Survival Of Aids Patients In The Southeast And South Of Brazil: Analysis Of The 1998-1999 Cohort [sobrevida De Pacientes Com Aids Das Regiões Sudeste E Sul Do Brasil: Análise Da Coorte De 1998-1999]

The aim of this study was to evaluate survival time for AIDS patients 13 years and older in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil, according to socio-demographic, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics. The sample was selected from all cases diagnosed in 1998 and 1999 and notified to the Epidemiological Surveillance System of the National STD/AIDS Program. Use of a questionnaire allowed analyzing 2,091 patient charts. Based on the Kaplan-Meier method, estimated survival was at least 108 months after diagnosis in 59.5% of patients in the Southeast and 59.3% in the South. Cox regression models showed, in both regions, an increase in survival in patients on antiretroviral therapy, those classified as AIDS cases according to the CD4 T-cell criterion, females, and those with more schooling. Other factors associated with longer survival in the Southeast were: white skin color, no history of tuberculosis since the AIDS diagnosis, negative hepatitis B serology, and access to a multidisciplinary health team. In the South, age below 40 years was associated with longer survival.27SUPPL. 1S79S92Fonseca, M.G.P., Bastos, F.I., Twenty-five years of the AIDS epidemic in Brazil: Principal epidemiological findings, 1980-2005 (2007) Cad Saúde Pública, (23 SUPPL 3), pp. S333-S344Boletim Epidemiológico AIDST 2008, 1. , Ministério da Saúde, Ano(2004) Critérios De Definição De Casos De AIDS Em Adultos E Crianças, , Ministério da Saúde, Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeDourado, I., Veras, M.A.S.M., Barreira, D., Brito, A.M., Tendências da epidemia de AIDS no Brasil após a terapia antirretroviral (2006) Rev Saúde Pública, (SUPPL 40), pp. 9-17Casseb, J., Fonseca, L.A., Veiga, A.P., Almeida, A., Bueno, A., Ferez, A.C., AIDS incidence and mortality in a hospital based cohort of HIV-1 seropositive patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in São Paulo, Brazil (2003) AIDS Patient Care STDS, 17, pp. 447-452Crum, N.F., Riffemburg, R.H., Wegner, S., Agan, B.K., Tasker, S.A., Spooner, K.M., Comparison of causes of death and mortality rates among HIV infected persons: Analysis of the pre, early, and late HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) eras (2006) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 41, pp. 194-200Santos, N.J.S., Tayra, A., Silva, S.R., Buchala, C.M., Laurenti, R., A AIDS no estado de São Paulo: As mudanças no perfil da epidemia e perspectivas da vigilância epidemiológica (2002) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 5, pp. 286-310Messeri, P., Lee, G., Abramson, D.M., Aidala, A., Chiasson, M.A., Jessop, D.J., Antiretroviral therapy and declining AIDS mortality in New York City (2003) Med Care, 41, pp. 512-521Vellozi, C., Brooks, J.T., Bush, T.J., Conley, L.J., Henry, K., Carperter, C.C.J., The study to understand the natural history of HIV and AIDS in the era of effective therapy (SUN Study) (2009) Am J Epidemiol, 169, pp. 642-652Quinn, T.C., HIV epidemiology and the effects of antiviral therapy on long term consequences (2008) AIDS, (22 SUPPL 3), pp. S7-S12Targets and Commitments Made By the Member-States At the United Nation General Assembly Special Session On HIV/AIDS, , http//www.unaids.org/en/dataanalysis/monitoringcountryprogress/2010progr essreportssubmittedbycountries/brazil_2010_country_progress_report_en.pd f, Brazilian Ministry of Health, accessed on Jul/2010Chequer, P., Hearst, N., Hudes, E.S., Castilho, E., Rutherford, G., Loures, L., Determinants of survival in adult Brazilian AIDS patients, 1982-1989.The Brazilian State AIDS Program Co-ordinators (1992) AIDS, 6, pp. 483-487Marins, J.R., Jamal, L.E., Chen, S.Y., Barros, M.B., Hudes, E.S., Barbosa, A.A., Dramatic improvement in survival among adult Brazilian AIDS patients (2003) AIDS, 17, pp. 1675-1682Collet, D., (2003) Modeling Survival Data In Medical Research, , 2nd Ed. Boca Raton: Chapman & HallEpidemiology of HIV/AIDS, United States, 1981-2005 (2006) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 55, pp. 589-592. , Centers for Disease Control and PreventionWong, K.H., Chan, K.C., Lee, S.S., Delayed progression