PERISTIWA ALIH KODE DAN CAMPUR KODE REALITY SHOW GREAT DANCE CREW 《了不 起舞社》 DI YOUTUBE

Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan bentuk campur kode, faktor penyebab terjadinya alih kode, dan faktor peyebab terjadinya campur kode dalam Reality Show “Great Dance Crew” di Youtube. Teori yang digunakan adalah pendapat Suwito (1983:72-80). Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini berfokus pada peristiwa alih kode dan campur kode yang terjadi. Peneliti mengumpulkan data-data yang berhubungan dengan peristiwa alih kode dan campur kode, lalu diidentifikasi sesuai dengan bentuk dan faktor. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah menunjukkan bahwa lebih banyak terjadi peristiwa campur kode disbanding alih kode. Ditemukan 115 data berbentuk campur kode, dan 8 data berbentuk alih kode. Bentuk campur kode berwujud kata ditemukan 70 data, bentuk campur kode berwujud frasa ditemukan 26 data, dan bentuk campur kode berwujud klausa ditemukan 19 data. Faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya data terbesar adalah banyak istilah-istilah berbahasa Inggris yang digunakan oleh mentor dan peserta. Contoh istilah yang digunakan diantaranya popping, freestyle, choreography, solo, dan lain-lain. Faktor penyebab terjadinya alih kode yang ditemukan adalah faktor penutur sebanyak 4 data, faktor mitra tutur sebanyak 3 data, dan faktor untuk membangkitkan rasa humor sebanyak 1 data. Yang menyebabkan data terbesar adalah penutur dalam percakapan ini merupakan mentor atau peserta yang bukan berasal dari Tiongkok, keterbatasan kosakata yang dimiliki, merupakan kata atau kalimat yang sering diungkapkan, dan lain-lain. Dan faktor campur kode yaitu identifikasi peranan sebanyak 22 data, identifikasi ragam sebanyak 71 data, dan keinginan untuk menjelaskan dan menafsirkan sebanyak 22 data. Penyebab data terbesar adalah mentor dan peserta lebih banyak menyampurkan istilah- istilah berbahasa Inggris yang lebih mudah dipahami dan sering digunakan. Hal tersebut dapat mempermudah lawan bicara memahami dan membuat suasana lebih santai. Penelitan ini menyimpulkan bahwa peristiwa alih kode dan campur kode yang terjadi dalam Reality Show ini adalah disebabkan oleh keterbatasan kosa kata yang dimiliki oleh mentor dan peserta, faktor peran mentor dalam sebuah acara, dan kemampuan mentor dan peserta dalam menggunakan banyak bahasa. Kata Kunci: Alih Kode, Campur Kode, Reality Show, Great Dance Crew, Pendidikan Abstract The purpose of the study was to describe the mixed form of code, the causes of code transmission, and the causes of code interference in Youtube's "Great Dance Crew" Reality Show. The theory used was Suwito's opinion (1983:72-80). The method used in this study was a qualitative descriptive method. This study focused on code-switching and code-mixing. Researchers collect data relating to code-switching events and code- mixing, then identified according to form and factor. The results of this study that more code-mixing occur than code-mixing. There were 115 code-mixed data, and 8 code-switched data. 70 data were found in the form of code mixing in the form of words, 26 data in the form of code mixing in the form of phrases, and 19 data in the form of code mixing in the form of clauses. The factor that caused the largest data was the many English terms used by mentors and participants. Examples of terms used include popping, freestyle, choreography, solo, and etc. The factors causing code switching that were found were 4 data factors for speakers, 3 data for interlocutors, and 1 data for evoking a sense of humor. The biggest cause of data is that the speakers in this conversation are mentors or participants who are not from China, limited vocabulary, are words or sentences that are often expressed, and, etc. The factors causing code mixing were role identification of 22 data, identification of variations of 71 data, and the desire to explain and interpret 22 data. The biggest reason for the data is that mentors and participants mix more English terms which are easier to understand and frequently used. This can make it easier for the person you are talking to to understand and create a more relaxed atmosphere. This research concludes that the code switching and code mixing that occurred in this Reality Show were caused by the limited vocabulary of the mentors and participants, Factor in the role of mentors in an show, and the ability of mentors and participants to use multiple languages. Keywords: Code Switch, Code Mix, Reality Show, Great Dance Crew, Educatio

