The control of permanent magnet synchronous motor drive based on the space vector pulse width modulation and fractional order PID controller

This study explains a new way to speed control for PMSMs based on the FOC and SVPWM techniques employed in the building of the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). When it comes to current control, two inner and one outside feedback loops were used. Feedback control with FOPID controllers is used to optimize the performance of PMSM motor design. FOPID parameters were optimized using genetic algorithms in MATLAB/Simulink simulations. Good dynamic and static qualities are demonstrated through simulation results. There is also a comparison of PMSM PID and FOPID controllers included

Evaluation of Calvatia Craniformis Mushroom Activity in Treatment of Ringworm Disease Ion Cattle

In order to determine and treatment of the dermatophytosis , that infections in cattle, skin scraping samples were collected from thirty cattle which showed clinical  signs of skin diseases from some farms in different areas in Diyala  governorate. The isolation results in cattle samples showed that (90%) were positive for fungal isolation. The main fungal species that isolated included Trichophyton verrucosum. Three different concentration of Calvatia craniformis mushroom ointment are prepared to obtain (0.25%,0.50% and 1%) of the mushroom ointment respectively and then applied topically to lesion  once daily.Sixty infected cattles in different age and sex were involved in our study  and divided into two  groups ; the first is treatment group and, the second is the control group. The treatment group includes thirty patients  were treated by one of the three concentrations ( Ten patients 0.25% , Ten patients 0.50%, Ten patients 1% concentrations). The control group included thirty patients was treated by 1% sulpher ointment . The 1% mushroom ointment significantly reduce  clearance time  (P<0.05) in comparison with the control group , while other concentration produce non significant changes in clearance time , therefore this substance in all preparations is effective in the treatment of ringworm  . Keywords: ringworm, dermatophytosis, Calvatia craniformi

The Effect of Clearance on the Performance of Machine Husking Rubber Rolls for Two

تاثير الخلوص  بين الاسطوانات لنوع الماكنة Yanmar rubber roll- ST  50 على نوعية تقشير الرز ونسبة التكسر لتقييم  صنفين من الرز تارم هاشمي وديلماني والخلوص بين الاسطوانات لمكائن التقشير تحت ثلاث مستويات مختلفة 0.4,0.6 و 0.8 ملم. باستخدام تصميم التجربة CRD  وبثلاث مكررات اظهرت النتائج تفوق صنف الرز تارم هاشمي معنويا على صنف الرز ديلماني في جميع الصفات المدروسة. كانت هناك علاقة ايجابية بين زيادة الخلوص على نسبة الحبة الكاملة والرز الخام وعلاقة سلبية مع زيادة نسبة الحبوب المتشققة والتكسر وكفاءة التقشير .The effect of clearance between cylinders of  machine husking rubber rolls (type Yanmar rubber roll – ST 50) on rice husk quality and breakage percentage was evaluated for two cultivars of rice. Tarm Hashemi (TH) and Daillman (DM) and clearance between cylinders of machine husking rubber at three different levels of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8mm.The experiment was done in factorial experiment under complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications the results indicate  that the TH cultivar is significantly better than the D M in all studied traits. There was a negative relationship between increased clearance with head rice percentage and brown rice percentage in addition to the positive relationship between the increased percentage of cracked grain ,broken rice percentage and husking efficiency

Empirical analysis of rough set categorical clustering techniques based on rough purity and value set

Clustering a set of objects into homogeneous groups is a fundamental operation in data mining. Recently, attention has been put on categorical data clustering, where data objects are made up of non-numerical attributes. The implementation of several existing categorical clustering techniques is challenging as some are unable to handle uncertainty and others have stability issues. In the process of dealing with categorical data and handling uncertainty, the rough set theory has become well-established mechanism in a wide variety of applications including databases. The recent techniques such as Information-Theoretic Dependency Roughness (ITDR), Maximum Dependency Attribute (MDA) and Maximum Significance Attribute (MSA) outperformed their predecessor approaches like Bi-Clustering (BC), Total Roughness (TR), Min-Min Roughness (MMR), and standard-deviation roughness (SDR). This work explores the limitations and issues of ITDR, MDA and MSA techniques on data sets where these techniques fails to select or faces difficulty in selecting their best clustering attribute. Accordingly, two alternative techniques named Rough Purity Approach (RPA) and Maximum Value Attribute (MVA) are proposed. The novelty of both proposed approaches is that, the RPA presents a new uncertainty definition based on purity of rough relational data base whereas, the MVA unlike other rough set theory techniques uses the domain knowledge such as value set combined with number of clusters (NoC). To show the significance, mathematical and theoretical basis for proposed approaches, several propositions are illustrated. Moreover, the recent rough categorical techniques like MDA, MSA, ITDR and classical clustering technique like simple K-mean are used for comparison and the results are presented in tabular and graphical forms. For experiments, data sets from previously utilized research cases, a real supply base management (SBM) data set and UCI repository are utilized. The results reveal significant improvement by proposed techniques for categorical clustering in terms of purity (21%), entropy (9%), accuracy (16%), rough accuracy (11%), iterations (99%) and time (93%). vi

Semi – Chaotic Mutual Learning Platform for Key – Exchange Algorithm Using Neural Network