to death and to AIDS in a Hong Kong cohort of patients with advanced HIV type 1 disease during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (2004) Clin Infect Dis, 39, pp. 853-860Gadelha, A.J., Accacio, N., Costa, R.L.B., Galhardo, M.C., Cotrim, M.R., Souza, R.V., Morbidity and survival in advanced AIDS in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2002) Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo, 44, pp. 179-186Hacker, M.A., Petersen, M.L., Enriquez, M., Bastos, F.I., Highly active antiretroviral therapy in Brazil: The challenge of universal access in a context of social inequality (2004) Rev Panam Salud Pública, 16, pp. 78-83Krishnan, S., Dunbar, M.S., Minnis, A.M., Medlin, C.A., Gerdts, C.E., Padian, N.S., Poverty, gender inequalities and women's risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS (2008) Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1136, pp. 101-110Antunes, J.L.F., Waldman, E.A., Borrel, C., Is it possible to reduce AIDS death without reinforcing socioeconomic inequalities in health? (2005) Int J Epidemiol, 34, pp. 586-592Castilho, E.A., Szwarcwald, C.L., Brito, A.M., Fatores associados à interrupção de tratamento anti-retroviral em adultos com AIDS, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, 1999-2002 (2006) Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992), 52, pp. 86-92Neme, M.I.B., Carvalho, H.B., Souza, M.F.M., ARV therapy adherence in Brazil (2004) AIDS, (18 SUPPL 3), pp. 515-520Pérez-Hoyos, S., Amo, J., Muga, R., Romero, J., Olalla, P.G., Guerrero, R., Effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Spanish cohorts of HIV seroconverters: Differences by transmission category (2003) AIDS, 17, pp. 353-359Porta, D., Forastiere, F., Fusco, D., Perucci, C.A., Lazio AIDS Surveillance Collaborative Group. Socioeconomic status and survival of persons with AIDS before and after introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (2000) Epidemiology, 11, pp. 496-501. , Rapiti EPrograma Nacional DST E AIDS, , http://www.aids.gov.br/cgi/deftohtm.exe?tabnet/aids.def, Ministério da Saúde, accessed on 26/Aug/2009Giovanetti, M.C., Santos, N.J.S., Westin, C.P., Darré, D., Gianna, M.C., A implantação do quesito cor/raça nos serviços de DST/AIDS no Estado de São Paulo (2007) Saúde Soc, 16, pp. 163-170Fry, P.H., Monteiro, S., Maio, M.C., Bastos, F.I., Santos, R.V., AIDS tem cor ou raça? Interpretação de dados e formulação de políticas de saúde no Brasil (2007) Cad Saúde Pública, 23, pp. 497-523Batista, L.E., (2002) Mulheres E Homens Negros: Saúde, Doença E Morte [Doctoral Dissertation], , Araraquara: Fa-culdade de Ciências e Letras, Universidade Estadual PaulistaFonseca, M.G.P., Lucena, F.F.A., Souza, A., Bastos, F.I., AIDS mortality, "race or color", and social inequality in a context of universal access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Brazil, 1999- 2004 (2007) Cad Saúde Pública, (23 SUPPL 3), pp. S445-S455Marins, J.R.P., (2004) Estudo De Sobrevida Dos Pacientes De AIDS Segundo Escolaridade, Co-infecção Hepatite C E Tuberculose. Coorte Brasileira 1995-1996 [Doctoral Dissertation], , Campinas: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de CampinasFerreira, M.S., Borges, A.S., Avanços no tratamento da hepatite pelo vírus B (2007) Rev Soc Bras Med Trop, 40, pp. 451-462Mussini, C., Manzardo, C., Johnson, M., Monforte, A., Uberti-Foppa, C., Antinori, A., Patients presenting with AIDS in the HAART era: A collaborative cohort analysis (2008) AIDS, 22, pp. 2461-2469Nemes, M.I.B., Alencar, T.M.D., (2008) Equipe Qualiaids. Avaliação Da Assistência Ambulatorial Aos Adultos Vivendo Com HIV/AIDS, , Qualiaids. Relatório 2007/2008. Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeMelchior, R., Nemes, M.I.B., Basso, C.R.B., Castanheira, E.R.L., Alves, M.T.S.B., Buchalla, C.M., Avaliação da estrutura organizacional assistência ambulatorial em HIV/AIDS no Brasil (2006) Rev Saúde Pública, 40, pp. 143-15

Sleep Duration And Health Status Self-assessment (sf-36) In The Elderly: A Population-based Study (isa-camp 2008) [duração Do Sono E Estado De Saúde Autorreferido (sf-36) Em Idosos: Estudo De Base Populacional (isa-camp 2008)]