Effects of Energy Level on Oestrous Behaviour and Follicular Development in Cattle in Malaysia

The understanding of the development and growth of an ovulatory follicle within the ovary is important in order to improve the efficiency of breeding techniques such as artificial insemination (Al) and embryo transfer. The objectives of the study were to determine the effects of different levels of energy diets on characteristics of oestrous behaviour by visual observation, and follicular development in cows. The experiments were conducted to determine the oestrous behaviour by visual observation and the effects of dietary energy levels on follicular development in crossbred cows offered different levels and duration of energy diets. Thirty crossbred Kedah-Kelantan (KK) cows were divided into two groups, I) n=15; received grass with maintenance supplement and II) n=15; received grass with double maintenance supplement. Oestrous was initially synchronised using chloprostenol intra vaginal progesterone releasing device (CIDR-B@) containing 1.38 g progesterone for 7 days and administered 1 ml synthetic prostaglandin analogue 2 days before CIDR-B@ removal. The cows were observed for estrous behaviour continuously 24 hours daily for 72 hours immediately after CIDR-B@ removal. The ovaries then were visualized using 7.5 MHz linear array transrectal transducer attached to a real-time, B mode portable ultrasound. Scanning was carried out from six hours at the beginning of estrous and repeated every six hours until ovulation. The day of first detection of a 2 4 rnm follicle identified as a dominant follicle was taken as the first day of a follicular wave. During each ultrasound examination, a single blood sample was drawn and collected into 10 ml plain tubes for determination of progesterone concentration. A timed insemination was performed at 48 to 54 hrs after removal of CIDR-BB for all cows. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed using ultrasonography and rectal palpation techniques. In expressing oestrous behaviour characteristics, there were no differences between group of single maintenance (GSM) and group of double maintenance (GDM) (p>0.05) in the first cycle, while in the second cycle, characteristics of oestrous behaviour were clearly seen. The results obtained showed that approximately 33.3% of GSM and 40% GDM cows produced 2 waves of follicular development while 66.67% of GSM and 60% of GDM cows produce 3 waves of follicular development. Both GSM and GDM had equal number of cows producing 2 and 3 waves of follicular development. However, the number of waves of folliwlar development, length of estrous cycle, growth and regression rate of dominant follicle, and progesterone concentration between GSM and GDM were not significantly different (p>0.05). Therefore, the results from the experiment suggest that the higher and longer period of energy levels would not accelerate the estrous behaviour and increased the number of animals pregnant. From the study, it was concluded that cows offered double maintenance levels of energy diet was not significantly different from cows offered single maintenance levels of energy diet in terms of exhibit oestrous behaviour, follicular development and number of animal pregnant (P>0.05)

Effects of varying energy levels on follicular development and time of ovulation in Kedah-Kelantan crossbred cows

Nutrition element such as energy can influence reproductive performance, and the difference in energy provided will lead to changes in follicular development in cows. Therefore a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of varying energy levels on the size of preovulatory follicles and ovulation time of Kedah-Kelantan (KK) crossbred cows. The cows were assigned into two treatment groups: 1M in which the cows were fed to meet their full daily metabolizable energy requirement above maintenance (n=15), and 2M in which the cows were fed twice the level for daily metabolizable energy requirement above maintenance (n=15). The diet contained protein level ranging from 13-15%. Cows were inserted intravaginally with controlled internal drug releasing device (CIDR), containing 1.38 g of progesterone for 7 days. Intramuscular injection of 25 mg prostaglandin was administered 2 days prior to CIDR removal. Each cow had their ovaries scanned at 6-hour intervals from the time of CIDR removal until ovulation (loss of dominant follicles). The day of ovulation at the beginning of emergence of new follicles was designated as Day 0. The ovaries were then scanned at 2-day intervals to determine the follicular wave development (FD). No significant difference (P>0.05) in preovulatory follicle size of 10.5 ± 0.07 mm and 11.1 ± 0.06 mm and ovulation time of 92.0 ± 3.63 h and 89.8 ± 4.08 h of cows fed the two energy levels of 1M and 2M, respectively. The number of follicular waves, length of oestrous cycle, growth and regression rates of dominant follicules and post-synchronized progesterone concentration were not significantly different (P>0.05) between 1M and 2M energy diets. The length of oestrous cycle was 20.6 ± 0.49 days, and mean growth and regression rates of dominant follicules were 1.4 ± 0.02 mm per day and 1.7 ± 0.03 mm per day, respectively. The cows in the present study were in active oestrus cycle evidenced from the presence of active corpus luteum as indicated by the serum concentration of progesterone of 1.3 ± 0.19 ng/ml and 1.5 ± 0.31 ng/ml in the 1M and 2M groups, respectively. The findings from this study seemed to suggest that cows that were offered higher levels of energy above their maintenance requirement would not develop preovulatory follicle of larger size, increase the diameter of the dominant follicles, reduce the number of follicular waves, and the time of ovulation to occur earlier. It may be concluded that the energy levels offered in this study were not sufficiently adequate to alter and affect the follicular development, particularly the preovulatory follicle diameter and time of ovulation of KK crossbred cows in a tropical condition

