540 research outputs found
Maus-tratos e negligência a pessoas idosas: identificação e caracterização de casos no serviço de urgência de um hospital central
Neste trabalho realiza-se um estudo de prevalência e descrição dos factores de risco
associados ao fenómeno dos maus-tratos na pessoa idosa. Como população considera-se o conjunto de utentes idosos do Serviço de Urgência de um Hospital Central. A amostra integra 75 indivíduos. Utilizou-se o questionário como instrumento de recolha de dados. O número de indicadores de maus-tratos oscilou entre 0 e 10. Salienta-se que 86,7% dos indivíduos apresentaram pelo menos 1 indicador, sendo que a maioria dos inquiridos apresenta um indicador (21,3%). A negligência e o abuso emocional foram as tipologias mais referidas. A maior parte das pessoas idosas da nossa amostra assume uma atitude de passividade perante a situação. Identificaram-se como factores de risco para o abuso: o género feminino, a existência de depressão, viver sozinho, tal como ter uma percepção negativa da suficiência dos meios de
subsistência
Ecophysiological potential of the Dão terroir for the production of Touriga Nacional red grapes
Proceedings - IX International Terroir Congress, 2012Aiming to evaluate the potential of the portuguese Dão winegrowing region for the production of Touriga Nacional
(TN) red grapes, climatic, ecophysiological and viticultural data from two different climatic years (2004, wet year and
2005, dry year) are presented and discussed. The data was collected in the control non-irrigated plants of an irrigation
experiment installed at the Dão Research Station, Nelas, Portugal. The vineyard is established in a typical granitic soil
and trained on a vertical shoot positioning. According to the Géoviticulture Multicriteria Climatic Classification
System, the Dão region is classified as temperate/temperate warm for the heliothermal index, with cool nights (night
cold index) and moderately dry (dryness index). In 2004 the predawn leaf water potential presented always values
higher than -0.2 MPa from flowering to harvest but in 2005 moderate to severe water stress was observed during the
ripening period (-0.4 MPa at veraison to -0.6 MPa at harvest). Leaf stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate
displayed a decreasing pattern from flowering to harvest in both years but attained much lower values in the 2005
ripening period as compared to that of 2004. The yield was similar in both years but 2005 showed lower sugar content,
similar titratable acidity and a higher anthocyanin berry skin content. Our data shows that the Dão terroir presents a
high inter-annual climate variability which has important repercussions on TN responses being the most unfavorable
climatic years those were the high temperatures are coincident with water stress during the first half of the ripening
period. In those years irrigation should be applied in order to obtain better quality grapes
Daily evolution of the components of the balance of radiation of vines in a vineyard in the Dão region
Proceedings - 17 th International Symposium GIESCO, Asti, Italy, 2011In order to validate a model of vine transpiration based on
radiative surface temperature a field trial was conducted in a
vineyard in the Dão region, centre of Portugal, with the cultivar
“Touriga Nacional”. The model is based on the partition of net
radiation between the components of the canopy (vines, soil, and
grass cover), considering that the vines and the undercover (soil
plus grass cover) act separately and in parallel. Thus, the latent
heat flux from the vines to the atmosphere (lTc) is determined
from vine net radiation (Rnc) and sensible heat flux (Hc). The
partition of net radiation (Rn) between the undercover (Rns) and
the vines (Rnc) is made considering the exponential form for
radiation extinction, with the coefficient of extinction being
corrected with a factor dependent on the zenital solar angle (j)
while leaf area index (LAI) is corrected with a clumping factor,
Ω(φ). Sensible heat flux from the vines (Hc) is calculated from
radiative temperature (Tc) considering that the fluxes from the
different origins are independent and that there are two resistances
in series between the canopy and the atmosphere: the leaf
boundary layer resistance (raHc) and the aerodynamic resistance of
the crop (raH). Besides the estimation of the daily values of
transpiration, the model allows to study the evolution of the
different components of the radiation balance throughout the day.