The aim of this study was to determine the association between sleep duration and health status among the elderly. A population-based study was carried out with 1,418 elderly individuals using data from the health survey of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil (ISA-Camp 2008). Linear regression models were used to determine associations between the physical and mental components and subscales of the SF-36 and sleep duration. Elderly male individuals who slept ≤ 6 hours obtained lower mean SF-36 scores for the vitality and mental health scales and the mental component summary than those who slept for seven to eight hours. All scales were negatively associated with sleep duration ≥ 10 hours, except bodily pain. Scores for the mental health, vitality and role-emotional subscales were lower among women who slept for less than five hours. Mental health was negatively associated with ≥ 10 hours of sleep. Sleep deprivation and excessive sleep were associated with poorer health status, with differences between genders, principally in the long duration sleep categories.28916741684Ware, J.E., Kosinski, M., Bjorner, J.B., Turner-Bowker, D.M., Gandek, B., Maruish, M.E., (2007) User's manual for the SF-36v2 Health Survey, , Lincoln: Quality Metric Inc.;Lima, M.G., Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Impact of chronic disease on quality of life among the elderly in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: A population-based study (2009) Rev Panam Salud Pública, 25, pp. 314-321Alonso, J., Ferrer, M., Gandek, B., Ware Jr., E., Aaronson, N.K., Mosconi, P., JHealth-related quality of life associated with chronic conditions in eight countries: Results from the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) Project (2004) Qual Life Res, 13, pp. 283-298Tsay, S.Y., Chi, L.Y., Lee, C.H., Chou, P., Health-related quality of life as a predictor of mortality among community-dwelling older persons (2007) Eur J Epidemiol, 22, pp. 19-26Frybach, D.G., Dunham, N.C., Palta, M., Hanmer, J., Buechner, J., Cherepanov, D., US norms for six generic health-related quality-of-life indexes from the National Health Measurement study (2007) Med Care, 45, pp. 1162-1170Cappuccio, F.P., D'Elia, L., Strazzullo, P., Miller, M.A., Sleep duration and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies (2010) Sleep, 33, pp. 585-592Ferrie, J.E., Shipley, M.J., Cappuccio, F.P., Brunner, E., Miller, M.A., Kumari, M., A prospective study of change in sleep duration: Associations with mortality in the Withehall II Cohort (2007) Sleep, 30, pp. 1659-1666Geib, L.T.C., Cataldo Neto, A., Wainberg, R., Nunes, M.L., Sono e envelhecimento (2003) Rev Psiquiatr Rio Gd Sul, 25, pp. 453-465Nagai, M., Hoshide, S., Kario, K., Sleep duration as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: A review of a recent literature (2010) Curr Cardiol Rev, 6, pp. 54-61Mill, J.G.V., Hoogendisk, W.J.G., Vogelzangs, N., Dyck, R.V., Penninx, B., Insomnia and sleep duration in a large cohort of patients with major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders (2010) J Clin Psychiatry, 71, pp. 239-246Lima, M.G., Francisco, P.M.S.B., Barros, M., Sleep duration pattern and chronic disease in Brazilian adults (ISACAMP 2008/2009) (2012) Sleep Med, 13, pp. 139-144Patel, S.R., Malhotra, A., White, D.P., Gottlieb, D.J., Hu, F.B., Association between reduced sleep and weight gain in women (2006) Am J Epidemiol, 164, pp. 947-954Knutson, K.L., Sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk: A review of the epidemiologic evidence (2010) Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab, 24, pp. 731-743Birchler-Pedross, A., Schröder, C.M., Münch, M., Knoblauch, V., Blatter, K., Schnitzler-Sack, C., Subjective well-being is modulated by cicardian phase, sleep pressure, age and gender (2009) J Biol Rhythm, 24, pp. 232-242Akerstedt, T.A., Nilsson, P.M., Sleep as restitution: An introduction (2003) J Int Med, 254, pp. 6-12Ohayon, M.M., Interactions between sleep normative data and sociocultural characteristics in elderly (2004) J Psychosom Res, 56, pp. 479-486Tamakoshi, A., Yoshiyki, O., Self-reported sleep duration as predictor of all-cause mortality: Results from the JACC study, Japan (2004) Sleep, 27, pp. 51-54Souza, C.S., Reimão, R., Epidemiologia da insônia (2004) Psicol Estud, 9, pp. 3-7Campos, H.H., Bittencourt, L.R.A., Haidar, M.A., Tufik, S., Baracat, E.C., Prevalência de distúrbios do sono na pós-menopausa (2005) Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet, 27, pp. 731-736Burazeri, G., Gofin, J., Kark, J.D., Over 8 hours of sleepmaker of increased mortality in Mediterranean population: Follow-up population study (2003) Croat Med J, 44, pp. 193-198Ikehara, S., Iso, H., Date, C., Kikuchi, S., Watanabe, Y., Wada, Y., Association of sleep duration with mortality from cardiovascular disease and other causes for Japanese men and women: The JACC Study (2009) Sleep, 32, pp. 259-301Krueger, P.M., Friedman, E.M., Sleep duration in the United States: A cross-sectional population-based Study (2009) Am J Epidemiol, 169, pp. 1052-1063Hale, L., Do, P., Racial differences in self-reports of sleep duration in a population-based study (2007) Sleep, 30, pp. 1096-1103Adams, P.F., Schoenborn, C.A., Health behaviors of adults: United States, 2002-04. National Center for Health Statistics (2006) Vital Health Stat, 10 (230), pp. 1-140Faubel, R., Lopez-Garcia, E., Guallar-Castillón, P., Balboa-Castillo, T., Gutiérrez-Fisac, J.L., Banegas, J.R., Sleep duration and health-related quality of life among older adults: A population-based cohort in Spain (2009) Sleep, 32, pp. 1059-1068Steptoe, A., Pearcey, V., Wardle, J., Sleep duration and health in young adults (2006) Arch Intern Med, 166, pp. 1689-1692Pilcher, J.J., Ginter, D.R., Sadowsky, B., Sleep quality versus quantity: Relationships between sleep and measures of health, well-being and sleepiness in college students (1997) J Psychom Res, 42, pp. 583-596Magee, C.A., Caputi, P., Iverson, D.C., Relationships between self-rated health, quality of life and sleep duration in middle aged and elderly Australians (2011) Sleep Med, 12, pp. 346-350Winkelman, J.W., Redline, S., Baldwin, C.M., Resnick, H.E., Newman, A.B., Gottlieb, D.J., Polysomnographic and health-related quality of life correlates of restless leg syndrome in the sleep heart health study (2009) Sleep, 32, pp. 772-778Li, J., Dong, Q., Liu, J.J., Yang, L.S., Ye, D.Q., Huang, F., Sleep and quality of life among rural elderly in Anhui province (2010) Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi, 31, pp. 405-408Arvidsson, S., Arvidsson, B., Fridlind, B., Bergaman, S., Factors promoting health-related quality of life in people with rheumatic diseases: A 12 month longitudinal study (2011) BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 12, p. 102Ware, J.E., Kosinsk, M., (2009) SF-36 physical & mental health summary scales: A manual for users of version 1, , 2nd Ed. Lincoln: Quality Metric Inc.;Ciconelli, R.M., Ferraz, M.B., Santos, W., Meinão, I., Quaresma, M.R., Tradução para a língua portuguesa e validação do questionário genérico de avaliação de qualidade de vida SF-36 (Brasil SF-36) (1999) Rev Bras Reumatol, 39, pp. 143-150Laguardia, J., Campos, M.R., Travassos, C.M., Najar, A.L., Anjos, L.A., Vasconcellos, M.M., Psychometric evaluation sample of Brazilian households: Results of the survey Pesquisa Dimensões Sociais das Desigualdades (PSDS), Brazil, 2008 (2011) Health Qual Life Outcomes, 9, p. 61Wyss, K., Wagner, A.K., Whiting, D., Mtasiwa, D.M., Tanner, M., Gandek, B., Validation of the Kiswalhili version of the SF-36 Health Survey in a representative sample of an urban population in Tanzania (1999) Qual Life Res, 8, pp. 111-120Li, L., Wang, H.M., Shen, Y., Chinese SF-36 Health Survey: Translation, cultural adaptation, validation and normalization (2003) J Epidemiol Community Health, 57, pp. 259-265Lima, M.G., Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Goldbaum, M., Carandina, L., Ciconelli, R.M., Health related quality of life among the elderly: A population-based study using SF-36 survey (2009) Cad Saúde Pública, 25, pp. 2159-2167Lima, M.G., Barros, M.B.A., Cesar, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Alves, M.C.G.P., Health-related behavior and quality of life among the elderly: A population-based study (2011) Rev Saúde Pública, 45, pp. 845-893Sabanayagam, C., Shankar, A., Sleep duration and cardiovascular disease: Results from the National Health Interview Survey (2010) Sleep, 33, pp. 1037-1042Castro-Costa, E., Dewey, M.E., Ferri, C.P., Uchôa, E., Firmo, J.O.A., Rocha, F.L., Association between sleep duration all-cause mortality in old age: 9-year follow-up of the Bambuí Cohort Study, Brazil (2011) J Sleep Res, 20, pp. 