Neural network has been emerged the cryptography field as efficient tool for both cryptanalysis and cryptography due to its amazing ability to explore solution space for a given problem. One of the latest observations for the behavior of neural networks is its ability to synchronize itself to other neural network based on mutual learning rules; this phenomenon has been under the focus of specialist in cryptographic field due to its significant usage as highly secure key exchange algorithm. This paper is presenting new approach to drive the synchronization based on semi-chaotic mutual learning, where the output of each neural network will be extracted through non-linear mapping to memory filled with balanced number of 1's and 0's as this paper will demonstrate

Characteristics of 2-D Electrical Resistivity Imaging Survey for Soil

The present work is aimed to show the efficiency of 2-D Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) in probing the subsurface soil for site investigation, in addition to highlight some capabilities and characteristics of the sections acquired by 2D-ERI survey. In the field survey, where the University of Technology site is chosen for such investigation, ERI technique has been used implementing three common arrangements (Wenner, Wenner-Sclumberger and dipole-dipole). Different resolving powers have been obtained for the used arrays. Wenner-Schlumberger array gives moderate number of possible measurements and has a median depth of investigation of about 10% larger than that for the Wenner array. It is moderately sensitive to both horizontal and vertical structures, thus it might be a good compromise between the Wenner and the dipole-dipole arrays. Good agreements have been obtained between the stratigraphic columns of the site with the inversion models using the different arrays. The distribution of resistivity of the inversion models for the study site reflects the highly inhomogeneous subsurface soil with a wide variation of soil resistivity at different depths

Multi-environmental evaluation of wheat tetraploid genotypes for agronomic traits under rainfed conditions in Syria

This study was conducted at Homs, Al-Swaida and Tartous, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria during 2016/2017 season. Seven wheat genotypes were planted under rainfed conditions in randomized complete block design with three replications. Studied traits were days to maturity, plant height, number of grain per spike, grain weight per spike, 1000 kernal weight and grain yield per plant to evaluate variance between genotypes and locations. Results showed existence of high variance between studied genotypes in all traits especially plant height. It resulted that genotype W45193 was significantly superior in grain yield per plant with an increasing rate of 69.62% comparing to control Sham 5. Also, it was significantly superior in spike numbers with an increasing rate of 53.53%, 57.24% compared to both controls Sham 3 and Sham 5, respectively. Genotype W45064 was significantly superior in grain weight per spike and 1000 kernal weight compare to both controls Sham 3 and Sham 5. W 45194 was significantly superior in 1000 kernal weight comparing to control Sham 5 (36.34, 31.16 g), respectively. Furthermore, all studied traits (except spike number per plant) were more significant in Tartous compare to both Homs and Al-Swaida

A New Partitioning Scheme for PTS Technique to Improve the PAPR Performance in OFDM Systems

A high peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) is the primary drawback faced by the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in the practical applications. Meanwhile, Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) is regarded as one of the efficient PAPR reduction techniques in OFDM systems. PTS technique depends on partitioning the input data into the several subblocks in the frequency-domain and weighting these subblocks by a set of phase factors in the time-domain. As the result, there are three common types of subblocks partitioning schemes have been adopted in the PTS technique, interleaving scheme, adjacent scheme, and pseudo-random scheme. Each one of the conventional partitioning schemes has PAPR reduction performance and a computational complexity level different from others. In this paper, a new subblock partitioning scheme named terminals exchanging segmentation (TE-PTS) scheme has been proposed to improve the PAPR performance in PTS technique better than that of the interleaving scheme. The simulation results and the numerical calculations indicate that the PAPR reduction capacity of the proposed scheme is superior to that of interleaving scheme without increasing the computational complexity

Computing Cutting Time in Turning Operation Based on AutoCAD Drawings.

In view of importance the cutting time, it is considered one of the most important factors in different machining processes where it affects production time, cycle time, and product cost consequently. This research aims to build up a system for computing cutting time in turning operations from AutoCAD drawings. The proposed system has been built using Visual Basic programming language and interfacing it with AutoCAD by Visual Basic for Application (VBA) Technique. The system is able to compute cutting time from the drawings according to the color of each solid entity; these colors were defined previously in the system. They are related to the type of turning operation (external, internal, and facing turning operations) as well as the rough and finish machining operations. The system was examined with two models, and it was accurate and efficient. It is possible consideration the proposed system step toward the integration between CAPP/CAM system

Correlation of Total Cholesterol and Glucose in Serum of Iraqi Patients with Atherosclerosis and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Cholesterol is a fatty substance (lipid) classified as a waxy steroid of fat. It is absorbed by the intestine into blood stream and is packaged inside a protein coat a chylomicron. Blood glucose is a simple monosaccharide absorbed directly into the blood stream during digestion. The level of blood glucose normally represents a balance between the inflow of glucose into blood and it is uptake by the tissue. Atherosclerosis is a general term for a number of different medical conditions that affect the heart, this is occurs when the blood supply to a part of heart is interrupted, must commonly due to plaque, is build up in the coronary arteries consist of lipid cholesterol and calcium. It causes a damage of potential disease of heart muscle due to thickening and hardening of arteries. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder in which the level of blood glucose is persistently elevated above the normal range due to decrease secretion of insulin. The main objective of this study is to determine the concentrations of total cholesterol and glucose into blood serum of Iraq patients with atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus type 2. This study included 60 specimens of patients with atherosclerosis and 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; their age range was 45-65 years. These patients were then matched by age and sex to 30 healthy individuals. Results revealed that there was highly significantly increased in the mean value of total cholesterol and glucose concentrations in patients of atherosclerosis (p<0.001) and diabetes mellitus (p<0.001) as compared with healthy individuals