Improvements to LQGI/LTR Methodology for Plants with Lightly Damped or Low Frequency Poles

LQG/LTR design has a tendency to invert the plant\u27s dynamics, which is undesirable if there are plant poles near the imaginary axis. In this study, Static Output Feedback (SOF) is applied to reassign plant poles before LQG/LTR is applied. Alternatively, Robust Eigenstructure Assignment (REA) was used to design the target loop transfer function with an ideal eigenstructure to avoid the undesirable cancellations. Both methods were applied to several aircraft design problems. Results showed that the methods can be effectively used so that the LQG/LTR design has improved stability and performance; however, it was found that each method had strengths and weaknesses

Remark on operator matrices and their Weyl type theorems

In this talk, we study several spectral properties of operator matrices $\begin{pmatrix} A & C \cr Z & B\end{pmatrix}$ acting on an infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space, where the range of $C$ is closed. In particular, we investigate the conditions for such operator matrices to satisfy Weyl\u27s theorem and Weyl type theorems such as $a$-Weyl\u27s theorem, $a$-Browder\u27s theorem, and so on. This talk is based on joint work with Eungil Ko and Ji Eun Lee

Decreased Interleukin-4 Release from the Neurons of the Locus Coeruleus in Response to Immobilization Stress

It has been demonstrated that immobilization (IMO) stress affects neuroimmune systems followed by alterations of physiology and behavior. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, is known to regulate inflammation caused by immune challenge but the effect of IMO on modulation of IL-4 expression in the brain has not been assessed yet. Here, it was demonstrated that IL-4 was produced by noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) of the brain and release of IL-4 was reduced in response to IMO. It was observed that IMO groups were more anxious than nontreated groups. Acute IMO (2 h/day, once) stimulated secretion of plasma corticosterone and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the LC whereas these increments were diminished in exposure to chronic stress (2 h/day, 21 consecutive days). Glucocorticoid receptor (GR), TH, and IL-4-expressing cells were localized in identical neurons of the LC, indicating that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal- (HPA-) axis and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary- (SAM-) axis might be involved in IL-4 secretion in the stress response. Accordingly, it was concluded that stress-induced decline of IL-4 concentration from LC neurons may be related to anxiety-like behavior and an inverse relationship exists between IL-4 secretion and HPA/SAM-axes activation

Impact of Transport Infrastructure on Living Standards: Evidence from the Chinese Provinces Directly Affected by the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative

Purpose: This paper discusses the impact of transport infrastructure on living standards in the Chinese provinces directly affected by the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. Methods: The impact of transport infrastructures such as railways and highways on people’s living standards, more specifically, the household consumption level in the Chinese provinces directly affected by the "One Belt, One Road" was analyzed based on data from 2008 to 2017 from National Bureau of Statistics of China and some databases related to the "One Belt, One Road". Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression were applied for analysis. Results: a)The living standards are not improved in proportion to the development level of railways and highways due to influences of various factors on living standards, b) the development level of transport infrastructure does not have enough impact on reducing the gap in living standards between urban and rural areas in the Chinese provinces under study, c) the development level of transport infrastructure has a relatively more significant impact on living standards in coastal provinces than inland provinces under study, and d) in the future, the measures to develop the transport infrastructure may provably contribute to achieving targets for enhancing the living standards under the realization of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. Implications: To enhance the living standard, the management of investment in transport infrastructure as well as other factors, such as employment, income distribution, supply of goods and services, price level, etc. affecting people’s living standard ought to be improved in line with the features of a given region

Impact of Transport Infrastructure on Gross Regional Products: A Study on Chinese Economic Regions

Purpose: This study examines the impact of transport infrastructure on the Gross Regional Products in Chinese economic regions. Methods: The study analyzes the impact of transport infrastructure on the Gross Regional Products according to the eight economic regions in China by using descriptive statistics and regression analysis methods. Results: The findings are that a) densities of railways and highways have strong impacts on Gross Regional Products per capita according to Chinese economic regions, b) impacts of densities of railways and highways on Gross Regional Products per capita differ among Chinese economic regions and c) construction of new transport infrastructure has a more positive impact on Gross Regional Products per capita compared to regions with already developed transport infrastructure. Implications: Region-specific features ought to be considered in making and implementing the economic development policy according to economic regions

The method for calculating the bearing capacity of cold-formed C-Section axial compression member using Direct Strength Method

The paper carried out numerical analysis using experimental and finite element analysis methods to determine the bearing capacity of cold-formed C-section axial compression member. Finite element analysis was performed using the application ABAQUS and the results were compared with experimental measurements. This paper also made out the reason for the error between the experimental results and the results of the finite element analysis, and the ultimate bearing capacity is determined by finite element analysis with C-section axial compression member of various sizes. At the same time, the effect of initial geometric imperfection on the bearing capacity of the member is analyzed in detail. Based on finding out that the supporting capacity of the member is directly related to local buckling, distortional buckling, and lateral-bending buckling critical stress, the formula for calculating the bearing capacity of the cold-formed C-section axial compression member by analyzing the research results on the direct strength method