303-310Heslop, P., Smith, G.D., Metcalfe, C., McLeod, J., Hart, C., Sleep duration and mortality: The effect of short or long sleep duration on cardiovascular and allcause mortality in working men and women (2002) Sleep Medicine, 3, pp. 305-314Gottlieb, D.J., Punjabi, N.M., Newman, A.B., Resnick, H.E., Redline, S., Baldwin, C.M., Association of sleep time with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance (2005) Arch Intern Med, 165, pp. 863-868Hublin, C., Partnen, M., Koskenvuo, M., Kaprio, J., Sleep and mortality: A population-based 22 year followup study (2007) Sleep, 30, pp. 1245-1253Gangwisch, J.E., Heymsfield, S.B., Boden-Albala, B., Buijs, R.M., Kreier, F., Opler, M.G., Sleep duration associated with mortality in elderly, but not middle-aged, adults in a large US sample (2008) Sleep, 31, pp. 1087-1096Cappuccio, F.P., Strazzullo, P., D'Elia, L., Miller, M.A., Quantity and quality of sleep and incidence of type 2 diabetes (2010) Diabetes Care, 33, pp. 414-420Veras, R.P., Crescimento da população idosa no Brasil: Transformações e consequências na sociedade (1987) Rev Saúde Pública, 21, pp. 225-233Chien, K.L., Chen, P.C., Hsu, H.C., Su, T.C., Sung, F.C., Chen, M.F., Habitual sleep duration and insomnia and the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause death: Report from a community-based cohort (2010) Sleep, 33, pp. 177-184Lauderdale, D.S., Knutson, K.L., Yan, L.L., Liu, K., Rathouz, P.J., Sleep duration: How well do self-reports reflect objective measures? The CARDIA Sleep Study (2008) Epidemiology, 19, pp. 838-845Lockley, S.W., Skene, D.J., Arendt, J., Comparison between subjective and actigraphic measurement of sleep and sleep rhythms (1999) J Sleep Res, 8, pp. 175-183Carlson, P., Self-perceived health in East and West Europe: Another European health divide (1998) Soc Sci Med, 46, pp. 1355-1366Brock, D.W., The separatibility of health and wellbeing (2002) Summary measures of population health. Concepts, ethics, measurement and applications, pp. 115-120. , In: Murray CJL, Joshua AS, Mathers CD, Lopez A, editors, Geneva: World Health Organizatio

Men's Health: A Population-based Study On Social Inequalities [a Saúde Dos Homens: Desigualdades Sociais Em Estudo De Base Populacional]

This study evaluates social inequalities in health according to level of schooling in the male population. This was a cross-sectional, populationbased study with a sample of 449 men ranging from 20 to 59 years of age and living in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. The chi-square test was used to verify associations, and a Poisson regression model was used to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios. Men with less schooling showed higher rates of alcohol consumption and dependence, smoking, sedentary lifestyle during leisure time, and less healthy eating habits, in addition to higher prevalence of bad or very bad self-rated health, at least one chronic disease, hypertension, and other health problems. No differences were detected between the two schooling strata in terms of use of health services, except for dental services. The findings point to social inequality in health-related behaviors and in some health status indicators. However, possible equity was observed in the use of nearly all types of health services.281121332142Braz, M., A construção da subjetividade masculina e seu impacto sobre a saúde do homem: Reflexão bioética sobre justiça distributiva (2005) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 10, pp. 97-104Laurenti, R., Jorge, M.H.P.M., Goltlieb, S.L.D., Perfil epidemiológico da morbi-mortalidade masculina (2005) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 10, pp. 35-46(2007) Mortalidade em Campinas: Informe do projeto de monitorização dos óbitos no município de Campinas, , http://www.fcm.unicamp.br/centros/ccas/arquivos/bo42.pdf, (Boletim no. 42, julho a dezembro de, Mortalidade e Gênero). (accessed on 10/Jun/2011). Secretaria Municipal de SaúdeSala, A., Mendes, J.D.V., Perfil da mortalidade masculina no Estado de São Paulo (2010) Boletim Epidemiológico Paulista, 7, pp. 15-25Aspectos demográficos (2010) Síntese de indicadores sociais: Uma análise das condições de vida da população brasileira, pp. 27-44. , In: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, organizador. Rio de Janeiro: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística;. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e EstatísticaVerbrugge, L.M., Wingard, D.L., Sex differentials in health and mortality (1987) Women Health, 12, pp. 103-145(2009) Portaria no1944, de 27 de agosto de 2009, , Institui no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem. Diário Oficial da União28 ago. Ministério da SaúdeCourtenay, W.H., Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men's well-being: A theory of gender and health (2000) Soc Sci Med, 50, pp. 1385-1401Gomes, R., Nascimento, E.F., A produção do conhecimento da saúde pública sobre a relação homemsaúde: Uma revisão bibliográfica (2006) Cad Saúde Pública, 22, pp. 901-911Louvison, M.C.P., Lebrão, M.L., Duarte, Y.A.O., Laurenti, R., Desigualdades nas condições de saúde e no uso de serviços de saúde entre as pessoas idosas do município de São Paulo: Uma análise de gênero e renda (2008) Saúde Coletiva, 5, pp. 189-194Muntaner, C., Borrell, C., Benach, J., Pasarín, M.I., Fernandez, E., The associations of social class and social stratification with patterns of general and mental health in a Spanish population (2003) Int J Epidemiol, 32, pp. 950-958Arber, S., Comparing inequalities in women's and men's health: Britain in the 1990's (1997) Soc Sci Med, 44, pp. 773-787Alves, M.C.G.P., ISA-Campinas 2008/09: Plano de amostragem, , http://www.fcm.unicamp.br/centros/ccas/arquivos/plano_de_amostragem.pdf, (accessed on 29/Mar/2012)Barbor, T.E., la Fuente, J.R., Saunders, J., Grant, M., (1992) AUDIT-the alcohol use disorders identification test: Guidelines for use in primary health care, , Geneva: World Health Organization(2000) Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic, , Geneva: World Health Organization;. (WHO Technical Report Series, 894) World Health OrganizationMari, J.J., Williams, P., A validity study of a psychiatric screening questionnaire (SRQ-20) in primary care in the city of Sao Paulo (1986) Br J Psychiatry, 148, pp. 23-26Barros, M.B.A., Marín-León, L., Oliveira, H.B., Dalgalarrondo, P., Botega, N.J., Perfil do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas: Diferenças sociais e demográficas no Município de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, 2003 (2008) Epidemiol Serv Saúde, 17, pp. 259-270Lima-Costa, M.F., A escolaridade afeta, igualmente, comportamentos prejudiciais à saúde de idosos e adultos mais jovens? 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Um estudo utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostras de Domicílios-PNAD/98 (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7, pp. 813-824Grebla, R.C., Rodriguez, C.J., Borrell, L.N., Pickering, T.G., Prevalence and determinants of isolated systolic hypertension among young adults: The 1999-2004 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010) J Hypertens, 28, pp. 15-23Delpierre, C., Lauwers-Cances, V., Datta, G.D., Berkman, L., Lang, T., Impact of social position on the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on self-rated health (2009) Am J Public Health, 99, pp. 1278-1284Rabiais, S., Nogueira, P.J., Falcão, J.M., (2002) A dor na população portuguesa: Alguns aspectos epidemiológicos, , http://www.doentescomcancro.org/uhdc/pdfs/EstudoDorPopulacaoPortuguesa.pdf, (accessed on 18/Sep/2011)Silva, M.C., Fassa, A.G., Valle, N.C.J., Dor lombar crônica em uma população adulta do Sul do Brasil: Prevalência e fatores associados (2004) Cad Saúde Pública, 20, pp. 377-385Vogt, M., (2000) Prevalência e severidade da dor, cervical e lombar, nos servidores técnico-administrativos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, , Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaCastro, S.S., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Barros, M.B.A., Alves, M.C.G.P., Goldbaum, M., Deficiência visual, auditiva e física: Prevalência e fatores associados em estudo de base populacional (2008) Cad Saúde Pública, 24, pp. 1773-1782Rysculova, A., Turczyn, K., Makuc, D.M., Cotch, M.F., Klein, R.J., Janiszewski, R., Self-reported age-related eye diseases and visual impairment in the United States: Results of the 2002 National Health Interview Survey (2008) Am J Public Health, 98, pp. 454-461Hung, H.C., Colditz, G., Joshipura, K.J., The association between tooth loss and the self-reported intake of