The Investigation of Cultural Factors Affecting the Sustainable Development in Yazd, Iran

Culture is the main factor and is regarded as the engine of sustainable development that without considering it, development programs would not be successful. Cultural factors play a vital role in sustainable development and sustainable development planning should be based on different cultures. Yazd in many years had considerable share in the field of cultural and religious in the country. But a glance at the current situation of the city that perhaps the cultural climate of the city has been neglected, the continuation of historical role and identity of the city, as well as improvement the lives of residents of the city without understanding the cultural factors affecting sustainable development does not seem possible. In the cultural issues, there are various indices that affect on development. In this paper, combining some of the models include the development of culture and the experiences of other countries and division of the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution, four basic indicators with the sub- indicators for each indicator have been specified. Given the descriptive nature of the investigation, in order to collect required data and test questions the questionnaire has been used. The first part of questionnaire consisted of demographic questions. Other questions have been considered to measure the components and based on assumptions of the study. Questionnaires were distributed on the basis of statistical sampling in Yazd city. The research method is descriptive survey. The study population in our research included Yazd citizens over 18 years old with a history of more than two years residency in the city of Yazd. Based on the results of the questionnaires, the hypothesis of effectiveness of two indicators of identity and social order was accepted and effectiveness of the two indicators of involvement and cultural engagement and social capital was not approved. In the end, some strategies of urban management approach to effectiveness of affective cultural factors on sustainable development have been provided

Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Hepatitis B Virus Infected Patients in Qom Province, Center of Iran

Background: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus that depends on the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) of hepatitis B virus for its replication, developing exclusively in patients with acute or chronic hepatitis B. There are little data regarding the routes of HDV transmission in Iran. The risk factors for HDV infection in Iran are blood transfusion, surgery, family history, Hejamat wet cupping (traditional phlebotomy), tattooing, war injury, dental interventions, and endoscopy.Objectives: We performed this study to determine the prevalence of hepatitis D in the general population of Qom province and the potential risk factors for acquiring HDV.Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study collected 3690 samples from 7 rural clusters and 116 urban clusters. HBs antigen was measured, and if the test was positive, anti-HDV was measured. Ten teams, each consisting of 2 trained members, were assigned to conduct the sampling and administer the questionnaires. The data were analyzed using SPSS.Results: Forty-eight subjects (1.3%) suffered from hepatitis B, and 1 HBsAg-positive case had HDV infection. The prevalence of hepatitis D infection in Qom Province was 0.03%. The prevalence of hepatitis D infection in HBsAg-positive cases was 2%. Our anti-HDV-positive case had a history of tattooing, surgery, and dental surgery. There was no significant relationship between tattooing, surgery history, or dental surgery and hepatitis D infection.Conclusions: The prevalence of hepatitis D in Qom is the the lowest in Iran, similar to a study in Babol (north of Iran)

Examination of cultural factors influence (based on DOCS model) on job satisfaction and employee performance Case study: the social security organization (indirect remedy bureau of Tehran province)

Current study examines the influence of cultural factors based on DOCS model) on job satisfaction and employee performance of social security organization (indirect remedy bureau of Tehran province). Since its goal is the examination of organizational culture factors influence on job satisfaction and employee performance and it is known as a guideline for organization in order to enhance the job satisfaction and performance of its employees and offer higher productivity to it, it is known as applicable research. In this research it is used of simple accidental sampling and gender, background, marital status, age, education, income level, lower position then other colleagues and work units among social security organization employees (indirect remedy bureau of Tehran province) have been included. In order to conduct test, the Denison questionnaire has been used that assess the organizational culture based on 4 dimensions namely involvement, consistency, adaptability and mission. To assess each dimension of above items, 3 indications has been defined that each one is evaluated by 5 questions and wysocki and kromm job satisfaction questionnaire that has 5 dimensions(work, supervisor, enhancement, colleagues, payment) have been applied and likewise performance evaluation questionnaire of social security organization have been used that is compiled by planning and management organization. Organizational culture questionnaire and job satisfaction has been filled by employees and performance questionnaire has been completed by related authorities. The statistical society includes 580 persons who 23L persons by using of sample volume formula have been determined. After analyzing of information that has been done by using of description statistic (average, frequency and deviation standard) and chi square and fisher test in elicit statistics, questionnaires was distributed among 9 work units of indirect remedy bureau of social security organization including par clinic, physicians, auditions, statistic, accounting, education, hospitality, da mage, drugstore. Finally after collection and analyzing of obtained information, the image of social security organization culture has been drawn in indirect remedy bureau of Tehran province that imply on culture status of this organization that based on Denison organizational culture categorization in this organization, the organizational culture is based on continuity. This organization has reached to best situation in adaptability and mission variables and its strategic direction indications and organization learning is higher then intermediate level. 10 other indications is lower then intermediate level. The result is that despite relationship between organizational culture factors with job satisfaction and employee performance, this relationship and its influence among statistical society is not significant, it means that influence of organizational culture factors on job satisfaction and employee performance of social security organization (indirect remedy bureau of Tehran province) is so low that it cannot affect them and thus all of research hypothesis would be rejected meaning there is no significant relationship between each componants of organizational culture