The daily evolution of the evaporation fraction from the vines
(FEc) can be approximated by a concave curve. Values of FEc > 1
show that, under certain circumstances and periods of the day,
energy used for transpiration (lTc) is greater than crop net
radiation, which indicates that there are exchanges of energy
between the several components of the surface, namely when
evaporative demand from the atmosphere is high and there are no
soil water restrictions. The model also shows that, regardless of the
soil water status, transpiration is a big part of Rn when these values
are low (in the beginning of the morning and late afternoon)
Influence de l'effeuillage sur l'efficience thermique de l'accumulation des anthocyanes dans la baie
The aim of this work was to analyse the effects of leaf removal on Touriga Nacional berry temperature and consequent thermal efficiency for anthocyanins biosynthesis. The field experiment was located at Dão Wine Research Station, Nelas, Portugal in an adult vineyard planted with North-South oriented rows, with the red grape variety Touriga Nacional grafted on 110R rootstock. The vines were trained on a vertical shoot positioning, spur-pruned on a bilateral Royat cordon system and deficit irrigated (50% ETc). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications of twelve vines per elemental plot, and the following two treatments: basal leaf removal (LR) and a control non-defoliated (ND). Berry temperature (Tb) was measured continuously during the second half (3rd to 19th September) of the 2009 ripening period using two-junction, fine-wires copper-constantan thermocouples manually inserted into the berries and connected to a data logger. A sample of clusters located in different canopy positions (exposed and internal; facing East and West) of 4 vines per treatment were used. To quantify the effect of Tb on anthocyanins biosynthesis, the berry hourly mean temperatures were converted into normal heat hours (NHH) and accumulated per day (NHHd) and per monitoring period (NHHc). For quantification of thermal requirements for anthocyanins synthesis and accumulation, a minimum of 10°C, a maximum of 35°C, and an optimum of 26°C were used. Meteorological variables were measured at an automatic weather station installed within the experimental plot. For all days of the monitoring period, daily average berry temperature (dTb) of all monitored berries was lower in ND treatment than in LR, being the maximum differences between treatments registered on 11th September. The highest dTb differences between treatments were registered on the clusters located at the west side of the canopy on 7th September while dTb of the clusters located in the centre of the canopy was less affected by leaf removal. The control non-defoliated treatment (ND) presented a significantly higher NHHc than that of LR being the higher differences presented by the clusters located in the west side. The lowest differences in NHHc were obtained in the clusters located in the centre of the canopy. Our results show that the thermal efficiency for berry anthocyanins accumulation was significantly affected by leaf removal and that this effect was dependent of the meteorological conditions, time of the day and berry/cluster location into the vine canopy
Effects of irrigation on the vigour, yield and berry composition of the red variety Touriga Nacional at the Dão winegrowing region, Portugal
Proceedings - 17 th International Symposium GIESCO, Asti, Italy, 2011In a field trial installed at the Centro de Estudos Vitivinícolas do
Dão, Nelas, Portugal, the effect of three irrigation treatments on
the agronomic behaviour of cv Touriga Nacional (Vitis vinifera L.)
were studied during three growing seasons (2006-2008). Three
irrigation treatments (DI30 - irrigation with 30% of ETc; DI50 -
irrigation with 50% ETc, FI - full irrigation – 100% Etc) were
compared to a control non-irrigated treatment (NI). Compared to
NI, the deficit irrigation treatments (DI30 & DI50) showed no
significant differences on the yield and its components. The full
irrigation treatment induced a significantly higher yield due to a
higher bunch weight, as compared with the others treatments.
Compared to the control, the deficit irrigation treatments presented
similar berry composition during all the three seasons. The FI
treatment presented, in all seasons, a significantly higher total
acidity and a significantly lower Brix and total anthocyanins
concentration as compared to the other treatments. The pruning
weight and shoot weight increased with the amount of irrigation
water applied, but significant differences were found only between
the FI and the NI treatments, the last presenting the lowest values.
Despite the fact that in the non-irrigated vineyards of the Dão
winegrowing region it is very common to observe vine water
stress symptoms, mainly during the ripening period, during the
three studied seasons (2006-2008), the deficit irrigation treatments
showed no advantages relatively to the control non-irrigated.
Despite the higher yield produced in the full irrigation, this
treatment had the disadvantages of the excessive vine vigour and
lower must quality produced
Produção de frutos de cultivares de coqueiro sob condições de sequeiro nos Tabuleiros Costeiros do sul de Sergipe.
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