selected CVD-related nutrients and foods among US women (2005) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 33, pp. 167-173Araújo, C.S., Lima, R.C., Peres, M.A., Barros, A.J.D., Utilização de serviços odontológicos e fatores associados: Um estudo de base populacional no Sul do Brasil (2009) Cad Saúde Pública, 25, pp. 1063-1072Baldani, M.H., Brito, W.H., Lawder, J.A.C., Mendes, Y.B.E., Silva, F.F.M., Antunes, J.L.F., Determinantes individuais da utilização de serviços odontológicos por adultos e idosos de baixa renda (2010) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 13, pp. 150-162(2010) Um panorama da saúde no Brasil: Acesso e utilização dos serviços de saúde, condições de saúde e fatores de risco e proteção à saúde, 2008, , Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios-PNAD 2008. 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Comparison Of Estimates Of Population-based Surveys

OBJECTIVE: To compare estimates obtained through household and telephone surveys for monitoring, intervention and development of health policies. METHODS: The study analyzed data from 2,526 and 1,900 individuals aged 18 and over, living in Campinas, SP, interviewed by the household survey (ISACamp) and by the telephone survey (Vigitel), respectively. Sex, age and schooling were used to characterize the studied population. Prevalence estimates and 95% confi dence intervals were utilized in the analysis. The estimates of the sociodemographic characteristics of the population were compared by t-test for two independent samples and the comparison of the other estimates, according to the type of survey, was performed using Poisson regression. RESULTS: No statistically signifi cant differences were found between the estimates obtained by the two surveys analyzed for overall prevalence of: overweight/obesity, smoking status, mammography in the prior year and Pap smear at least once in life. However, for the estimates of worse perceived health status, health plan affi liation, mammography at least once in life and Pap smear in the prior year, signifi cant differences were found, with a tendency to overestimate data from the telephone survey, except in the case of worse perceived health status. CONCLUSIONS: These fi ndings point to the need for further studies, which may contribute to a better understanding of the differences, given that telephone surveys can provide quick and essential information for monitoring modifi able risk factors for the assessment of interventions and to develop policies promoting health in Brazil.4716068Arday, D.R., Tomar, S.L., Nelson, D.E., Merritt, R.K., Schoolev, M.W., Mowery, P., State smoking prevalence estimates: a comparison of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Current Population Surveys (1997) Am J Public Health., 87 (10), pp. 1665-1669. , DOI:10.2105/AJPH.87.10.1665Barros, M.B.A., A importância dos sistemas de informação e dos inquéritos de base populacional para avaliações de saúde (2004) Epidemiol Serv Saude., 13 (4), pp. 199-200. , DOI:10.5123/S1679-49742004000400001Barros, M.B.A., Inquéritos domiciliares de saúde: potencialidades e desafi os (2008) Rev Bras Epidemiol., 11 (SUPL 1), pp. 6-19. , DOI:10.1590/S1415-790X2008000500002Bernal, R., Silva, N.N., Cobertura de linhas telefônicas residenciais e vícios potenciais em estudos epidemiológicos (2009) Rev Saude Publica., 43 (3), pp. 421-426. , DOI:10.1590/S0034-89102009005000024Davis, W.W., Parsons, V.L., Xie, D., Schenker, N., Town, M., Raghunathan, T.E., State-Based Estimates of Mammography Screening Rates Based on Information from Two Health Surveys (2010) Public Health Rep., 125 (4), pp. 567-578Dias-da-Costa, J.S., Olinto, M.T.A., Gigante, D.P., Menezes, A.M.B., Macedo, S., Borba, A.T., Cobertura do exame citológico na cidade de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil (2003) Cad Saude Publica., 19 (1), pp. 191-197. , DOI:10.1590/S0102-311X2003000100021Fahimi, M., Link, M., Mokdad, A., Schwartz, D.A., Levy, P., Tracking chronic disease and risk behavior prevalence as survey participation declines: statistics from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and other national surveys (2008) Prev Chronic Dis., 5 (3), pp. A80Ferreira, A.D., César, C.C., Malta, D.C., Andrade, A.C.S., Ramos, C.G.C., Proietti, F.A., Validade de estimativas