Effects of in vitro exposure of mercury on sperm quality and fertility of tropicalfish Cyprinus carpio L.

Mercury is a widespread aquatic pollutant that adversely affects the reproductive system of male fish. Although the effects of mercuric chloride (HgCl) on the testicular structure, the sperm count and altered sperm morphology of fish have been investigated, the effects on sperm quality and fertilization are unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of HgCl 2 2 exposure in different concentrations (0; 0.5; 1; 2.5; 5 ppm) on sperm parameters and fertility of male Cyprinus carpio. Sperm quality parameters, including mass and individual time of sperm motility (s), and viability (%) were measured using digital inverted microscopy. The fertilization (%) was measured by counting the number of fertilized eggs. Integrity or DNA fragmentation (%) was measured by Acridine orange test (AOT) using fluorescence microscopy. The change of sperm membrane surface was examined using scan-ning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the in vitro exposure of mercury could signif-icantly decrease some parameters of fish sperm qualities, i.e. decreased the time for mass and individual motility, viability, DNA fragmentation, and fertilization ability (P < 0.05) and significantly increase the malondialdehyde levels of sperm (P < 0.05). In addition, Hg exposure altered the morphological structure of the sperm head and interfered with the development of embryos in fish eggs

Morphometric variations of fish from Brantas river, East Java, Indonesia

The present study aimed to investigate the morphometric measurements and body weight of fish that live in the Brantas River, East Java. The sampling method of fish was done by capturing fish using nets, then morphometric measurements including fish weight. Sampling was carried out in two locations, including upstream anddownstream of Brantas River in 2016. Furthermore, sampling for each location was repeated twice with 100 m distance differ. All data analysis were performed using SPSS version 21. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) from morphometric measurements to body weight of fish, except Barbonymusgonionotus and Barbonymus balleroides in both locations. In addition, the fish that live upstream of the river have ahigher morphometric measurements than those living downstream of the Brantas river

Pelatihan Pembuatan Manisan Sayuran Bagi Paguyuban Ibu Rumah Tangga Di Daerah Pesisir Pantai Timur, Surabaya, Jawa Timur

Community Partnership Program (PKM) Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University with partners of housewives in Keputih Timur Water Pump has conducted community empowerment activities aimed at overcoming partner problems, namely low levels of knowledge of the mothers of the community towards vegetable processing and no additional income as well. The community emporement team acts as an instructor in providing training. In the first phase of the training that had been carried out was training on food preservation and making sweets of carrot, chili, tomato and star fruit vegetables. The training is conducted by lecturing and discussion. To evaluate the implementation of activities in the form of pretest and posttest, as well as the practice of making sweets. The pretest and postest was given after delivery of the material given. The success of socialization is determined by the increase in value between the pretest and posttest

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of the Northern Mud Gudgeon, Ophiocara porocephala (Perciformes: Eleotridae) with phylogenetic implications

The first mitochondrial genome of Ophiocara porocephala was determined by the combination of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing methods. A complete circular mitogenome of O. porocephala (16,529 bp) consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, two ribosomal RNAs, and two non-coding regions, including a control region (D-loop) and a light strand origin of replication (OL). Two start codons (ATG and GTG) and four stop codons (TAG, TAA, TA–, and T–) were used in all the PCGs. Except for ND6 and eight transfer RNAs (tRNAs), all the other genes were encoded in the heavy strand. Based on phylogenetic analysis, O. porocephala formed a clade with three other species in the subfamily Butinae, while the other 10 made a subfamily Eleotrinae clade

Mitogenome Announcement Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of golden tank goby, Glossogobius aureus (Perciformes: Gobiidae)

We applied next-generation sequencing (NGS) method to construct the complete mitochondrial genome of Glossogobius aureus. The obtained mitogenome of G. aureus (16,590 bp) exhibited a typical structure harboring 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and one control regions (D-loop). Most of mitochondrial genes are encoded on the heavy (H) strand, except for eight tRNAs and ND6. Unusual start codons were identified in COX1 (GTG) and ATP6 (TTG). Six genes (ND2, COX2, COX3, ND3, ND4, and CytB) were terminated by an incomplete stop codon (TA−/T–). A phylogenetic study showed that Glossogobius formed a clade distinct from other species in the subfamily Gobiinae. G. aureus was most closely related to G. giuris with 87.04% sequence identity among the four species in the genus Glossogobius

The complete mitochondrial genome of the longneck croaker, pseudotolithus typus Bleeker, 1863 from Sierra Leone

The complete mitochondrial DNA information of Pseudotolithus typus Bleeker, 1863, collected from Sierra Leone was determined using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinfromatic analysis. Its mitogenome (16,504 bp) encoded the typical 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNAs (12S & 16S), and 22 tRNAs. All 13 PCGs showed a standard start codon (ATG) but an unusual stop codon (AGA) was identified in COX1 gene. Except for ND6, all 12 PCGs were encoded on the light strand. Except for tRNASer-GCT, 21 tRNAs formed the typical clover-leaf structures. Phylogenetic analysis showed three mitochondrial genomes in the genus Pseudotolithus formed a clade distinct from the other species in the same family. The mitogenome of P. typus identified in this study exhibited 96.27% and 88.86% identity to T. typus in the Guinean water and P. elongatus, respectively. Additional mitogenome sequences of Pseudotolithus species will provide useful information for their scientific management in western African countries

Mitochondriomics of <i>Clarias</i> Fishes (Siluriformes: Clariidae) with a New Assembly of <i>Clarias camerunensis</i>: Insights into the Genetic Characterization and Diversification

The mitogenome of an endemic catfish Clarias camerunensis was determined from the Cameroon water. This circular mitogenome was 16,511 bp in length and comprised 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, and a single AT-rich control region. The heavy strand accommodates 28 genes, whereas the light strand is constituted by ND6 and eight transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. The C. camerunensis mitochondrial genome is AT biased (56.89%), as showcased in other Clarias species. The comparative analyses revealed that most of the Clarias species have 6 overlapping and 11 intergenic spacer regions. Most of the PCGs were initiated and terminated with the ATG start codon and TAA stop codon, respectively. The tRNAs of C. camerunensis folded into the distinctive cloverleaf secondary structure, except trnS1. The placement of the conserved domains in the control region was similar in all the Clarias species with highly variable nucleotides in CSB-I. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian-based matrilineal phylogenies distinctly separated all Clarias species into five clades on the basis of their known distributions (South China, Sundaland, Indochina, India, and Africa). The TimeTree analysis revealed that the two major clades (Indo-Africa and Asia) of Clarias species might have diverged during the Paleogene (≈28.66 MYA). Our findings revealed the separation of Indian species (C. dussumieri) and African species (C. camerunensis and Clarias gariepinus) took place during the Paleogene, as well as the South Chinese species (Clarias fuscus) and Sundaland species (Clarias batrachus) splits from the Indochinese species (Clarias macrocephalus) during the Neogene through independent colonization. This pattern of biotic relationships highlights the influence of topography and geological events in determining the evolutionary history of Clarias species. The enrichment of mitogenomic data and multiple nuclear loci from their native range or type locality will confirm the true diversification of Clarias species in African and Asian countries