Mycotoxin Binders Effect on Ovaries of Pregnant Mice Exposed to Zearalenone

Mycotoxin, a secondary metabolite produced by mushroom, has proven to cause various cytotoxic effects to animals. Zearalenone is one type of mycotoxin which is produced by Fusarium graminearum mushroom and has a cytotoxic effect to the reproduction system and cattle productivity by inducing apoptosis in the animal's ovaries, uterus, and placenta. This research tested the potentials of mycotoxin binders in eliminating the effect of zearalenone which can be seen from the expression of caspase 3, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the quantity of corpus luteum in the ovaries of pregnant mice (Mus musculus). Twenty mice were grouped into five different treatments, namely K+ (not exposed to zearalenone and mycotoxin binders), K- (0.1 mg/mouse/day of zearalenone dosage), P1 (0.1 mg/mouse/day of zearalenone dosage and 0.5 mg/mouse/day of mycotoxin binder dosage), P2 (0.1 mg/mouse/day of zearalenone dosage and 1 mg/mouse/day of mycotoxin binders), and P3 (0.1 mg/mouse/day of zearalenone and 2 mg/mouse/day of mycotoxin binders), with 10-days treatment time. The results showed that the potentials of mycotoxin binders could be found on the gradual decline in the expression of caspase 3 in P1, P2 and P3 compared to that in K- (negative control). The results also showed a significant difference in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in K- compared to that in K+, P1, P2, and P3. Meanwhile, the quantity of corpus luteum in K- was also starkly different to that in K+, P1, P2, and P3. It can then be concluded that mycotoxin binders are very effective in eliminating the exposure of zearalenone.

Hidroponik Fodder Jagung sebagai Substitusi Hijauan Pakan Ternak Ditinjau dari Produktivitas Susu Kambing Sapera

Hidroponik adalah sistem bercocok tanam menggunakan media cair dan nutrisi-nutrisi yang diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan tanaman. Keuntungan bercocok tanam dengan hidroponik yakni tanaman tidak merusak tanah, tidak membutuhkan tempat yang luas, tanpa pestisida atau obat hama yang merusak tanah, mempercepat pertumbuhan dan menjaga kualitas tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan perbandingan konsentrat dan fodder jagung yakni P1 (100:0), P2 (60:40), P3 (75:25) dan P4 (0:100). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kuantitas susu pada hari ke-1, ke-2 dan ke-3 menunjukkan P4 berbeda nyata (p<0,05) dengan P1, P2, dan P3. Hal ini menunjukkan penurunan kuantitas susu pada P4 dan kuantitas susu terbanyak pada P1 dan P3. Simpulan penelitian perlakuan pemberian fodder jagung 25% dan konsentrat 75% serta perlakuan konsentrat 100% dapat meningkatkan kuantitas susu kambing Sapera

Risk Factors Causing Repeat Breeding Reproductive Disorders in Beef Cattle in Klabang Sub-District, Bondowoso Regency

This study aims to determine the relationship between factors and cases of repeated breeding in beef cattle in Klabang District, Bondowoso Regency. Beef cattle farming in Klabang District, Bondowoso Regency is currently experiencing problems in meeting the demand for beef due to low productivity. These problems occur due to cases of repeated breeding and decreased livestock efficiency and productivity. This case is suspected due to the lack of sanitation from farmers. This descriptive study used 69 cows with a simple random sampling method. Primary data was obtained from direct observation of livestock, followed by interviews with farmers using an in-depth study system. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from inseminator records which included the period of cultivation, the farmer's ability to detect the estrous cycle, and the farmer's knowledge of reproduction, housing, feeding, and copulation in beef cattle. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and then processed using SPSS 22.0. The Chi-Square test (X2) is used to determine the relationship between causative factors and repeated breeding. The results of this study indicate that the incidence of repeated breeding in Klabang District, Bondowoso Regency is 100% of the sample. All factors such as length of breeding, farmer's ability to detect estrous cycles, and farmer's knowledge about reproduction, housing, feed, age of livestock, and copulation in beef cattle correlate with the incidence of repeated breeding

Difference in Lairage Time Before Slaughtering on Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels in Landrace Pig Blood Serum

Lairage time before slaughtering a pig can recover the stress caused by transportation from the farm to the abattoir. Stress conditions can overcome the imbalance between Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and the ability of the system to be easily detoxified. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a specific product of lipid peroxidation, it is often used as a biomarker in research. A total of 18 pigs were divided into two groups, pigs with a lairage time of 6-8 hours and a rest period of 12-24 hours, MDA levels were tested using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) method and then analyzed. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the group lairage time length of 6-8 hours (18.10 ± 11.616) with a rest period of 12-24 hours (6,80 ± 4,852), there was a decrease in stress levels and was marked by a decreased in levels of MDA in pigs that were rested for 12-24 hours before being slaughtered

Capillaria spp. in a Reticulated Python (Python reticulatus) in Banyuwangi Reptile Community

Reptiles as exotic pets become more commonly desired by society, one of which is the reticulated python. Pythons kept as pets also have a risk of disease infection including helminthiasis. Worm parasite infects snake by the oral route. Some snake feed including frogs and mice can act as an intermediate host for worm parasites. A male reticulated python was kept by a member of the Banyuwangi reptile community and was presented with healthy and normal eating habits. This case study was to determine the worm parasite in the wild-caught reticulated python kept as an exotic pet. Fresh fecal samples were stored in a container with 70% alcohol added as a preservative. The sample was then evaluated in the laboratory and examined using the native method, floatation method, and simple sedimentation method. As result, under the microscope to be the Capillaria spp. the egg was observed

