Collaboration based Multi-Label Learning

It is well-known that exploiting label correlations is crucially important to multi-label learning. Most of the existing approaches take label correlations as prior knowledge, which may not correctly characterize the real relationships among labels. Besides, label correlations are normally used to regularize the hypothesis space, while the final predictions are not explicitly correlated. In this paper, we suggest that for each individual label, the final prediction involves the collaboration between its own prediction and the predictions of other labels. Based on this assumption, we first propose a novel method to learn the label correlations via sparse reconstruction in the label space. Then, by seamlessly integrating the learned label correlations into model training, we propose a novel multi-label learning approach that aims to explicitly account for the correlated predictions of labels while training the desired model simultaneously. Extensive experimental results show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art counterparts.Comment: Accepted by AAAI-1

Einfluss der renalen Seneszenz auf das Ergebnis von Nieren-Allotransplantaten

The increasing gap between available donor organs and the number of patients on the waiting list leads to the transplantation of so-called expanded criteria donor (ECD) organs. Advanced donor age is one of the main characteristics of ECD kidneys being associated with a higher risk of unfavorable outcome. So far, the underlying cellular mechanisms leading to restricted graft survival of older transplants as well as the recipients’ immune response towards aged transplants remain largely unknown. In order to unravel the cellular composition of young versus aged grafts, a comprehensive analysis of the immunome of naïve murine kidneys was performed. Compared with young kidneys, older kidneys were characterized by increased frequencies of effector/memory T cells and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), whereas regulatory T cells (Treg) were decreased. Aged kidney-derived CD4+ and CD8+ T cells produced more IFNγ and showed a higher degranulation capacity than their young counterparts indicating a subclinical inflammation in senescent kidneys. This was further reflected by a significantly higher expression of MHC class II and the co-stimulatory molecules CD40 and CD80 on proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs). Applying a fully MHC-mismatch murine kidney transplantation model (C57BL/6 to BALB/c), an enhanced inflammatory, cytotoxic response towards the aged graft was observed compared with young donor grafts. This was indicated by significantly higher IFNγ, granzyme B, and perforin production by recipient-derived T cells. The induced inflammatory immune response to-wards the older kidney graft was successfully ameliorated by applying the senolytic drug ABT-263 to the donor prior to transplantation, resulting in significantly lower levels of IFNγ and IL-10 of graft-infiltrating T cell subsets. Moreover, ABT-263 graft pre-treatment of the aged donor resulted in a significant improvement of graft function on day 28 post kidney transplantation. In conclusion, chronological donor age is also reflected by changes within renal tissue, showing increased immunogenicity and provoking a stronger inflammatory response of the recipient. Pre-treatment strategies of aged grafts with senolytic drugs offer the potential to improve the outcome of ECD kidneys.Die steigende Diskrepanz zwischen verfügbaren Spenderorganen und Patienten auf der Warteliste resultiert in der zunehmenden Transplantation von Organen mit erweiterten Spenderkriterien, sogenannten expanded criteria donor (ECD) Organen. Ein höheres Spenderalter ist charakteristisch für ECD Organe, welche mit einem schlechteren Transplantatüberleben assoziiert sind. Bislang sind die zellulären Mechanismen für das schlechte Outcome älterer Spenderorgane als auch die zelluläre Antwort des Organempfängers gegen das alte Organ weitestgehend unbekannt. Um die zelluläre Komposition junger gegenüber alten Organen besser zu verstehen, wurde eine umfassende Analyse der lymphozytären Zusammensetzung muriner Nieren durchgeführt. Im Vergleich zu jungen Nieren wiesen ältere Organe höhere Frequenzen von effector/memory-Typ T-Zellen und sogenannten Gruppe 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) auf, wohingegen regulatorische T-Zellen deutlich reduziert waren. CD4+ als auch CD8+ T-Zellen älterer Nieren produzierten mehr IFNγ und zeigten eine höhere Degranulationskapazität - Charakteristika, die auf eine subklinische Inflammation in seneszenten Nieren hinweisen. Dies wurde auch durch die signifikant höhere Expression von MHC Klasse II-, als auch von kostimulatorischen Molekülen wie CD40 sowie CD80 auf proximalen tubulären Epithelzellen (PTECs) verdeutlicht. Unter Verwendung eines kompletten MHC-inkompatiblen murinen Nierentransplantationsmodells der Maus (C57BL/6 auf BALB/c) konnte eine erhöhte Inflammation und Zytotoxizität in älteren im Vergleich zu jungen Transplantaten dokumentiert werden, basierend auf höheren Frequenzen einwandernder IFNγ-, Granzym B- und Perforin-exprimierender Empfänger- T-Zellen. Die inflammatorische Immunantwort gegen ein älteres Organ konnte durch die Vorbehandlung des Spenders mit dem Senolytikum ABT-263 erfolgreich begrenzt werden. Diese führte zu einer signifikanten Reduktion der IFNγ- sowie IL-10-Produktion der infiltrierenden T-Zellen sowie zu einer verbesserten Nierenfunktion an Tag 28 post transplantationem. Zusammenfassend betrachtet führt das fortgeschrittene chronologische Alter potentieller Organspender zu einer Veränderung der lymphozitären Komposition residenter Immunzellen sowie zu einer erhöhten Immunogenität des renalen Spenderorgans. Dies führt zu einer erhöhten Immunantwort des Rezipienten gegen das Transplantat. Strategien zur Vorbehandlung älterer Organspender mit Senolytika sind daher vielversprechende Ansätze, um ein verbessertes Transplantatüberleben von ECD Organen zu erzielen

