Young Librarians Unite: Possibilities for Professional Transformation in Japanese Librarianship / Eriko Amano

The interorganizational networking communities have spontaneously emerged among young Japanese librarians in recent years. This study explores the role of the communities from the perspectives of professional knowledge management, social networks and social capital, and the possibilities to reconstruct the Japanese librarianship. The research questions consist of; What outcomes did young librarians who hadparticipated in the interorganizational social networking communities get especially in terms of knowledge acquisition and affections?What possibilities do the young librarians communities have to transform Japanese librarianship? Method –Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 5 librarians to gain insight into how they engage in and feel about outside social networking activities and training opportunities. Findings –The results showed that the young librarians‘ voluntary communities helped build social networks, provided opportunities for the transfer of tacit knowledge, and was felt to be a source of motivation for the participants. They also suggested that they had possibilities to give a significant impact on the transition of the Japanese librarianship

Cigarette smoke extract impairs gingival epithelial barrier function

We previously showed that junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM1) and coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR), tight junction-associated proteins, have important roles to maintain epithelial barrier function in gingival tissues. Smoking is considered to be a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. The present study was conducted to examine the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on JAM1 and CXADR in human gingival epithelial cells. CSE was found to cause translocation of JAM1 from the cellular surface to EGFR-positive endosomes, whereas CXADR did not. Using a three-dimensional multilayered gingival epithelial tissue model, CSE administration was found to increase permeability to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan, whereas overexpression of JAM1 in the tissue model prevented penetration by those substrates. Furthermore, vitamin C increased JAM1 expression, and inhibited penetration of LPS and PGN induced by CSE. These findings strongly suggest that CSE disrupts gingival barrier function via dislocation of JAM1, thus allowing bacterial virulence factors to penetrate into subepithelial tissues. Furthermore, they indicate that vitamin C increases JAM1 expression and prevents disruption of gingival barrier function by CSE.Yamaga S., Tanigaki K., Nakamura E., et al. Cigarette smoke extract impairs gingival epithelial barrier function. Scientific Reports 13, 9228 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36366-z

Development and validation of questionnaires for eating‐related distress among advanced cancer patients and families

Background: Eating‐related distress (ERD) is one type of psychosocial distress among advanced cancer patients and family caregivers. Its alleviation is a key issue in palliative care; however, there is no validated tool for measuring ERD. Methods: The purpose of this study was to validate tools for evaluating ERD among patients and family caregivers. The study consisted of a development and validation/retest phase. In the development phase, we made preliminary questionnaires for patients and family caregivers. After face validity and content validity, we performed an exploratory factor analysis and discussed the final adoption of items. In the validation/retest phase, we examined factor validity with an exploratory factor analysis. We calculated Pearson's correlation coefficients between the questionnaire for patients, the Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy Anorexia Cachexia Subscale (FAACT ACS) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Cachexia 24 (EORTC QLQ‐CAX24) and Pearson's correlation coefficients between the questionnaire for family caregivers and the Caregiver Quality of Life Index‐Cancer (CQOLC) for concurrent validity. We calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficients (Cronbach's alpha) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for internal consistency and test–retest reliability. We performed the Mann–Whitney U test between the questionnaires and cancer cachexia based on criteria from the international consensus for known‐group validity. Results: In the development phase, 162 pairs of patients and family caregivers were asked to participate, and 144 patients and 106 family caregivers responded. In the validation/retest phase, 333 pairs of patients and family caregivers were asked to participate, and 234 patients and 152 family caregivers responded. Overall, 183 patients and 112 family caregivers did the retest. Seven conceptual groups were extracted for the ERD among patients and family caregivers, respectively. Patient factors 1–7 correlated with FAACT ACS (r = −0.63, −0.43, −0.55, −0.40, −0.38, −0.54, −0.38, respectively) and EORTC QLQ‐CAX24 (r = 0.58, 0.40, 0.60, 0.49, 0.38, 0.59, 0.42, respectively). Family factors 1–7 correlated with CQOLC (r = −0.34, −0.30, −0.37, −0.37, −0.46, −0.42, −0.40, respectively). The values of Cronbach's alpha and ICC of each factor and all factors of patients ranged from 0.84 to 0.96 and 0.67 to 0.83, respectively. Those of each factor and all factors of family caregivers ranged from 0.84 to 0.96 and 0.63 to 0.84, respectively. The cachexia group of patients had significantly higher scores than the non‐cachexia group for each factor and all factors. Conclusions: Newly developed tools for measuring ERD experienced by advanced cancer patients and family caregivers have been validated

