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    Histological and morphometric investigations of changes induced by the RAL strain of Trypanosoma cruzi in the mouse placenta

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    Camundongos suíços prenhes(Mus musculus)foram inoculados, intraperitonealmente, com 2 x 10(5) tripomastigotas da cepa RAL de Trypanosoma cruzino 7º dia da prenhez e sacrificados no 19º dia da prenhez. Foram realizados cortes histológicos para avaliar as alterações histológicas e morfométricas das placentas. A cepa RAL mostrou intenso tropismo pela placenta, com parasitismo atingindo as três camadas placentárias. Houve envolvimento da parte materna e fetal das placentas, bem como das células gigantes e dos espongioblastos. As placentas dos animais infectados apresentaram escassas áreas de degeneração e necrose, com calcificação distrófica exígua na decídua. O processo inflamatório era constituído de plasmócitos e linfócitos, revelando comprometimento da decídua. O estudo citométrico das células trofoblásticas gigantes mostrou que as placentas do grupo infectado foram bastante afetadas, inclusive no que se refere ao volume celular. As alterações provocadas pela cepa RAL sobre as células trofoblásticas e a diferença de comportamento observado nas populações celulares das diversas regiões placentárias podem afetar o desenvolvimento intra-uterino, provavelmente por uma produção deficiente de hormônios, tais como o lactogênio placentário, que atua como hormônio de crescimento fetal, ou indiretamente, mediante uma invasão decidual deficiente causada por uma vascularização útero-placentária ineficiente, prejudicando desta maneira a nutrição fetal.Pregnant Swiss mice (Mus musculus) were inoculated intraperitoneally with 2 x 10(5) trypomastigotes of the RAL strain of Trypanosoma cruzi on the 7th day of pregnancy and sacrificed on the 19th day of pregnancy. The placenta was sectioned for the assessment of histological and morphometric changes. The RAL strain showed intense tropism for the placenta, with parasitism reaching the three placental layers. There was involvement of the maternal and fetal portions of the placentas, and also of giant cells and spongioblasts. The placentas of infected animals presented sparse areas of degeneration and necrosis, with mild dystrophic calcification of the decidua. The inflammatory process consisted of plasmocytes and lymphocytes, revealing involvement of the decidua. Cytometric study of giant trophoblastic cells showed that the placentas of the infected group were seriously affected, also with respect to cell volume. The changes provoked by the RAL strain in the trophoblastic cells and the difference in behavior observed in the cell population of the various placental regions may affect intrauterine development, probably by a deficient production of hormones such as placental lactogen, which acts as a fetal growth hormone, or indirectly by deficient tissue invasion caused by inefficient utero-placental vascularization, thus impairing fetal nutrition

    Histometría de la glándula sublingual de ratones (Mus musculus) machos y hembras infectados con la cepa RAL del parásito de Chagas, Trypanosoma cruzi

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    Analizamos morfológica e histométricamente la glándula sublingual de ratones infectados con la cepa RAL del Trypanosoma cruzi, en machos y hembras. Usamos ratones albinos (Mus musculus), variedad Swiss, inoculados con 2x104 tripomastigotes sanguíneos de la cepa RAL del T. cruzi.. Sacrificamos los animales en el pico de la parasitemia (12º día) y fijamos las glándulas sublinguales en ALFAC. Los cortes histológicos teñidos con HE fueron evaluados histométricamente (cariometría y estereología). La parasitemia fue más elevada en las hembras. Histopatológicamente, los "ácinos" (acini) de los animales infectados eran menores, con escasa secreción, y conductos estriados menores. Los núcleos de las "medialunas" eran menores y había nidos de amastigotes en el citoplasma. Cariométricamente, los núcleos de los ácinos, medialunas y conductos estriados eran menores en los ratones infectados. Estereológicamente, los volúmenes relativos ocupados por ácinos y conductos estriados fueron menores e, inversamente, fue mayor el volumen para el tejido conjuntivo de los machos infectados. Las densidades de superficie de ácinos y conductos fueron mayores, y el diámetro y el espesor de la pared menores, en este grupo. Por otro lado, la densidad de ácinos fue menor, y las de los conductos estriados y tejido conjuntivo, fueron mayores en las hembras infectadas. Las densidades de superficie de ácinos y conductos estriados fueron mayores, mientras que el diámetro y espesor de la pared de los ácinos fueron menores (y las de los conductos estriados mayores), en este grupo. La cepa RAL del T. cruzi causó un cuadro general de atrofia general en la glándula sublingual, con numerosos nidos de parásitos.<br>Histometry of the sublingual gland in male and female mice (Mus musculus) infected with the RAL strain of the Chagas parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi. The aim of this work was to analyze histologically and histometrically the sublingual gland of mice infected with the RAL strain of T. cruzi, according to the sex. Swiss mice (Mus musculus) were inoculated with 2x104 blood trypomastigotes of the RAL strain of T. cruzi. in the peak of the parasitemia (12th day) the mice were sacrificed, and the sublingual glands were fixed in ALFAC. HE-stained histological sections were evaluated histometrically. The parasitemia was higher in females. Histopatologically, acini of the infected animals were smaller, with scanty production of secretion, and smaller striated ducts. The nuclei of the demilunes were smaller and showed amastigote nests in the cytoplasm. Karyometrically, nuclei of the acini, demilunes and striated ducts were smaller in the infected mice. Stereologically, it was observed that relative volumes of acini and ducts were smaller and, inversely, relative volumen were greater for the conjunctive tissue in the infected males. The surface densities of acini and ducts were bigger and the diameter and thickness of the wall were smaller in this group. On the other hand, relative volume of acini was smaller and those of the ducts and conjunctive tissue were bigger in the infected females. The diameter and thickness of the wall of acini were smaller, and those of the striated ducts were bigger in this group. The RAL strain of T. cruzi caused general atrophy in the sublingual gland, with numerous nests of parasites in the glandular parenchyma. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (2): 459-471. Epub 2008 June 30
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