Design and Implementation of Smart Sensors with Capabilities of Process Fault Detection and Variable Prediction

A typical sensor consists of a sensing element and a transmitter. The major functions of a transmitter are limited to data acquisition and communication. The recently developed transmitters with ‘smart’ functions have been focused on easy setup/maintenance of the transmitter itself such as self-calibration and self-configuration. Recognizing the growing computational capabilities of microcontroller units (MCUs) used in these transmitters and underutilized computational resources, this thesis investigates the feasibility of adding additional functionalities to a transmitter to make it ‘smart’ without modifying its foot-print, nor adding supplementary hardware. Hence, a smart sensor is defined as sensing elements combined with a smart transmitter. The added functionalities enhance a smart sensor with respect to performing process fault detection and variable prediction. This thesis starts with literature review to identify the state-of-the-arts in this field and also determine potential industry needs for the added functionalities. Particular attentions have been paid to an existing commercial temperature transmitter named NCS-TT105 from Microcyber Corporation. Detailed examination has been made in its internal hardware architecture, software execution environment, and additional computational resources available for accommodating additional functions. Furthermore, the schemes of the algorithms for realizing process fault detection and variable prediction have been examined from both theoretical and feasibility perspectives to incorporate onboard NCS-TT105. An important body of the thesis is to implement additional functions in the MCUs of NCS-TT105 by allocating real-time execution of different tasks with assigned priorities in the real-time operating system (RTOS). The enhanced NCS-TT105 has gone through extensive evaluation on a physical process control test facility under various normal/fault conditions. The test results are satisfactory and design specifications have been achieved. To the best knowledge of the author, this is the first time that process fault detection and variable prediction have been implemented right onboard of a commercial transmitter. The enhanced smart transmitter is capable of providing the information of incipient faults in the process and future changes of critical process variables. It is believed that this is an initial step towards the realization of distributed intelligence in process control, where important decisions regarding the process can be made at a sensor level

Non-transferable unidirectional proxy re-encryption scheme for secure social cloud storage sharing

(c) 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.Proxy re-encryption (PRE), introduced by Blaze et al. in 1998, allows a semi-trusted proxy with the re-encryption key to translatea ciphertext under the delegator into another ciphertext, which can be decrypted by the delegatee. In this process, the proxy is required to know nothing about the plaintext. Many PRE schemes have been proposed so far, however until now almost all the unidirectional PRE schemes suffer from the transferable property. That is, if the proxy and a set of delegatees collude, they can re-delegate the delegator's decryption rights to the other ones, while the delegator has no agreement on this. Thus designing non-transferable unidirectional PRE scheme is an important open research problem in the field. In this paper, we tackle this open problem by using the composite order bilinear pairing. Concretely, we design a non-transferable unidirectional PRE scheme based on Hohenberger et al.'s unidirectional PRE scheme. Furthermore, we discuss our scheme's application to secure cloud storage, especially for sharing private multimedia content for social cloud storage users.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Demonstration of the double Q^2-rescaling model

In this paper we have demonstrated the double Q^2-rescaling model (DQ^2RM) of parton distribution functions of nucleon bounded in nucleus. With different x-region of l-A deep inelastic scattering process we take different approach: in high x-region (0.1\le x\le 0.7) we use the distorted QCD vacuum model which resulted from topologically multi -connected domain vacuum structure of nucleus; in low x-region (10^{-4}\le x\le10^{-3}) we adopt the Glauber (Mueller) multi- scattering formula for gluon coherently rescattering in nucleus. From these two approach we justified the rescaling parton distribution functions in bound nucleon are in agreement well with those we got from DQ^2RM, thus the validity for this phenomenologically model are demonstrated.Comment: 19 page, RevTex, 5 figures in postscrip