ウシ ト ソノ キンエンシュ ノ キョウツウ セッケッキュウ コウゲン

ウシとその近縁家畜に共通する赤血球抗原を特定するために,アジア在来牛,バリウシ,ガヤール,ヤク,スイギュウ,ベゾアー,ヤギおよびヒツジの計1,000頭以上について,32種類のウシ血液型判定用モノクローナル抗体を用いた試験を行なった。これらの家畜はウシと34.4～87.5%の赤血球抗原を共有していた。共通抗原の数から推定すると,ウシ亜属(Bos)とガウア亜属(Bibos)間は,ウシ亜属(Bos)とヤク亜属(Poehagus)間より近縁であった。A2抗原は調べた8種全てに分布する抗原だった。Fc抗原の存在はウシ亜科とヤギ亜科の動物を区別した。すなわちウシ,バリウシ,ガヤール,ヤク,スイギュウのすべての個体がFc抗原を持つのに対し,ヤギやヒツジでFcをもつ個体は認められなかった。To detect common erythrocyte antigens among cattle and their close relatives, extensive tests on red blood cells from more than 1,000 animals including several indigenous cattle from various Asian countries, Bali cattle, Gayal, Yaks, Water buffaloes, Bezoar and some breeds of goats and sheep were screened with thirty-two bovine red blood group monoclonal antibodies. The five species except cattle, Bezoar and Gayal shared 34.4-87.5% of erythrocyte antigens with cattle. Based on the number of common erythrocyte antigens in each species, the relationships between subgenera Bos and Bibos was closer than that between subgenera Bos and Poephagus. The A2 antigen was distributed among all the eight species screened. The presence of the Fc antigen could be used to distinguish subfamily Bovinae from subfamily Caprinae ; that is all individuals of cattle, Bali cattle, Gayal, Yaks and Water buffaloes had the Fc antigen but not goats nor sheep

Creating the Future Ecosystem of Academic Resources in Kyushu University

Kyushu University Library has spent much energy to develop the ecosystem of academic resources including the library rich collections and the university research outputs. In the process of development, we have adjusted many aspects of the library at the level of both technical management and human resources.IFLA World Library and Information Congress, 79th IFLA General Conference and Assembly, 17-23 August 2013, Singapor

Creating the Future Ecosystem of Academic Resources in Kyushu University

IFLA World Library and Information Congress, 79th IFLA General Conference and Assembly, 17-23 August 2013, SingaporeKyushu University Library has spent much energy to develop the ecosystem of academic resources including the library rich collections and the university research outputs. In the process of development, we have adjusted many aspects of the library at the level of both technical management and human resources

Oesophageal submucosal hematoma after flow diverter embolization with favourable outcome treated by discontinuing postoperative antiplatelet therapy for only three days: a case report

Abstract Background Oesophageal submucosal hematoma is a rare perioperative complication. When this complication develops after endovascular surgery, which requires postoperative antiplatelet therapy, whether to stop antiplatelet therapy or not is controversial. If antiplatelet therapy is discontinued, the appropriate time to resume antiplatelet therapy is unclear. Case presentation A 75-year-old woman (height 134 cm, weight 37 kg) underwent flow diverter embolization for unruptured cerebral aneurysm under general anaesthesia. The patient received dual antiplatelet therapy before surgery and anticoagulation therapy intraoperatively. After surgery, the patient developed hematemesis and was diagnosed with oesophageal submucosal hematoma. Conservative treatment was initiated after discontinuing antiplatelet therapy, which was resumed 3 days after surgery. The patient showed good recovery even after the resumption of antiplatelet therapy. Conclusions In our case, we successfully treated oesophageal submucosal hematoma developing after endovascular surgery with early resumption of postoperative antiplatelet therapy

つながる人とデータ : IFLA WLIC 2013におけるLinked Dataとコミュニティ活動

Linked Dataは，2013年8月にシンガポールで開催されたIFLA World Library Information Congressで最も話題となっていたテーマの一つである。本稿では，Linked Dataに関するサテライト・ミーティングで発表された各国の事例等を紹介し，Linked Dataが大学図書館で実際に活用されるようになった場合のインパクトとそれによる業務の変化について考察する。また，IFLAは，Linked Data以外にも，様々な課題に取り組む多くの図書館員のグローバルな実践コミュニティ活動に支えられている。中でもユニークな取り組みを行っている，新しい図書館員を支援するネットワークとしてNew Professionals Special Interest Groupの活動を紹介し，日本の大学図書館員がこのようなグローバルな活動に関わる可能性について述べる。Linked Data was one of the most popular themes at the IFLA World Library Information Congress that was held in Singapore in August 2013. In this paper, the author introduces examples of linked data from a variety of countries that were presented at the satellite meeting and considers the impact and changes to workflows when university libraries really begin to utilize linked data. In addition to Linked Data, IFLA supports a number of global community activities for librarians. One of the more unique groups is the New Professionals Special Interest Group, which supports networking for new professionals. The author explains how Japanese university library staff can become involved in these types of global activities