Rainbow smelt <i>Osmerus mordax dentex </i>in the shelf zone and inland water bodies of Kamchatka: state of stock, fishery, and biological structure

Stock and biological structure of rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax dentex in the water bodies of Kamchatka are considered. In total, 14,156 individuals are analyzed in 2005-2013; age is determined for 11,954 of them. The stock is assessed by bottom trawl and Danish seine surveys in the shelf zone of Kamchatka (13 surveys in 2005-2013). State of the stock is evaluated as good, in general, but some unbalance between its northern and southern parts is noted in recent years: the former one grows and its state is very good recently but the latter one has a tendency to decrease though its state is still satisfactory. Dynamics of the major biological parameters of smelt, as sex ratio, body size and weight, and age structure, indicate also some features of its southern sub-stock degradation, as size and weight decreasing and lowering the age in catches. In particular, these changes are clear in the Petropavlovsk-Commander fishery district, where they are presumably caused by large-scale unregulated sport and amateur fisheries with the summary annual landing about 1-2 thousand tons of rainbow smelt that is comparable with its commercial withdrawal. These activities affect mostly on immature fish that destruct the whole stock of rainbow smelt

Assessment of the impact of the state cadastre of real estate on a budget income

The article deals with the results of the analysis of the reform of land and property relations aimed at the formation of an objective basis for the taxation of real estate. The study of foreign experience has confirmed the right direction of the formation of an objective basis for taxation of real estate in Russia. The influence of the created state real estate cadaster on the structure of budget revenues of regional and local budgets is reveale

Nootropic effects of Filipendula vulgaris Moench water extract fractions

Nootropic activity of water extract fractions from aerial parts of Filipendula vulgaris Moench was demonstrated on the models of hermetic volume hypoxia, conditioned passive avoidance response, open field test, and forced swimming with a load. The fractions stimulated hypoxic resistance, normalized orientation and exploratory behavior, improved conditioned response reproduction during testing after hypoxic injury, and increased exercise tolerance. Fractionation of the extract led to dissociation of the effect components, which suggests that individual constituents have specific characteristics. Ethylacetate fraction exhibited most pronounced nootropic activity and was superior to plant extract by some characteristics. The detected effects seemed to be caused by modulation of the hippocampus activity the under the effects of phenol and triterpene compounds

Nootropic effects of Filipendula vulgaris Moench water extract fractions

Nootropic activity of water extract fractions from aerial parts of Filipendula vulgaris Moench was demonstrated on the models of hermetic volume hypoxia, conditioned passive avoidance response, open field test, and forced swimming with a load. The fractions stimulated hypoxic resistance, normalized orientation and exploratory behavior, improved conditioned response reproduction during testing after hypoxic injury, and increased exercise tolerance. Fractionation of the extract led to dissociation of the effect components, which suggests that individual constituents have specific characteristics. Ethylacetate fraction exhibited most pronounced nootropic activity and was superior to plant extract by some characteristics. The detected effects seemed to be caused by modulation of the hippocampus activity the under the effects of phenol and triterpene compounds