Social representations of feeding people with diabetes mellitus

The aim of this study was to analyze the social representations of the diets 34 patients of the Brazilian public primary care service diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with DM2, according to how they represent their identity. Free association of words was used with responses to questions to survey social representations of food. Representations of identity were adopted from a previous study with the same participants. Normal participants eat healthily, eat little, eat greens and vegetables, avoid sweets, have positive attitudes, and maintain healthy eating habits and regular blood glucose levels. Participants who accept having the disease do not eat a lot, do not eat everything, avoid sweets, have an attitude of acceptance, and maintain inadequate eating habits and uncontrolled blood glucose. Participants with difficulties do not eat everything, do not eat a lot, do not follow the diet and eat vegetables and fruits, and have negative attitudes and altered blood glucose.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Social representations of feeding people with type-2 diabetes mellitus

The aim of this study was to analyze the social representations of the diets 34 patients of the Brazilian public primary care service diagnosed with type- 2 diabetes mellitus, according to how they represent their identity. Free association of words was used with responses to questions to survey social representations of food. Representations of identity were adopted from a previous study with the same participants. Normal participants eat healthily, eat little, eat greens and vegetables, avoid sweets, have positive attitudes, and maintain healthy eating habits and regular blood glucose levels. Participants who accept having the disease do not eat a lot, do not eat everything, avoid sweets, have an attitude of acceptance, and maintain inadequate eating habits and uncontrolled blood glucose. Participants with difficulties do not eat everything, do not eat a lot, do not follow the diet and eat vegetables and fruits, and have negative attitudes and altered blood glucose.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Representações sociais das pessoas com diabetes mellitus: implicações no controle glicêmico

Pesquisas qualitativas envolvendo a relação entre representações sociais da alimentação, identidade e controle glicêmico não foram encontradas na literatura científica sobre o assunto. O objetivo desse estudo é analisar as representações sociais da alimentação das pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) conforme representam a sua identidade e suas implicações no controle glicêmico. Participaram 34 usuários com DM2 de uma unidade básica de saúde de Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Utilizou-se a associação livre de palavras com justificativas de questões para identificar as representações sociais da identidade e da alimentação. As categorias das representações identitárias foram obtidas de um estudo anterior realizado com os mesmos participantes: aqueles que se consideram “normais”; os que aceitam a doença; os inconformados e os que levam a vida com dificuldades. As categorias das representações sociais da alimentação são: comer saudável, comer verduras e frutas, comer pouco, evitar doces, não comer de tudo, não comer muito e não seguir a dieta. É necessário desenvolver estudos que aumentem o conhecimento sobre as dificuldades e as necessidades das pessoas com diabetes e que promovam o seu envolvimento e o autocuidado.Qualitative research involving the relationship between social representations of diet, identity and glycemic control was not found in the scientific literature on the subject. The objective of this study is to analyze the social representations of the diet of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) as they represent their identity and its implications for glycemic control. A total of 34 DM2 users from a basic health unit in Belo Horizonte, Brazil participated. We used the free association of words with justifications of questions to identify the social representations of identity and diet. The categories of identity representations were obtained from an earlier study conducted with the same participants: those who considered themselves "normal"; those who accept the disease; the nonconformists and those who lead a difficult life. The categories of social representations of diet are: eating healthy, eating vegetables and fruits, eating little, avoiding sweets, not eating at all, not eating too much and not following the diet. It is necessary to develop studies that increase awareness of the difficulties and needs of people with diabetes and promote their involvement and self-care.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Identity representation of users with diabetes Mellitus in primary care

As pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) ao descobrirem a doença experimentam rupturas na identidade e nos comportamentos. Uma das formas de se aprofundar o conhecimento da visão subjetiva da pessoa com DM 2 é buscar suas representações identitárias, fenômeno dinâmico composto pelas representações de si-mesmo e representações intergrupo. Investigar a construção das representações identitárias dos usuários com DM2 da atenção primária à saúde e sua relação com as ações de autocuidado requeridas. Utilizou-se a associação livre de palavras, solicitando aos usuários com diabetes melittus tipo 2 de uma unidade básica de saúde (n=34) que sugerissem uma palavra ou expressão, com justificativa, após a questão indutora: quando se fala em eu sou diabético, o que vem à sua mente? Os discursos foram gravados, transcritos, categorizados e interpretados pela técnica da análise do conteúdo temático-categorial e as teorias da representação social e identidade social. As interações mediadas pelos processos identitários – comparação social, atribuição social e categorização no grupo estudado, proporcionaram a construção social das representações identitárias “normal”, “aceitar a doença”, “ser inconformado”, “ter dificuldades” dos participantes com DM2. Os profissionais da saúde devem compreender o contexto permeado pelo sentido subjetivo das pessoas com DM2 alterado pela doença, além do ponto de vista biomédico.People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) to discover the disease experience disruptions in identity and behavior. One of the ways to deepen the knowledge of the subjective view of the person with diabetes 2 is to seek their identity representations, dynamic phenomenon composed of representations of self and intergroup representations. To investigate the construction of the identity representations of users with DM2 of primary health care and its relationship with self-care actions required. We used the free word association, prompting users with diabetes mellitus type 2 in a basic health unit (n = 34) to suggest a word or phrase, with justification, after inducing question: when it comes to “I am diabetic, what comes to your mind?”. The speeches were recorded, transcribed, categorized and interpreted by analyzing the technique of thematic-categorical content and theories of social representation and social identity. The interactions mediated by identity processes – social comparison, social attribution and categorization in the study group, provided the social construction of identity representations “ normal”, “accepting the disease”, “being unaccepting, and “leading a difficult life”. Health professionals must understand the context permeated by subjective sense of people with DM2 changed by the disease, beyond the biomedical viewpoint.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Intervenção educativa na diabetes mellitus

O objetivo do estudo foi propor um modelo de intervenção educativa pautado na mudança comportamental, que dialogue com as representações sociais para 34 utentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 da atenção primária à saúde de Belo Horizonte/Brasil. Coletaram-se os dados sócio-demográficos, clínicos e antropométricos e, através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, fez-se um levantamento das opiniões dos participantes em relação à identidade e à alimentação. Os discursos foram categorizados e analisados pela análise de conteúdo. Para ilustrar o modelo proposto da abordagem no processo de acção em saúde, utilizou-se o estudo de caso. Esse modelo inclui, na fase motivacional, a intenção, como um processo decisório pelo qual um indivíduo poderá adotar uma ação preventiva, e as representações sociais apreendidas dos participantes sobre os resultados esperados e a perceção de risco. Na fase volitiva, incluiu-se a resolução de problemas. As representações sociais levantadas e a autoeficácia influenciam a construção cognitiva dos planos de acção.The aim of this study was to propose an educational intervention based on social representations from a review of models of behavioral change. To illustrate the model we used part of the empirical representations of identity and feeding of 34 users with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a primary care unit in Belo Horizonte/Brazil. We selected to adopt the health approach process action, because this model considers the motivational stage the social representations about the contingencies that influence health behavior desired, expected outcomes, risk perception and intention as a decision-making process by which an individual may adopt a preventive measure or change risk behavior for others. In the volitional phase we included the resolution of problems. Social representations of acceptance to be diabetic and those related to feeding and self-efficacy influence the cognitive construction of action plans

