ROLE OF MICRONUTRIENTS IN HEART DISEASES

Heart disease is a common occurrence in older patients in the civilized culture, and the rate is predicted to rise as the software advances. Patients with heart disease should be intended to eat a salt-free diet to lose adiposity. Diet is also critical for heart disease patients; those with nutrition deficits have a low deep prognosis. A growing body of research indicates a correlation between heart disease and a lack of micronutrients. Repairable heart disease has been linked to thiamine and selenium deficiency. Micronutrients and heart disease may, nevertheless, have a more moderate association, according to recent research. This article looks at studies that looked at micronutrient consumption, supplement effectiveness, and micronutrient ingestion in heart disease patients, with an emphasis on retinol, ascorbic acid, a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin B1, other B vitamins, cholecalciferol, folate, iron, and copper. Because aging is the leading cause of coronary heart disease, treatments intended to reduce down the aging process or improving life expectancy are distinctly different from their standards for the treatment of coronary heart disease. Altering risky life decisions which might relate to aging and coronary heart diseases, such as nicotine usage, obesity, and unique lifestyles, is increasingly become part of the quality of practice

Comparative protein interaction network analysis identifies shared and distinct functions for the human ROCO proteins

Signal transduction cascades governed by kinases and GTPases are a critical component of the command and control of cellular processes, with the precise outcome partly determined by direct protein‐protein interactions (PPIs). Here, we use the human ROCO proteins as a model for investigating PPI signalling events – taking advantage of the unique dual kinase/GTPase activities and scaffolding properties of these multidomain proteins. We report PPI networks that encompasses the human ROCO proteins, developed using two complementary approaches. First, using our recently developed weighted PPI network analysis (WPPINA) pipeline, a confidence‐weighted overview of validated ROCO protein interactors was obtained from peer‐reviewed literature. Second, novel ROCO PPIs were assessed experimentally via protein microarray screens. We compared the networks derived from these orthologous approaches to identify common elements within the ROCO protein interactome; functional enrichment analysis of this common core of the network identified stress response and cell projection organisation as shared functions within this protein family. Despite the presence of these commonalities, our results suggest that many unique interactors and therefore some specialised cellular roles have evolved for different members of the ROCO proteins. Overall, this multi‐approach strategy to increase the resolution of protein interaction networks represents a prototype for the utility of PPI data integration in understanding signalling biology

Zustandsübergänge von PEM-Brennstoffzellen unter luftfahrttechnischen Betriebsbedingungen: Herausforderungen und Lösungsansätze

Um fossile Ressourcen zu schonen und die Umweltauswirkungen der Luftfahrt zu reduzieren, wird u.a. der Einsatz von wasserstoffbasierten Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membran-Brennstoffzellensystemen (PEM-BZS) angestrebt. Nach dem derzeitigen Stand der Technik besteht weiterer Entwicklungsbedarf hinsichtlich der Kosten sowie der Lebensdauer von Brennstoffzellen [1]. Da die Lebensdauer insbesondere bei Luftfahrtanwendungen stark mit den entstehenden Kosten zusammenhängt, müssen aufkommende Designkonflikte unter Berücksichtigung möglicher Missionsprofile analysiert und gelöst werden. Um die Lebensdauer und Leistungsfähigkeit eines PEM-BZS zu erhöhen, ist eine stationäre Belastung sowie eine homogene Stromdichte, Temperatur- und Medienverteilung im Brennstoffzellenstapel wünschenswert. Unter diesen Bedingungen lassen sich bereits heute die geforderten 20.000 Betriebsstunden [2] eines luftfahrttechnischen Brennstoffzellensystems erreichen. Die veränderlichen Anforderungen und Umgebungsbedingungen während einer Flugmission stellen dem gegenüber jedoch eine Herausforderung dar. Da die Betriebsparameter eines BZ-Systems (Lastwiderstände, Temperaturen, Massenströme, Drücke, Feuchtigkeit, …) unterschiedliche Änderungsgeschwindigkeiten aufweisen, ergeben sich kritische Betriebsbedingungen bei Zustandsübergangen wie beispielsweise dem Übergang vom Taxiing in die Take-Off Phase, wenn die Parameter nicht optimiert nachgeführt werden. Dadurch kann es zu irreversiblen Degradation bis hin zum Defekt von Brennstoffzellen kommen. Mit einer segmentierten Messplatte können die Stromdichte und die Temperaturverteilung in einer Brennstoffzelle gemessen werden, um damit den Einfluss von Zustandsübergängen auf das Betriebsverhalten einer Brennstoffzelle näher zu untersuchen. Die entsprechenden Ergebnisse können dazu genutzt werden, erwünschte und unerwünschte Kombinationen von Betriebsparametern und deren Zeitverhalten eingehend zu identifizieren, was die Weiterentwicklung von Betriebsstrategien für luftfahrttechnische PEM-BZS ermöglicht. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand messtechnischer Untersuchungen an einem PEM-BZS mit segmentierter Messplatte diskutiert, wie sich die Anforderungen und Umgebungsbedingungen bei Unterschiedlichen Flugphasen und den einhergehenden Zustandsübergängen auf den Systembetrieb auswirken und mit welchen Maßnahmen ein möglichst schonender sowie effizienter Betrieb ermöglicht wird. Weiterhin werden Mitigationsstrategien vorgestellt, mit denen kritische Betriebsbedingungen vorgebeugt werden können

