26 research outputs found
Antitumour Activity of Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomycin (DHMEQ): a Literature Review
Carcinogenesis research uncovers new pathogenesis links as vulnerable targets of effective antitumour therapies. Among the key mediators of immune response, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and inflammation is transcription factor NF-ΞΊB. Misregulation of an NF-ΞΊB-dependent pathway is found in solid and haematopoietic tumour cells. One of the best known NF-ΞΊB functions is expression regulation of genes involved in the apoptosis inhibition or activation and survival in both intact and malignant cells. The NF-ΞΊB-mediated pathwaysβ involvement in carcinogenesis, angiogenesis and tumour resistance to chemo- and radiotherapies makes this factor a promising target for drug anti-cancer interventions. This review summarises evidence on the antitumour and anti-inflammatory activity of a high-potent and specific low molecular-weight NF-ΞΊB inhibitor, dehydroxymethylhepoxyquinomycin (DHMEQ), as a candidate therapeutic agent in treatment for variant malignancies
Investigation of Raman Spectra and Ionic Conductivity of Composites Based on NaClO4 and KClO4 Salts Obtained by Mechanoactivation
Received: 27 November 2023. Accepted: 6 March 2024. Published online: 18 March 2024.The work is aimed at studying the effect of mechanical activation on the structure and electrical conductivity of the NaClO4 β and KClO4 β based composites. Based on the result of the analysis of the DSC curves of the (1βx) NaClO4 β x Al2O3 and (1βx) KClO4 β x Al2O3 composites measured while heating and cooling the samples, it was established that the enthalpy of phase transitions in them decreased with an increase in the concentration of the nanosized dopant. A complication of all active vibrational contours corresponding to internal vibrations of the molecular anion in the composites with increasing Al2O3 concentration and a shift of the band of the fully symmetric stretching vibration v1 (A) to a low-frequency region was revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data, it was determined that for the 0.4NaClO4 β 0.6Al2O3 system subjected to mechanoactivation, the values of specific ionic conductivity increased by two orders of magnitude as compared to that of pure NaClO4, while for the 0.4KClO4 β 0.6Al2O3 system, the values of specific ionic conductivity increased by three orders of magnitude as compared to the initial salt at T = 320 Β°C.This study was carried out using the instruments of the Analytical Center of Collective Use of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° (DHMEQ) ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²
Introduction. Ovarian cancer (OC) is recognized to be a pressing problem of modern oncology. Cytoreductive surgery and combined therapy based on platinum and taxanes play an important role in OC treatment. The response rate to first-line therapy accounts for about 80β90%. However, most patients relapse and develop resistance to therapy. Thus, the search for new effective drugs and new combinations for OC treatment is an urgent task of modern oncology.Aim. To evaluate in vivo the antitumor activity of dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomycin (DHMEQ) and cisplatin combination in an ovarian cancer model.Materials and methods. An experimental model of disseminated OC in rats was used to evaluate antitumor activity. A strain of ovarian tumor (OT) was transplanted into 200 female Wistar rats. The drugs were administered intraperitoneally. The βmedian life expectancyβ was taken as a benchmark for the quality evaluation of experimental treatment.Results. It was found that DHMEQ and cisplatin combination increased the survival rate by 387% (p = 0.005, log-rank test) compared to the control group and by 91% compared to the group of animals treated with cisplatin (p = 0.003, log-rank test) in mono mode. More than 50% of the animals in the DHMEQ + cisplatin group remained alive on day 73 of the experiment. No animals remained alive in the cisplatin group, and only one rat remained in the DHMEQ group.Discussion. Thus, the obtained data demonstrate a potentiating antitumor effect of the DHMEQ + cisplatin combination by 387% compared to the control group.Conclusion. The results of the experiments demonstrated a potentiating antitumor effect of DHMEQ in combination with cisplatin. DHMEQ in combination with cisplatin manifests high efficacy in an in vivo model of ovarian cancer.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π Π°ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (Π Π―) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π Π― Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 80β90 %, Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π Π― ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ in vivo ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° (DHMEQ) ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ².ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π Π― Ρ ΠΊΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ 200 ΠΊΡΡΡ-ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΊ ΠΠΈΡΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΠΠ―). ΠΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ DHMEQ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 387 % (p = 0,005, log-rank test) ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π° 91 % ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π±ΡΠ» Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ (p = 0,003, log-rank test) Π² ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 50 % ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ DHMEQ + ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° 73 ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π° Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ Ρ DHMEQ Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ DHMEQ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° 387 % ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ DHMEQ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ DHMEQ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° in vivo ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²
Π’Π ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠΠΠΠ«Π Π€ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ NF-KB ΠΠΠ Π’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠ¨ΠΠΠ¬ Π ΠΠΠ§ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠ£Π₯ΠΠΠΠ
The transcription factor NF-kB plays a key role in various physiological processes such as immune response, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and inflammation. Controlling the transcriptional activity of a number of genes responsible for different ways of inflammatory processes and of malignant, NF-kB is involved in a wide range of diseases. Special attention deserves part signalnych paths controlled NF-kB, in carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, including tumor and stability to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The combination of cancer and inflammatory processes involving constitutive activation of NF-kB, making it a promising target for pharmacological intervention aimed at cancer therapy.Π’ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡ NF-kB ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ, ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², NF-kB Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
