Smooth cohomology of (C^*-algebras)

We define a notion of smooth cohomology for ( C^* )-algebras which admit a faithful trace. We show that if ( Asubseteq B(h) ) is a ( C^* )-algebra with a faithful normal trace ( tau ) on the ultra-weak closure ( bar{A} ) of ( mathcal{A} ), and ( X ) is a normal dual operatorial ( bar{A})-bimodule, then the first smooth cohomology ( mathcal{H}^1_{s}(mathcal{A},X) ) of ( mathcal{A} ) is equal to ( mathcal{H}^1(mathcal{A},X_{tau})), where ( X_{tau} ) is a closed submodule of ( X ) consisting of smooth elements

A simple method to predict different failure mode of sandwich composite panel with honeycomb core: application to marine structure

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Relationship between perceived organizational support, leadership behavior, and job satisfaction: an empirical study in Iran

As the second largest producer of cement after Egypt in the Middle East, Iran planned to increase production from 33 million ton/yr (Mt/yr) currently to 70 Mt/yr by 2021 due to increase in local demand and also to compete in export markets (Dehqan, 2002). Thus, Iran is experiencing some changes in workforce participation in order to achieve high level of organisational performance and effectiveness. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of leadership behavior and perceived organisational support on the job satisfaction of Iranian employees. Data were collected through questionnaire from 136 employees working in Tehran Cement Company. Consideration leadership behavior was found to have significant impact on both intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction whereas perceived organisational support was significantly related to extrinsic job satisfaction. Interestingly, the interaction of leadership behavior and perceived organisational support were not significantly related to job satisfaction. The implications to human resource development for organizations that want to increase employee commitment is to focus on improving the quality of the supportive relationships between the employees and both the leader and the organisationPeer Reviewe

Leaf anatomical characteristics in safflower genotypes as affected by drought stress

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a drought-tolerant species that grows in arid and semi-arid environments exposing to long periods of water deficit stress. Structure and functions of the plant organs including leaf anatomy are affected by drought stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of drought stress on some leaf anatomical traits including leaf thickness, upper and lower epidermal thickness, xylem width, metaxylem diameter, and vascular bundle width and their relationship with grain yield using 20 safflower genotypes under field conditions. A randomized complete block design was used in each of the non-stress and drought stress field conditions. Analysis of variance showed that drought stress significantly reduced all variables measured except vascular bundle width. The results also revealed the positive and significant correlations between grain yield with leaf thickness (r = 0.53**) and xylem width (r = 0.51**) under drought stress conditions. Due to this fact, the leaves thickness and xylem width could be considered key structural features of leaves that manage the ability of a safflower genotype to tolerate water deficit stress. Therefore these traits could be used as criteria to select tolerant genotype that were more tolerant to drought

An assessment of residents’ and fellows’ personal finance literacy: An unmet medical education need

Objectives: This study aimed to assess residents' and fellows' knowledge of finance principles that may affect their personal financial health. Methods: A cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based survey was administered to a convenience sample of residents and fellows at two academic medical centers. Respondents answered 20 questions on personal finance and 28 questions about their own financial planning, attitudes, and debt. Questions regarding satisfaction with one's financial condition and investment-risk tolerance used a 10-point Likert scale (1=lowest, 10=highest). Of 2,010 trainees, 422 (21%) responded (median age 30 years; interquartile range, 28-33). Results: The mean quiz score was 52.0% (SD = 19.1). Of 299 (71%) respondents with student loan debt, 144 (48%) owed over $200,000. Many respondents had other debt, including 86 (21$25,000. Respondents' mean satisfaction with their current personal financial condition was 4.8 (SD = 2.5) and investment-risk tolerance was 5.3 (SD = 2.3). Indebted trainees reported lower satisfaction than trainees without debt (4.4 vs. 6.2, F (1,419) = 41.57, p < .001). Knowledge was moderately correlated with investment-risk tolerance (r=0.41, p < .001), and weakly correlated with satisfaction with financial status (r=0.23, p < .001). Conclusions: Residents and fellows had low financial literacy and investment-risk tolerance, high debt, and deficits in their financial preparedness. Adding personal financial education to the medical education curriculum would benefit trainees. Providing education in areas such as budgeting, estate planning, investment strategies, and retirement planning early in training can offer significant long-term benefits.Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

PREDICTION OF SOFT TISSUE PROFILE CHANGES FOLLOWING ORTHODONTIC RETRACTION OF INCISORS IN IRANIAN GIRLS

To study the relationship between incisor retraction and soft tissue profile alterations and to identify and quantify the parameters that influence it. Methods: Pre-and posttreatment lateral cephalograms of 37 Class I and Class II Division 1 Iranian females in whom at least one maxillary premolar was bilaterally extracted were analyzed and compared. Results: Significant positive correlations were found between retraction of the maxillary and mandibular incisors and posterior movement of the upper lip (r= 0.53, P &lt;. ..