Educação em saúde sobre otites externas na zona rural do Rio Grande do Norte: um relato de experiência

This article aims to report an educational health action about external otitis and its predisposing factors, focusing on education and health promotion aimed at the most socially vulnerable population. This is a descriptive experience report about an educational event promoted by medical students in the rural area of ​​the city of Mossoró/RN. The topic was presented in simplified language in the form of a discussion circle, in a participatory and dynamic manner. In addition, informative pamphlets were provided, with a playful and didactic aspect. As a result of the experience, it was observed that the patients had little prior knowledge, but there was a high interest in the activity and a high level of satisfaction in the knowledge item, measured by means of a quiz with questions about the definition and preventive measures of external otitis. However, according to the research carried out, it was seen that frequent exposure to hot and humid climates, self-induced trauma, excessive cleaning of the external auditory canal and water retention in the external meatus due to unprotected water activities are the main risk factors. Furthermore, immunocompromised patients are predisposed to developing complicated forms. Finally, the importance of educational activities in primary care was highlighted, especially in vulnerable populations, in order to prevent ear diseases and their possible serious outcomes.Este artículo tiene como objetivo informar una acción educativa en salud sobre la otitis externa y sus factores predisponentes, con enfoque en la educación y promoción de la salud dirigida a la población socialmente más vulnerable. Se trata de un relato de experiencia descriptivo sobre un evento educativo promovido por estudiantes de medicina, en la zona rural del Municipio de Mossoró/RN. El tema se presentó en un lenguaje simplificado en forma de círculo de conversación, de manera participativa y dinámica. Además, se entregaron folletos informativos, con un aspecto lúdico y didáctico. Como resultado de la experiencia, se observó que los pacientes tenían pocos conocimientos previos, pero sí un alto interés por la actividad y un alto índice de satisfacción en términos de conocimientos, medido a través de un cuestionario de preguntas sobre la definición y medidas preventivas. de otitis externa. Sin embargo, según investigaciones realizadas, se vio que la exposición frecuente a climas cálidos y húmedos, los traumatismos autoinducidos, la limpieza excesiva del conducto auditivo externo y la retención de agua en el meato externo por actividades acuáticas desprotegidas son los principales factores de riesgo. . Además, los pacientes inmunocomprometidos están predispuestos a desarrollar formas complicadas. Finalmente, se destacó la importancia de las actividades de instrucción en atención primaria, especialmente en poblaciones vulnerables, para prevenir enfermedades del oído y sus posibles consecuencias graves.Esse artigo tem como objetivo relatar uma ação educativa em saúde acerca das otites externas e seus fatores predisponentes, com enfoque na educação e promoção da saúde destinada à população de maior vulnerabilidade social. Trata-se de um relato de experiência descritivo acerca de um evento educacional promovido por acadêmicos de medicina, na zona rural do Município de Mossoró/RN. O tema foi apresentado em linguagem simplificada em forma de roda de conversas, de maneira participativa e dinâmica. Em adição, foram fornecidos panfletos informativos, com aspecto lúdico e didático. Como resultados da experiência, observou-se que os pacientes apresentaram pouco conhecimento prévio, porém houve alto interesse na atividade e alta taxa de satisfação no quesito conhecimento, medida por meio de quiz de perguntas acerca da definição e medidas preventivas das otites externas. Não obstante, conforme pesquisa realizada, viu-se que a exposição frequente a climas quentes e úmidos, trauma auto-induzido, limpeza excessiva do conduto auditivo externo e a retenção de água no meato externo devido a atividades aquáticas desprotegidas são os principais fatores de risco. Além disso, pacientes imunodeprimidos são predispostos a desenvolver formas complicadas. Por fim, evidenciou-se a importância das atividades instrutivas na atenção primária, especialmente em populações vulneráveis, no intuito de prevenir doenças otológicas e seus possíveis desfechos graves

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Delayed colorectal cancer care during covid-19 pandemic (decor-19). Global perspective from an international survey

Background The widespread nature of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been unprecedented. We sought to analyze its global impact with a survey on colorectal cancer (CRC) care during the pandemic. Methods The impact of COVID-19 on preoperative assessment, elective surgery, and postoperative management of CRC patients was explored by a 35-item survey, which was distributed worldwide to members of surgical societies with an interest in CRC care. Respondents were divided into two comparator groups: 1) ‘delay’ group: CRC care affected by the pandemic; 2) ‘no delay’ group: unaltered CRC practice. Results A total of 1,051 respondents from 84 countries completed the survey. No substantial differences in demographics were found between the ‘delay’ (745, 70.9%) and ‘no delay’ (306, 29.1%) groups. Suspension of multidisciplinary team meetings, staff members quarantined or relocated to COVID-19 units, units fully dedicated to COVID-19 care, personal protective equipment not readily available were factors significantly associated to delays in endoscopy, radiology, surgery, histopathology and prolonged chemoradiation therapy-to-surgery intervals. In the ‘delay’ group, 48.9% of respondents reported a change in the initial surgical plan and 26.3% reported a shift from elective to urgent operations. Recovery of CRC care was associated with the status of the outbreak. Practicing in COVID-free units, no change in operative slots and staff members not relocated to COVID-19 units were statistically associated with unaltered CRC care in the ‘no delay’ group, while the geographical distribution was not. Conclusions Global changes in diagnostic and therapeutic CRC practices were evident. Changes were associated with differences in health-care delivery systems, hospital’s preparedness, resources availability, and local COVID-19 prevalence rather than geographical factors. Strategic planning is required to optimize CRC care