Impact of Transformation Leadership on Affective Employee’s Commitment

Highly motivated employees of an organization can prove their utility. There are various tools and methods by which employees motivational level can be enhanced. One of these tools is the transformational style of manger. In order to save time and money, this study is conducted in Lahore. 11 Banks (Private and Public) were selected for research purpose. The data was collected through questionnaire. A total of about 200 questionnaires were distributed among different employees, however only 150 employees of bank gave their response.so the response rate was 75 %. The study witnesses the positive and significant association between level of employee’s commitment with the organization and transformational leadership style. The research study recommended that mangers should make the best use of their transformational leadership styles in a bid to get the optimum output their employees. It will not only retain the existing employees but would also attract the new employee

Reinvestigating the Role of Coal Consumption in Indian Economy: An ARDL and Causality analysis

The present study investigates the role of coal consumption on the economic growth in India from 1980-2016. We use panel data estimation techniques for long run and VECM Granger causality for short run analysis to find the direction of causality between coal consumption and economic growth. The model specification also incorporates the urbanization, labor, fiscal deficit and service sector value added. In long-run analysis, the results confirm the unidirectional relationship from economic growth to coal consumption. On contrary, in short-run, bidirectional causal relationship between coal consumption and Indian economic growth confirms that higher coal consumption supports the Indian economy through energy. Furthermore, bidirectional causality is confirmed between economic growth and population; besides, the results show the unidirectional causality from service sector to economic growth

Reinvestigating the Role of Coal Consumption in Indian Economy: An ARDL and Causality analysis

The present study investigates the role of coal consumption on the economic growth in India from 1980-2016. We use panel data estimation techniques for long run and VECM Granger causality for short run analysis to find the direction of causality between coal consumption and economic growth. The model specification also incorporates the urbanization, labor, fiscal deficit and service sector value added. In long-run analysis, the results confirm the unidirectional relationship from economic growth to coal consumption. On contrary, in short-run, bidirectional causal relationship between coal consumption and Indian economic growth confirms that higher coal consumption supports the Indian economy through energy. Furthermore, bidirectional causality is confirmed between economic growth and population; besides, the results show the unidirectional causality from service sector to economic growth

The Relationship between Poverty, Income Inequality and Unemployment: Evidence from ARDL and Bound Testing Approach

The paper explores the impact of development expenditure, military expenditure, debt, political stability, foreign direct investment and inflation on poverty, income inequality and unemployment in the context of Pakistan. Time series uninterrupted data is used for the period 1980 to 2014. Income inequality is havoc by which income gap increases between rich and poor of society. Pakistan has an alarming situation of income inequality, poverty and unemployment rate as compared to other developing nations. The empirical findings confirm that increase in development expenditure causes a decrease in poverty and unemployment but inequality increases due to capitalism. There is a negative relationship between military expenditure inequality and unemployment. Foreign direct investment decreases inequality and unemployment. Results also show that political stability is responsible for increasing poverty and unemployment

The Relationship between Poverty, Income Inequality and Unemployment: Evidence from ARDL and Bound Testing Approach

The paper explores the impact of development expenditure, military expenditure, debt, political stability, foreign direct investment and inflation on poverty, income inequality and unemployment in the context of Pakistan. Time series uninterrupted data is used for the period 1980 to 2014. Income inequality is havoc by which income gap increases between rich and poor of society. Pakistan has an alarming situation of income inequality, poverty and unemployment rate as compared to other developing nations. The empirical findings confirm that increase in development expenditure causes a decrease in poverty and unemployment but inequality increases due to capitalism. There is a negative relationship between military expenditure inequality and unemployment. Foreign direct investment decreases inequality and unemployment. Results also show that political stability is responsible for increasing poverty and unemployment

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