LEGALITAS IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN KHUSUS OPERASI PRODUKSI PT. FREEPORT INDONESIA

This legal research aims to review and analyze to the legality of the Special Mining Business Permit (known as IUPK) of PT. Freeport Indonesia (PT. FI). The research method uses a statute, conceptual and case approach. The legal material used in this research was obtained from the legislation, legal principles, legal concepts, and doctrines related to the legality of the Special Mining Business Permit (IUPK) of PT. Freeport Indonesia as a source of primary material as well as literature (including journals both national and international journals), articles, internet, and scientific papers, contains developments or actual issues regarding the law of certain fields as secondary legal material. The results of this study to explain that the Special Mining Business Permit (IUPK)of PT. FI is the result of an agreement made by the Indonesian government and PT. FI. The Special Mining Business Permit (known as IUPK) of PT. Freeport Indonesia (PT. FI) is contrary to the requirements and procedures established based on Law Number 4 of 2009 on Mineral and Coal Resources (the Minning Law)

Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Beragama Dalam Buku Teks Siswa Mata Pelajaran Pai Dan Budi Pekerti Jenjang SMA

This study aims to analyze the representation and cultivation of religious moderation values in the textbooks of students of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and Budi Pekerti High School (SMA) subjects. The research method used is content analysis to explore the textbook content of PAI and Budi Pekerti students from various publishers commonly used in high schools. The study found that PAI textbooks emphasize moderate understanding and practice of Islamic teachings, with an emphasis on the values of tolerance, justice, and interfaith harmony. However, there are variations in the presentation of religious moderation, in which some textbooks may accentuate the dogmatic side without leaving room for more inclusive interpretations. Meanwhile, Budi Pekerti textbooks pay attention to the character and moral development of students, including values of religious moderation such as mutual respect, empathy, and social responsibility. However, there is a tendency to ignore certain aspects of religious moderation, such as the integration of beliefs into everyday life. The results of this study provide an overview of the extent to which religious moderation values are included in the high school curriculum, especially in PAI and Budi Pekerti subjects. The implications of these findings could be used as a basis for the development of a more balanced and inclusive curriculum, promoting a better understanding of religious moderation among younger generations

Pengembangan Modul Kalkulus dengan Pemanfaatan Software Geogebra

This study aims to produce a calculus module using geogebra software on limits, derivatives, and integrals. This research uses the 4D Thiagarajan development. This method is modified into 3D, thats define, design, and development. This research begins with a need’s analysis covering student analysis, material analysis, task analysis, analysis of the formulation of learning objectives. The results of the needs analysis that the calculus module using geogebra applications needs to be developed. Based on the results of the student and teacher questionnaire responses said the module developed was very good with a value of 81%

The effects of different timing of artificial insemination, the association of uterine tone and site of semen deposition on pregnancy rate following oestrus synchronisation in beef cattle

