Correlation between the dmft score of 6 year children and the concentration of fluoride in drinking water from the South-East region region of the Republic of Macedonia

The survey covered 95 students, from 1 central and 4 regional primary schools, at which the dmft/ DMFT index was determined. Children live in the city of Strumica and four different villages. Five water samples were taken from the test area to determine the fluorine concentration by electrochemical method using the pH / ISE meter-Thermo-Orion with a special F-electrode (Thermo Orion Ion Plus Fluoride Electrode) at the Institute of public health. A Spearman method was used to determine the correlation between the specified variables. Results: The total number of children in the examined sample was 95, out of which 52 (54.7%) were female and 43 (45.3%) were male. The average dmft index in this group of children was 5.29, with a standard deviation of ± 4.3 for primary dentition, and an average DMFT index of 0.07 ± 0.3 for permanent dentition. Maximum concentrations of fluorine in drinking water of 0.14 ppmF were determined in the village of Veljusa and the village of Vodocha (0.11 ppmF), while the minimum (0.08 ppmF) in the city of Strumica and in the villages of Dobrejci and Banica. The correlation between the value of the dmft index from 6 years old children from the Southeast region and the concentration of fluorine in drinking water, was a negative, indirect correlation with the value of the coefficient r = -0 -049. Negative, statistically indirect correlation, there is also detected between the value of the DMFT index of permanent teeth in the group of 6-year-olds and the fluorine concentration in the Southeast region (R = -0.085, p\u3e 0.05). Conclusion: The correlation between the dmft /DMFT index and the concentration of drinking water is negative, indirect correlation, but statistically, this correlation is insignificant (p\u3e 0.05)

Marginal bone resorption at dental implant – RTG analysis

Dental implants are modern solutions, they compensate for the lost tooth or teeth in the maxilla or mandible. Their target is to improve the mastication, esthetics, and phonation. They are made of metal, metal alloys or non-metallic materials. An important factor for successful implantation is biocompactibility. Bone resorption is the destruction of bone tissue, and the loss of bone tissue is conducted by osteoclasts and mononuclear cells. In this fi nal paper are described the peri-implant diseases exactly the peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. This diseases are complication of ossteointegrated dental implants, and they make changes of the soft and bone tissue around the implant. They bring marginal bone resorption, around the dental implant, and they do destruction of the bone tissue. RTG analysis were made, with intention to see how much the marginal bone resorption is around the dental implants