Hierarchical Radio Resource Optimization for Heterogeneous Networks with Enhanced Inter-cell Interference Coordination (eICIC)

Interference is a major performance bottleneck in Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) due to its multi-tier topological structure. We propose almost blank resource block (ABRB) for interference control in HetNet. When an ABRB is scheduled in a macro BS, a resource block (RB) with blank payload is transmitted and this eliminates the interference from this macro BS to the pico BSs. We study a two timescale hierarchical radio resource management (RRM) scheme for HetNet with dynamic ABRB control. The long term controls, such as dynamic ABRB, are adaptive to the large scale fading at a RRM server for co-Tier and cross-Tier interference control. The short term control (user scheduling) is adaptive to the local channel state information within each BS to exploit the multi-user diversity. The two timescale optimization problem is challenging due to the exponentially large solution space. We exploit the sparsity in the interference graph of the HetNet topology and derive structural properties for the optimal ABRB control. Based on that, we propose a two timescale alternative optimization solution for the user scheduling and ABRB control. The solution has low complexity and is asymptotically optimal at high SNR. Simulations show that the proposed solution has significant gain over various baselines.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figure

Stress-Energy Tensor Induced by Bulk Dirac Spinor in Randall-Sundrum Model

Motivated by the possible extension into a supersymmetric Randall-Sundrum (RS) model, we investigate the properties of the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the stress-energy tensor for a quantized bulk Dirac spinor field in the RS geometry and compare it with that for a real scalar field. This is carried out via the Green function method based on first principles without invoking the degeneracy factor, whose validity in a warp geometry is a priori unassured. In addition, we investigate the local behavior of the Casimir energy near the two branes. One salient feature we found is that the surface divergences near the two branes have opposite signs. We argue that this is a generic feature of the fermionic Casimir energy density due to its parity transformation in the fifth dimension. Furthermore, we investigate the self-consistency of the RS metric under the quantum correction due to the stress-energy tensor. It is shown that the VEV of the stress-energy tensor and the classical one become comparable near the visible brane if k ~ M ~ M_Pl (the requirement of no hierarchy problem), where k is the curvature of the RS warped geometry and M the 5-dimensional Planck mass. In that case the self-consistency of RS model that includes bulk fields is in doubt. If, however, k <~ M, then an approximate self-consistency of the RS-type metric may still be satisfied.Comment: 7 pages with 2 figure

Phonon arithmetic in a trapped ion system

Single-quantum level operations are important tools to manipulate a quantum state. Annihilation or creation of single particles translates a quantum state to another by adding or subtracting a particle, depending on how many are already in the given state. The operations are probabilistic and the success rate has yet been low in their experimental realization. Here we experimentally demonstrate (near) deterministic addition and subtraction of a bosonic particle, in particular a phonon of ionic motion in a harmonic potential. We realize the operations by coupling phonons to an auxiliary two-level system and applying transitionless adiabatic passage. We show handy repetition of the operations on various initial states and demonstrate by the reconstruction of the density matrices that the operations preserve coherences. We observe the transformation of a classical state to a highly non-classical one and a Gaussian state to a non-Gaussian one by applying a sequence of operations deterministically

Comportement de nouvelles lignées isogéniques de riz irrigué dotées du gène de résistance (rymv1) au RYMV en Afrique de l’ouest : situation en Côte d’Ivoire

La production rizicole nationale en Côte d’Ivoire est déficitaire depuis plusieurs années pour des raisons diverses parmi lesquelles les pertes de récolte dues à la panachure jaune (RYMV), notamment en riziculture irriguée, constituent l’une des principales. Des efforts de recherche ont abouti à la sélection de deux variétés de riz résistantes (Bouaké-am et WAS63-22-5-1-7-7-RPJ) pour relayer les variétés Bouaké 189 et WITA9 plus ou moins sensibles à la maladie. Cependant, face à la diversité biologique du RYMV, la recherche d’autres génotypes de riz résistants se poursuit. Aussi, des essais ont-ils été conduits en milieux réel et contrôlé afin de sélectionner au sein de génotypes de riz les individus résistants avec en plus un bon profil agronomique. Le dispositif expérimental adopté dans l’ensemble a été un bloc de Fischer à 4 répétitions. En milieu réel, les travaux ont eu pour sites Sogbonon (Dabakala, au Centre), Kouitongouiné (Man, à l’Ouest) et Tiassalé (au Sud), des localités traditionnellement endémiques de panachure jaune. Les résultats ont révélé en général que les quatre lignées isogéniques (NIL2, NIL16, NIL54, NIL130) présentent un haut niveau de résistance face à la diversité biologique du RYMV en Côte d’Ivoire. Cette information permet d’envisager le déploiement, sans grand risque de contournement du gène rymv1-2 présent dans les lignées isogéniques. Par ailleurs, NIL130 et secondairement NIL2 se sont distinguées au niveau agronomique. Par conséquent, la variété NIL130 peut être une alternative à WITA9 et Bouaké 189 pour la riziculture irriguée en Côte d’Ivoire. Cependant, pour que cette variété exprime son potentiel agronomique, il faut entre autres un bon aménagement hydro-agricole du bassin de culture. Cela suppose, un travail de sol approprié et une maîtrise dans la gestion de l’eau d’irrigation.Mots clés: Sélection, panachure jaune, riziculture aquatique, variété, milieu semi-contrôlé, milieu réel

NLO-QCD corrections to e+ e- --> hadrons in models of TeV-scale gravity

We present results on NLO-QCD corrections to the process e+ e- --> hadrons via photon-, Z- and graviton-exchange in the context of TeV-scale gravity models. The quantitative impact of these QCD corrections for searches of extra dimensions at a Linear Collider is briefly discussed.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX, using axodraw.st

Raman spectra of MgB2 at high pressure and topological electronic transition

Raman spectra of the MgB2 ceramic samples were measured as a function of pressure up to 32 GPa at room temperature. The spectrum at normal conditions contains a very broad peak at ~590 cm-1 related to the E2g phonon mode. The frequency of this mode exhibits a strong linear dependence in the pressure region from 5 to 18 GPa, whereas beyond this region the slope of the pressure-induced frequency shift is reduced by about a factor of two. The pressure dependence of the phonon mode up to ~ 5GPa exhibits a change in the slope as well as a "hysteresis" effect in the frequency vs. pressure behavior. These singularities in the E2g mode behavior under pressure support the suggestion that MgB2 may undergo a pressure-induced topological electronic transition.Comment: 2 figure