A alimentação retratada no cinema: contributo das representações sociais

O objetivo desse estudo é levantar e analisar as representações sociais dos espectadores de cinema referente à alimentação retratada em filmes. Utilizou-se o Google Forms para levantar no Facebook o depoimento das pessoas que gostam de cinema sobre a alimentação retratada nesse meio comunicacional e artístico. As respostas sobre o filme mais citado foram interpretadas pela análise de conteúdo, utilizando-se a teoria das representações sociais como referencial teórico. A amostra constitui-se por 35 participantes, sendo 89,9% mulheres e 11,1% homens. Os filmes que vieram à mente dessas pessoas foram 16 e o mais citado foi Festa de Babette (26,47%). Duas categorias foram levantadas: preparar o alimento e servir o alimento. Na Festa de Babette o alimento entra primeiramente com restrição, adequado à pequena aldeia, refletindo os parâmetros conservadores e religiosos das duas irmãs, sendo somente uma fonte de alimentação. O uso da teoria das representações sociais permitiu estudar no filme A Festa de Babette as realidades sociais, os fenômenos que envolvem algumas características fundamentais da vida diária e daqueles fenômenos que incomodam as rotinas das pessoas. As representações sociais sobre alimentação das pessoas que gostam do cinema emergem quando o alimento é transformado em comida saborosa, compartilhada entre as pessoas. O sabor inovador e antes inatingível retratado no filme Festa de Babete traz a importância da alimentação, da refeição como um ato cultural e social de integração, memória, inovação, partilha, sociabilidade, subjetividade e transformação individual e social através das preparações e degustações de alimentos.The aim of this study is to survey and analyze the social representations of cinema viewers regarding the food portrayed in films. Google Forms was used to raise on Facebook the testimony of people who like cinema about the food portrayed in this communicational and artistic medium. The answers about the most cited film were interpreted by content analysis, using the theory of social representations as a theoretical framework. The sample consists of 35 participants, 89.9% women and 11.1% men. There were 16 films that came to mind and the most mentioned was Babette's Feast (26.47%). Two categories were raised: preparing the food and serving the food. At the Babette’s Feast, food first enters restrictions, suitable for the small village, reflecting the conservative and religious parameters of the two sisters, being only a source of food. The use of the theory of social representations allowed us to study in the film Babette's Feast the social realities, the phenomena that involve some fundamental characteristics of daily life and those phenomena that disturb people's routines. The social representations about food for people who like cinema emerge when the food is transformed into tasty food, shared between people. The innovative and previously unattainable flavor portrayed at the Babette’s Feast brings the importance of food, meals as a cultural and social act of integration, memory, innovation, sharing, sociability, subjectivity and individual and social transformation through food preparations and tastings.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Social representations and food practices of people with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a chronic disease characterized by inadequate insulin levels resulting in hyperglycemia. Due to the requirement of constant glycemic control, chronicity and lack of cure, the person with DM2 remains linked to the health system for decades and needs continuous attention focused on the integral care provided by family health, actions to promote, monitor and prevent complications of DM2. The complexity of caring for people with DM2 requires an interdisciplinary approach with health professionals open to dialogue and willing to plan consultations and interventions appropriate to the specific needs of people with DM2 focused on self-care and glycemic control actions. One of the ways to deepen the knowledge of the subjective view of the person with DM 2 is to seek their social representations. Social representation is the mental construction of reality, which enables the understanding and organization of the world, as well as guides the behavior of people. The purpose of this study is to present studies that address the social representations of people with type 2 diabetes in relation to disease and diet to understand the health education actions of this disease.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Intersectoral pratices in primary health care: from achievement to challenges / Práticas intersetoriais na atenção primária à saúde: da concretude aos desafios

Objetivo: compreender a concretude e os desafios das práticas intersetoriais na Atenção Primária a Saúde. Método: pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida em um município brasileiro de médio porte no período de fevereiro a julho de 2018. A fonte de evidência foi a entrevista semiestruturada com 59 profissionais e gestores ligados à Atenção Primária a Saúde e os dados foram analisados segundo a Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados e discussão: a intersetorialidade é concretizada perante a demanda dos usuários por cuidado integral na Atenção Primária a Saúde. O Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e as Equipes de Saúde da Família buscam os arranjos necessários para formação de rede intrasetorial ou intersetorial. Considerações finais: percebeu-se o papel primordial da gestão para indução das ações intersetoriais nos territórios, como o fomento à inserção de práticas intersetoriais na agenda de trabalho; e em espaços de construção coletiva enquanto potencializadores das políticas públicas.

Estratégias fotoprotetoras contra fotocarcinogênese e fotoenvelhecimento

The sunlight is not only indispensable to life and physiological processes, but it is also associated with the development of photoaging and, in some more severe cases, with photocarcinogenesis in genetically prone and vulnerable phototype populations in a proportional exposure/risk ratio. Considering the different methods of solar protection, especially the various formulations of organic and inorganic sunscreens, the present study aimed to review the best protective strategy against the damaging effects of the sun rays, enabling the sustainable promotion of health and quality of life. We have concluded that the use of clothing protecting agents associated with sunscreens of wide spectrum—those that combine inorganic/barrier compounds with organic/filtering agents—results in the most efficient solar protection combination, by associating a higher degree of UVA and UVB waves protection with high photostability and water stability to subjects under sustained sun exposure, especially those who work under these conditions

Avaliação dos níveis de ferritina e vitamina B12 em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica suplementados com polivitamínico

The nutritional deficiencies of iron and vitamin B12 are the major changes that endanger the success of bariatric surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate ferritin and vitamin B12 levels in patients with Grade III obesity of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), who underwent Roux-en-Y gastrojejunal shunting (BPGYR) supplemented free of charge with the Materna® product his multivitamin was distributed to 40 patients free of charge for 24 months and 23 patients, the control group, did not receive the drug. The comparison of ferritin and vitamin B12 in patients submitted to BPGYR, with free supplementation were superior to those observed for the control group. It is concluded that the free supply of Materna® by SUS to patients submitted to BPGYR is a recommended measure for adequate control and adherence of the patient to the treatment