ulogu uz ostalo medicinsko osoblje svakako ima fizioterapeut. Fizioterapeut je, pogotovo za adolescente, poveznica između socijalnog, psihološkog i fizičkog aspekta boravka u bolnici. Zbog toga nas zanima točna uloga fizioterapeuta u tom procesu i kako on može doprinijeti pozitivnoj promjeni u sustavu. Osim liječenja fizičkog aspekta razloga hospitalizacije, zanima nas kako fizioterapeut može utjecati na smanjenje stresa i anksioznosti kod adolescenata. Također, osim raznim načina smanjenja stresa i anksioznosti uz pomoć fizioterapeuta, od interesa je saznati koja intervencija bi bila najisplativija i najšire moguće primjenjivana u Hrvatskoj. Vođeni time, interes se sveo na vježbe disanja kao idealan izbor ne samo za adolescente već i za sve dobne skupine koje su primorane na proces hospitalizacije

Uloga fizioterapeuta u poticanju prilagodbe adolescenata na hospitalizaciju

Adolescenti čine specifičnu skupinu pacijenata.Ne smatraju se odraslim, ali više nisu ni djeca. Zbog toga, oni su specifična skupina kada je u pitanju hospitalizacija. Nažalost, to se često zaboravlja pa se adolescenti često na odjelu nađu smješteni ili s djecom ili s odraslima. Iako je jasno da bi bilo od velike koristi za sam proces liječenja, da adolescenti čine zaseban odjel, u praksi to najčešće nije tako. U procesu prilagodbe adolescenata na hospitalizaciju, veliku ulogu uz ostalo medicinsko osoblje svakako ima fizioterapeut. Fizioterapeut je, pogotovo za adolescente, poveznica između socijalnog, psihološkog i fizičkog aspekta boravka u bolnici. Zbog toga nas zanima točna uloga fizioterapeuta u tom procesu i kako on može doprinijeti pozitivnoj promjeni u sustavu. Osim liječenja fizičkog aspekta razloga hospitalizacije, zanima nas kako fizioterapeut može utjecati na smanjenje stresa i anksioznosti kod adolescenata. Također, osim raznim načina smanjenja stresa i anksioznosti uz pomoć fizioterapeuta, od interesa je saznati koja intervencija bi bila najisplativija i najšire moguće primjenjivana u Hrvatskoj. Vođeni time, interes se sveo na vježbe disanja kao idealan izbor ne samo za adolescente već i za sve dobne skupine koje su primorane na proces hospitalizacije

Application of financial technology in the financial industry

FinTech je postao ključan faktor u financijskoj industriji, pružajući nove načine za upravljanje financijama, pružanje financijskih usluga i korištenje financijskih instrumenata. Online bankarstvo, mobilno plaćanje, digitalni novčanici, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer lending, robosavjetovanje i automatizirano ulaganje, kriptovalute i blockchain tehnologija su primjeri primjene FinTech-a u financijskoj industriji. FinTech ima prednosti kao što su brzina, jednostavnost, transparentnost i niže naknade, ali isto tako postoje i izazovi i rizici koji moraju biti uzeti u obzir. FinTech je disruptivna sila u financijskoj industriji koja će nastaviti mijenjati način na koji se obavljaju financijske transakcije i pružaju financijske usluge. Kako bi se osigurala sigurnost, transparentnost i zaštita potrošača, regulacija FinTech-a je važna, a vlasti moraju raditi na razvoju pravila i propisa koji odgovaraju razvoju FinTech-a. Postoje i izazovi u primjeni FinTech-a, uključujući regulativne izazove, sigurnosne rizike i mogućnost zlouporabe. Međutim, FinTech i dalje ima veliku mogućnost za daljnji razvoj, posebno u području umjetne inteligencije, strojnog učenja i blockchain tehnologije. FinTech također može pomoći u poboljšanju financijske inkluzije, što će biti važan faktor u unaprjeđivanju financijske industrije

A New Method for Testing the Breaking Force of a Polylactic Acid-Fabric Joint for the Purpose of Making a Protective Garment

3D printing is a technology that is increasingly used in the individualization of clothing, especially in the construction of garments for people with disabilities. The paper presents a study on the use of 3D printed knee protectors intended for wheelchair users. Due to the specific purpose of this 3D printed object, the breaking force of the polylactic acid (PLA) combined with 100% cotton and 100% polyester fabric was investigated. This paper will also describe a new method for testing the breaking force of a 3D printed polymer (PLA) combined with an incorporated fabric. Test samples were made, and the input parameters used in 3D printing were defined for testing purposes. A 3D knee protector for wheelchair users was developed based on a digitized model of the human body. The durability of the shape of the 3D printed shield was also tested after washing at temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C. A clothing model that provides adequate user protection was proposed based on the conducted research. A construction solution has been proposed that enables the application of a 3D printed individualized garment element

Topic modelling of Croatian news during COVID-19 pandemic

This paper addresses topic modelling in Croatian news articles related to COVID-19 pandemics and corresponding comments. We identify and analyze Croatian online news media's main topics for the first nine months of pandemics shedding some light on the leading themes covered in news articles and corresponding comments. Topics are derived automatically by training the model and calculating topics' coherence values. We report the results by listing the top 15 detected words in top 10 detected topics from the content of articles and corresponding comments. Our findings include the analysis of intersected topics and discussion of dissents. Obtained results are the first step toward better information monitoring and hopefully mitigating the infodemics effect in Croatia