The Effectiveness of Time Equilibration Before Freezing in Sapera Goat Spermatozoa After Electric Separating Sperm

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of time equilibration before freezing sapera goat spermatozoa after ESS (Electric Separating Sperm) on motility, viability, membrane integrity, normality and abnormality of spermatozoa. Sapera goat spermatozoa were collected using an artificial vagina and then separated using the ESS method. This study used a completely randomized formula with three treatments, which are the equilibration time of P1 (1 hour), P2 (3 hours), and P3 (4 hours), with six replications. The analysis in this study used the ANOVA test followed by the Duncan test to determine the real difference between treatments. The conclusion of this study showed the highest percentage of motility, viability, membrane integrity, normality of sapera goat spermatozoa at 1-hour treatment, for the lowest percentage of abnormalities at 1-hour treatment. Significantly different results (p <0.05) on the anode and cathode sides in all equilibration time treatments

Optimization of Sustainable Goat Farm Productivity Improvement through Complete Feed Introduction Technology in Kaliploso Village, Banyuwangi

Increasing the level of the community economy through the livestock sector is increasingly in demand. The livestock sector is experiencing an increase in interest in one of them is goat farming. Not much different from the success factor of increasing the productivity of livestock, the success of goat livestock is also influenced by several factors including genetics, feed, and maintenance management. The role of farmers is necessary to achieve the desired level of productivity success. Breeders in the group Banyuwangi Goat Breeder must be prepared to be a breeder who is aware of the mechanism of raising a good right. Therefore, the education of farmers to be related to the way or technique of raising goats is good and right, goat cultivation management in the form of types of goats, goat reproduction, goat health to the manufacture of complete feed that is right must be understood by farmers. The purpose of this activity is to improve farmers ' understanding of the importance of understanding the basic aspects of breeding including genetic, feed, and maintenance management. In addition to aiming to improve farmers ' understanding of goat breeding techniques, this extension is expected to also be a solution in solving economic and social problems, especially in the field of goat farming, and independently farmers can make complete feed independently. However, the sustainability of coaching is expected to improve the quality of farmers in raising livestock and as a mechanism for evaluating the complete feed until the formation of a commercial and viable complete feed. Feed model as a source of livestock nutrition

Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) Secara Topikal Terhadap Kepadatan Kolagen dalam Penyembuhan Luka Insisi Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian ekstrak daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) secara topikal terhadap kepadatan kolagen dalam penyembuhan luka insisi pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Dua puluh ekor tikus putih dibagi secara acak ke dalam lima kelompok, yaitu kontrol negatif (K-) yang diberi basis salep, kontrol positif (K+) yang diberi salep povidone iodine 10%, kelompok perlakuan (P1, P2, P3) yang diberi perlakuan dengan salep ekstrak daun Afrika 16,8%, 28%, dan 39,2%. Perlakuan diberikan secara topikal pada lokasi luka insisi sebanyak dua kali sehari selama empat belas hari. pada hari keempat belas tikus dieuthanasi dan daerah insisi dieksisi untuk preparasi histopatologi. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan Kruskal-Wallis dengan SPSS 20. Hasil uji menunjukkan p=0,077 yang berarti tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (p>0,05) antara keseluruhan perlakuan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut rata-rata P1 menunjukkan hasil skoring kepadatan kolagen tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan yang lain. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu bahwa daun Afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) tidak efektif meningkatkan kepadatan kolagen dalam penyembuhan luka insisi pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus)

Efek Ekstrak Metanol Daun Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) Terhadap Kepadatan Kolagen dalam Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Derajat II pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus)

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak metanol daun ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) untuk meningkatkan kepadatan serabut kolagen dalam penyembuhan luka bakar derajat II pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Sebanyak dua puluh ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan dibagi ke dalam lima kelompok perlakuan yaitu K- luka dengan pemberian basis salep, K+ luka dengan pemberian Bioplacenton®, P1 luka bakar dengan pemberian salep ekstrak daun ketapang 25%, P2 luka bakar dengan pemberian salep ekstrak daun ketapang 50% dan P3 luka bakar dengan pemberian salep ekstrak daun ketapang 100%. Terapi diberikan sehari sekali selama tujuh hari. Hasil data rata-rata jumlah kepadatan serabut kolagen menunjukkan K- 83.57%, K+ 84.52%, P1 90.32%, P2 86.77% dan P3 83.36%. Kelompok P1 dan P2 tidak memiliki perbedaan yang nyata, tetapi berbeda nyata dengan kelompok K+, K- dan P3. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ekstrak metanol daun ketapang berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kepadatan serabut kolagen pada proses penyembuhan luka bakar derajat II

Effectiveness of Clove Flower Extract (Syzygium Aromaticum L.) as Analgesic on Licking Time Reaction in Male Mice with Formalin Induction

This research is about testing the effectiveness of clove flower extract (Syzygium aromaticum L.) as an analgesic against the beating time caused by formalin male mice. This research is experimental with the Complete Random Design formula producing four times repetition (N = 4) and divided into five treatment groups (t = 5). Data were analyzed using ANAVA factorial test then followed by Duncan test. All tests are carried out with Product Solutions and Service Statistics (SPSS). The results of research and statistical analysis prove that clove flower extract at a dose of 1% is an effective dose compared to other treatment groups, seen from the amount of time licking male mice  which is smaller than other treatment groups. It can be concluded that the administration of clove flower extract has analgesic effectiveness against the reaction of male mice induced by formalin. The concentration of clove flower extract 1% is the most effective in reducing licking time