Effect of glutamine supplementation on left colon healing in rats with extrahepatic biliary obstruction

Purpose: to evaluate the influence of glutamine and obstructive jaundice on left colon healing in rats. Methods: sixteen male rats were allocated across four groups: LG - Common bile duct ligation followed by colotomy and bowel suture on postoperative day 7. Supplementation with glutamine 2% from day 4 after duct ligation until euthanasia. L - Common bile duct ligation followed by colotomy and bowel suture on postoperative day 7. No glutamine supplementation. M - Common bile duct manipulation followed by colotomy and bowel suture on postoperative day 7. No glutamine supplementation. MG - Common bile duct manipulation followed by colotomy and bowel suture on postoperative day 7. Supplementation with glutamine 2% from day 4 after duct manipulation until euthanasia. On the day of euthanasia, bursting pressure of the sutured bowel segment was measured and samples were collected for histopathological analysis. Results: there were no differences in bursting pressure among groups : LG vs. M (110 ± 28 vs. 173 ± 12; p = 0.08). Groups L and MG were not different from group M (156 ± 12 and 118 ± 22. Glutamine supplementation was associated with less edema, polymorphonuclear lymphocyte infiltration, bacterial colonies, and abscess formation, as well as with increased collagen formation. Conclusion: obstructive jaundice had no negative effect and glutamine supplementation had no positive effect on colonic scar strength in rats

Effect of vitamin K1 supplementation on left colon healing in rats with extrahepatic biliary obstruction

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of vitamin K1 on wound healing in the left colon of rats with experimental biliary obstruction.METHODS: Sixteen male rats, divided into four groups of four animals each (L, M, LK, and MK), underwent colostomy followed by bowel suture in the left colon. Seven days before, animals in the L and LK groups had undergone common bile duct ligation. The animals in groups MK and LK received vitamin K1 supplementation. On day 7 after bowel suture, repeat laparotomy was performed for evaluation of colonic healing by burst pressure measurement and collection of samples for histopathological analysis. Changes in body weight were evaluated in the four groups.RESULTS:Weight loss was lower in animals supplemented with vitamin K. No significant differences were observed in burst pressure among the four groups (p>0.05). Histological analysis showed more hemorrhage and congestion in the biliary obstruction groups. Supplemented animals exhibited increased collagen formation and less edema and abscess formation.CONCLUSION:Vitamin K supplementation attenuated weight loss and improved colonic wound healing in rats

Comparative analysis of factors associated with poor ovarian response to stimulation in IVF cycles

Introdução: A má resposta ao estímulo ovariano em ciclo de fertilização in vitro têm incidência estimada em 9-24%. Os critérios utilizados para caracterizar este grupo de pacientes são diversos, dificultando a avaliação de fatores de risco, desfechos clínicos associados e a proposição de novos tratamentos. Os mais usados são os critérios de Bologna e a classificação de Poseidon. Objetivo: Classificar uma coorte de pacientes inférteis de acordo com os critérios de Poseidon. Comparar perfil demográfico, fatores de risco dos subgrupos e analisar as diferenças nos desfechos clínicos a partir de diferentes protocolos de estimulação. Método: Estudo de observacional, retrospectivo e analítico com base em levantamento de 558 ciclos de reprodução assistida realizados entre os anos 2015 e 2018 no Centro de Reprodução Humana Mário Covas do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Os ciclos foram subdivididos conforme os critérios de Poseidon, e foram feitas comparações entre os subgrupos e relativas a um grupo controle de pacientes que coletaram número maior ou igual a 10 óvulos no ciclo, sendo este grupo subdividido em pacientes menores de 35 anos (C1) e maiores de 35 anos (C2). Resultados: Os grupos 3, 4 e 2 A de Poseidon tiveram menor quantidade de óvulos recuperados. O grupo 4 teve menor quantidade de embriões formados. Os grupos 1B e C1 tiveram maior taxa de gestação clínica, não foi observada diferença na taxa de nascidos vivos provavelmente devido ao pequeno número de casos. Conclusão: A idade da mulher, mais que a reserva ovariana, é o principal determinante de sucesso de um ciclo de fertilização in vitroIntroduction: Poor ovarian response to stimulation in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle has an estimated incidence of 9-24%. The criteria used to characterize this group of patients are heterogeneous, making it difficult to address risk factors, to determine prognosis and to propose novel treatment options. The most used diagnostic criteria are the Bologna criteria and the Poseidon classification. Objective: To classify a cohort of infertile patients according to Poseidon criteria. To compare demographic profile, risk factors of subgroups and analyze differences in clinical outcomes from different stimulation protocols. Method: This is an observational, retrospective study, based on data collection from assisted reproduction cycles performed between 2015 and 2018 at a single quaternary center in Brazil. The cycles were subdivided according to Poseidon\'s criteria, and comparisons were made between the subgroups and relative to a control group of patients who retrieved a number greater than or equal to 10 oocytes, this group being then subdivided in patients younger than 35 years (C1) and over 35 years old (C2). Results: Groups 3, 4 and 2 A of Poseidon had less oocytes recovered. Group 4 had a smaller number of embryos formed. Groups 1B and C1 had a higher rate of clinical pregnancy. There was no significant difference in the rate of live births, probably due to the small number of cases. Conclusion: Woman\'s age, more than the ovarian reserve, is the main determinant of success of an in vitro fertilization cycl