Wet Sliding Wear Investigation of Ni-Based Coating for Piston Cylinder

This paper presents the investigation of sliding wear of nickel-based coatings for piston cylinder application. Wear and friction between cylinder walls and pistons is a critical issue in industries like power generation, aerospace, and nuclear plants, contributing significantly to engine losses. NiCrBSiFeC has been coated on steel by high velocity oxy fuel thermal process and investigated on tribometer for sliding wear as per ASTM G99 standard. The design of experiments was done by considering normal load, speed and track diameter as variable with three level.  The wear tracks are analyzed using electro discharge spectrum (EDS) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The specific Mass Wear Rate (MWR) and coefficient of frictions are compared for coated and uncoated conditions. The results indicated the significant improvement in the wear life for the coated sample with mild abrasive and delaminated wear mechanism

Synthesis and evaluation of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as antimicrobial, antifungal and anthelmintic agents

Current research work is focused on incorporation of thiosemicarbazide, triazole in one framework and observed for antifungal, antibacterial and anthelmintic activities. Derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol are synthesized with thiosemicarbazide and semicarbazide as a starting material. Thiosemicarbazide are subjected to intermolecular cyclization in alkaline medium followed by acidification to give 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol. Equimolar mixture of thiosemicarbazide and different consecutive acids are heated, fusion occurred to give different triazoles derivatives. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for synthesized compounds are in the range of 3.12-25 μg/mL

Design and evaluation of taste masked chewable dispersible tablet of lamotrigine by melt granulation

Lamotrigine, an antiepileptic drug (AED) of the phenyltriazine class, is chemically unrelated to existing antiepileptic drugs. Lamotrigine is also used in the treatment of depression and bipolar disorder. But it is a bitter drug and slightly soluble in water. Thus, in the work under taken, an attempt was made to mask the taste and to formulate into a chewable dispersible tablet by complexation with Precirol ATO-05, which also acts as taste masking agent. Since, these tablets can be swallowed in the form of dispersion; it is suitable dosage form for paediatric and geriatric patients. Drug-Precirol ATO-05 was prepared in drug to Precirol ATO-05 ratio of 1:2, 1:1.5, 1:1, 1:0.5. The prepared tablets were evaluated for general appearance, content uniformity, hardness, friability, taste evaluation, mouth feel, in vitro disintegration time, and in vitro dissolution studies. Tablets with Precirol ATO-05 have shown good disintegrating features, also, the dispersion not showing any bitter taste, indicate the capability of Precirol ATO-05 used, both as taste masking agents. Almost more than 90 percent of drug was released from the formulation within 1 h. Further formulations were subjected to stability testing for 3 months at temperatures 25±5ºC/60±5%RH; 30±5ºC/65±5%RH and 40±5ºC/75±5%RH. Tablets have shown no appreciable changes with respect to taste, disintegration, and dissolution profiles.Keywords: Lamotrigine; Melt granulation; Precirol; Taste masking; Chewable dispersible tablets

Effect of pre-partum supplementation of rumen protected methionine plus lysine and choline on the performance of crossbred cows

The study was conducted to determine rumen escape potential (REP) of commercial rumen protected methionine (RPM), lysine (RPL) and choline (RPC) products and to examine the effect of supplementing RPM plus RPL and RPC on the performance of preparturient crossbred cows. Crossbred cows (27; 2nd to 4th lactation) were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 9 animals each, on the basis of most probable production ability (MPPA). Cows in control group (T1), were fed basal diet as per NRC (2001). The cows in second group (T2), were supplemented with 5 g RPM and 20 g RPL, and those in third group (T3), were fed 54 g RPC per cow/day for 40 days pre-partum. In sacco study revealed that REP of RPM, RPL and RPC was 75.20, 54.97 and 72.89%, respectively. Supplementation of RPM plus RPL and RPC resulted in higher body condition score (BCS) in crossbred cows on the day of parturition. Nutrient intake was similar among the groups, except that duodenal supply of methionine and lysine was higher in T2 group. Plasma triglycerides, VLDL (very low density lipoproteins) and phosphatidylcholine levels were higher in T2 and T3 groups while vitamin E level was higher in T3 group, on the day of parturition, indicating better immune status. It was concluded that fortification of ration with RPM plus RPL and RPC resulted in improved body condition score, duodenal supply of methionine and lysine and better immune status in cows during prepartum period