NF-kB, Π² ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅, Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π΅, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎ- ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ NF-kB, Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°
Morphological changes of the gastric mucosa in patients with duodenogasric reflux: relationship with acidity and helicobacter pylori
Purpose: to reveal the peculiarities of the duodenogastric reflux (DGR) impact on acidity and morphological features of the gastric mucosa in patients with "primary" reflux gastritis, as well as in cases of reflux gastritis in combination with H. pylori. Methods: 66 patients with chronic reflux gastritis were examined, 15 people formed a control group. All patients had gastric endoscopy with determination of the gastric acidity and concentration of bile acids. Biopsy material for histological examination was obtained from 55 patients, in 12 cases of suspected intestinal metaplasia additional histochemical (PAS and alcian blue) and immunohistochemical (cytokeratin 20, Villin, carcinoembriogenic antigen, MUC2, CD45) assays were performed. Results: the level of acidity in patients with DGR was higher (pH = 3.55 Β± 2.3) compared to the control group (pH = 6.85 Β± 1.34). Cases of DGR differed from the control group regarding the mononuclear infiltration (p=0,001), foveolar hyperplasia (p=0,001) in both antral and fundic parts of the stomach, mucosal edema (p=0,022) and atrophy (p=0,02) at the level of the antrum, and intestinal metaplasia (p=0,022) at the level of the body. In the presence of H. pylori infection, in addition to the abovementioned signs, infiltration by cells of acute inflammation (p = 0.005) was detected, which indicates an increase in the damaging effect of H. pylori infection in DGR. Conclusion: DGR may lead to "oxidation" of gastric contents. The effect of DGR leads to intestinal metaplasia of the body and atrophy of the antral part of stomach, chronic inflammation and foveolar hyperplasia. The presence of H. pylori boosts the morphological changes in the gastric mucosa caused by DGR.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΠ° (ΠΠΠ ) Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Β«ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΒ» ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ-Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅, Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ H.pylori, ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΠΠ Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 66 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡ-Π³Π°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, 15 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ·ΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π² ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌ. 55 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ 12 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ (ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° Π¨ΠΈΡΡ-ΠΉΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌ) ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ (ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° 20, Π²ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°, MUC2, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π°, CD45) ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΠΠ Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΡΠ΅ (ΡΠ=3,55Β±2,3) ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ (ΡΠ=6,85Β±1,34). ΠΠ· ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅Π°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,001), ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,001) Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ (Ρ=0,022) ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,02) Π°Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°, ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,022) Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ H. pylori, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Ρ=0,005), ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ H. pylori ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ . ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Β«ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ» ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ H. pylori ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°
Integrated methods of combating sheep ectoparasites
Recently, in various countries of the world, in particular, the USA, Germany, Canada, India and Russia, tangible results have been achieved in the use of biological methods for combating zoophilic insects and ecoparasites, the use of microbiological and pyrethroid preparations with a plant base. Zoophilic insects and mites as ecto- and endoparasites parasitize on the body of animals and people cause infestation, that is, parasitosis (entomoses and acarosis), as a result of which the milk productivity of cattle decreases to 30-40 percent, meat productivity annually decreases by 10-12 kilograms, and also negatively affect the growth and development of young animals and lead to death
Π―Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π.Π., Π₯ΠΎΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ·ΠΎΠ² Π.Π₯., ΠΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π¨., ΠΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π·Ρ-Π‘Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎ Π₯., ΠΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π.Π. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π°ΡΡ Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΡΡ Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΏΡΡΠΊ VII., 2008
International audienceΠΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ Π² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡ
ΠΠΌΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ, 7 Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ βΠΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡβ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ-ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎ-ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ βΠΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½β Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π½Π°.ΠΠ»Ρ Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΡΠΈΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ.Π Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π£ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ, Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΏΠ°ΠΊ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π£Π·Π±Π΅ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½.ΠΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ° Π€Π-Π2-Π002 ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ² Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π£Π·Π±Π΅ΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ·ΠΈΠΈ