EFEK PEMBERIAN DOSIS BERULANG EKSTRAK ETANOL 80% DAUN Helianthus annuus L. PADA MENCIT TERINFEKSI Plasmodium berghei

Sunflower that has Latin name Helianthus annuus L is a family of Asteraceae. Empirically sunflower leaves have been used as antimalarial drugs. But until now there is still no scientific evidence about the effectiveness of sunflower leaf extract as an antimalarial drug. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of 80% ethanolic extract of Helianthus annuus L. leaves against mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Helianthus annuus L. leaves were macerated using 80% ethanol and tested in vivo using a four-day Peter suppressive test in mice weighing 20-30 gram. Mice infected with blood donor mice containing red blood cells infected with Plasmodium berghei with parasitemia > 20%. The extract would be administered for 4 consecutive daysorally with dose 0,1; 1; 10; 100 mg / kg body weight if parasite level in mice reach 1-2%. Blood smear sampling from each rat was performed to determine the level of parasitemia for five days compared with untreated subjects, then ED50 was calculated from the analysis of the inhibition level within five days with probit analysis. The results showed that ethanol extract of 80% of H. annuus L. leaves the largest dose of 100 mg / kgBW can inhibit 82.05% and have ED50 value of 2.27 mg / kgBW. Based on the results obtained, further research that can be done is the antimalarial toxicity test of 80% ethanol extract of Helianthus annuus L leaves, so it can see the safety of the ethanol extract 80% of leaves Helianthus annuus L. as antimalarial drugs

Antimalarial Activity of Multiple Dose on Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice and Heme Detoxification Inhibitory Activity of Helianthus annuus L. Leaf Extract

Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower) is traditionally used to treat malaria. Crude extracts of the plant leaves are found to be active against Plasmodium falciparum in in vitro antimalarial activity assay. In the present study, we aimed to investigate in vivo antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei in mice and heme detoxification inhibitory activity of 80% ethanol extract of H. annuus leaves. In vivo antimalarial activity was carried out using the Peters’ 4-day suppressive test against P. berghei in BALB/c mice. Animals were treated orally twice a day for 4 days with 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg of 80% ethanol extracts, respectively. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine was used as a positive control. Heme detoxification inhibitory activity was carried out by using the method of Basilico which had been modified and the absorbance was read by ELISA reader at a wavelength of 405 nm. Chloroquine was used as a positive control. The results showed that inhibition of in vivo antimalarial activity against P. berghei in mice increased along with the increasing dose. In repeated dose, ED50 was found to be 1.489 mg/kg. Heme detoxification inhibitory activity results showed that IC50 values for 80% ethanol extract and positive control were 0.690 and 0.688 mg/mL, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between 80% ethanol extract and positive control (p>0.05). The results showed that 80% ethanol extract of H. annuus L. leaf administered twice a day gives a strong activity both as an antimalarial in vivo and heme detoxification inhibitory

Antimalarial Activity of Multiple Dose on Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice and Heme Detoxification Inhibitory Activity of Helianthus annuus L. Leaf Extract

Abstract Antimalarial Activity of Multiple Dose on Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice and Heme Detoxification Inhibitory Activity of Helianthus annuus L. Leaf Extract