The pregnancy rate following induced ovulation at different timing of artificial insemination (TAI), and the association of uterine horn tone and site of semen deposition on pregnancy rate in Kedah-Kelantan (KK) and crossbred beef cows were studied. The cows were divided into three groups, each artificially inseminated either at 56 h, 65 h or 72 h following the removal of controlled internal drug release devices (CIDR®). The uterine tone was evaluated on a 4-point scale and pregnancy diagnosis was performed through rectal palpation. The percentage of cows that exhibited oestrus was not significantly different (p >0.05) between the groups studied. Group S56, S65 and S72 exhibited oestrus rates of 75, 73.7 and 70% respectively. Group S56 had a higher pregnancy rate compared to the other two groups. A total of 49.2, 37.3 and 13.6% cows were observed to have intermediate, extreme and slight condition of uterine tone respectively. The correlation coefficient indicates no relationship exists between TAI and the site of semen deposition, and pregnancy rate. However, a negative correlation exists between TAI and uterine tone condition. Thus, TAI can be performed between 56 h and 72 h after CIDR® removal, and uterine tone can be as indicator on the success of AI to pregnancy rate in KK and crossbred cows

Determination of follicular wave development in oestrus synchronised beef cows

A study was conducted to determine the follicular wave development in terms of dominant follicles size, number of follicular waves and follicles existing at pre- and post-ovulation stage, and length of oestrous cycle in oestrus synchronised beef cows. Thirty cows consisting of 3 breedtypes: KK (n=10), Brakmas (n=10), and Charoke (n=10), were inserted with controlled internal drug releasing (CIDR) device containing 1.38 g progesterone for 7 days and given intramuscular injection of a synthetic prostaglandin analogue of 25 mg prostaglandin two days prior to CIDR withdrawal. It was shown of BK, CK and KK cows had 45%, 35% and 20% 3-follicular waves pattern, respectively. BK cows had higher number of cows having 3-follicular waves (P0.05) observed in terms of mean diameter of follicle at emergence stage in the three breedtypes. The mean diameter of ovulatory follicular development was significantly larger (P0.05). Similarly, there was also no significant difference (P>0.05) of the dominant follicle diameter was observed in the second and third (ovulatory follicle) follicular waves patterns among the three breeds of cows studied. The mean diameter of ovulatory follicle in KK was 10.2±0.1 mm, BK 11.6±0.10 mm and CK 10.7±0.1 mm, in KK, BK and KK cows, respectively. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) found among the three breeds of cows studied for mean length of oestrous cycle. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated there was no difference on the follicular wave development in terms of dominant follicles size in pre-ovulation, first, second and third follicular wave development; follicles existing at post-ovulation stage, and length of oestrous cycle in KK, BK and CK cows. However, in terms of the number of follicular waves, BK and CK cows had a higher proportion of 3- and 2-follicular waves development than KK cows. and the number of follicles existing at pre-ovulation stage in KK and BK cows were predominantly higher CK cows

Ovarian follicular wave patterns, oestrus interval and ovulation rate in oestrus synchronised Kedah-Kelantan cows

The relationship between 2- and 3-follicular wave patterns on progesterone hormone profiles, oestrus interval, ovulation time and pregnancy rate in Kedah- Kelantan (KK) cows were studied. A total of 30 primiparous and multiparous KK cows were inserted intravaginally with controlled internal drug releasing device (CIDR®) for 7 days, followed by intramuscular injection of 25 mg prostaglandin 2 days prior to CIDR® removal. The study indicated that the oestrus cycle length and proportion of pregnant cows were not significantly different between the 2- and 3-follicular wave patterns. However, follicle emergence in the 3-wave pattern was 4.1 days later than the 2-wave pattern while the dominant follicle in the 3-wave pattern took 4.3 days earlier to achieve the maximum diameter. The dominant follicle took a respective 6.4 and 5.4 days for 2-and 3-wave patterns to become dominant at days 9.8 and 9.5 respectively. The progesterone concentration at the time of emergence of the first dominant follicle (DF) was lower in 3-wave pattern compared to 2-wave pattern. Oestrus intervals, ovulation time and pregnancy rates were not significantly correlated in the 2- and 3-wave patterns. There was no relationship between ovarian follicular wave patterns, ovulation time and pregnancy rates during the oestrus cycle in synchronised KK cows