obtidas por inquérito telefônico: comparação entre Vigitel 2008 e Inquérito de Saúde em Beagá (2011) Rev Bras Epidemiol., 14 (SUPLL 1), pp. 16-30. , DOI:10.1590/S1415-790X2011000500003Fonseca, M.J.M., Faerstein, E., Chor, D., Lopes, C.S., Validade de peso e estatura informados e índice de massa corporal: Estudo Pré- Saúde (2004) Rev Saude Publica., 38 (3), pp. 392-398. , DOI:10.1590/S0034-89102004000300009Francisco, P.M.S.B., Barros, M.B.A., Segri, N.J., Alves, M.C.G.P., Cesar, C.L.G., Malta, D.A., Comparação de estimativas para o auto-relato de condições crônicas entre inquérito domiciliar e telefônico - Campinas (SP), Brasil (2011) Rev Bras Epidemiol., 14 (SUPLL 1), pp. 5-15. , DOI:10.1590/S1415-790X2011000500002Francisco, P.M.S.B., Barros, M.B.A., Segri, N.J., Cesar, C.L., Alves, M.C.G.P., Inquérito de saúde no Município de Campinas (ISACamp): comparação de estimativas segundo posse de linha telefônica residencial (2011) Cad Saude Publica., 27 (10), pp. 1951-1960. , DOI:10.1590/S0102-311X2011001000008Lima-Costa, M.F., Matos, D.L., Prevalência e fatores associados à realização da mamografi a na faixa etária de 50-69 anos: um estudo baseado na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (2003) (2007) Cad Saude Publica., 23 (7), pp. 1665-1673. , DOI:10.1590/S0102-311X2007000700018Lima-Costa, M.F., Estilos de vida e uso de serviços preventivos de saúde entre adultos fi liados ou não a plano privado de saúde (inquérito de saúde de Belo Horizonte) (2004) Cienc Saude Coletiva., 9 (4), pp. 857-864. , DOI:10.1590/S1413-81232004000400008Macintyre, S., Der, G., Norrie, J., Are there socioeconomic differences in responses to a commonly used self report measure of chronic illness? (2005) Int J Epidemiol, 34 (6), pp. 1284-1290. , DOI:10.1093/ije/dyi200Monteiro, C.A., Moura, E.C., Jaime, P.C., Lucca, A., Florindo, A.A., Figueiredo, I.C.R., Monitoramento de fatores de risco para as doenças crônicas por entrevistas telefônicas (2005) Rev Saude Publica., 39 (1), pp. 47-57. , DOI:10.1590/S0034-89102005000100007Nelson, D.E., Powell-Griner, E., Town, M., Kovar, M.G., A comparison of national estimates from the National Health Interview Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2003) Am J Public Health., 93 (8), pp. 1335-1341. , DOI:10.2105/AJPH.93.8.1335Peixoto, M.R.G., Benício, M.H.D., Jardim, P.C.B.V., Validade do peso e da altura auto-referidos: o estudo de Goiânia (2006) Rev Saude Publica., 40 (6), pp. 1065-1072. , DOI:10.1590/ S0034-89102006000700015Peixoto, M.R.G., Monego, E.T., Alexandre, V.P., Souza, R.G.M., Moura, E.C., Monitoramento por entrevistas telefônicas de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas: experiência de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil (2008) Cad Saude Publica., 24 (6), pp. 1323-1333. , DOI:10.1590/S0102-311X2008000600013Secretan, B., Straif, K., Baan, R., Grosse, Y., El Ghissassi, F., Bouvard, V., A review of human carcinogens - Part E: tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, coal smoke, and salted fi sh (2009) Lancet Oncol., 10 (11), pp. 1033-1034. , DOI:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70326-2Segri, N.J., Cesar, C.L.G., Barros, M.B.A., Alves, M.C.G.P., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Inquérito de saúde: comparação dos entrevistados segundo posse de linha telefônica residencial (2010) Rev Saude Publica., 44 (3), pp. 503-512. , DOI:10.1590/S0034-89102010005000012Segri, N.J., Francisco, P.M.S.B., Alves, M.C.G.P., Barros, M.B.A., Cesar, C.L.G., Goldbaum, M., Práticas preventivas de detecção de câncer em mulheres: comparação das estimativas dos inquéritos de saúde (ISA-Capital) e vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico (Vigitel-São Paulo) (2011) Rev Bras Epidemiol., 14 (SUPL.1), pp. 31-43. , DOI:10.1590/ S1415-790X2011000500004Viacava, F., Souza, P.R.B., Moreira, R.S., Estimativas da cobertura de mamografi a segundo inquéritos de saúde no Brasil (2009) Rev Saude Publica., 43 (SUPLL 2), pp. 117-125. , DOI:10.1590/S0034-89102009000900015Wünsch Filho, V., Mirra, A.P., López, R.V.M., Antunes, L., Tabagismo e câncer no Brasil: evidências e perspectivas (2010) Rev Bras Epidemiol., 13 (2), pp. 175-187. , DOI:10.1590/ S1415-790X201000020000

Comparison Of Estimates For The Self-reported Chronic Conditions Among Household Survey And Telephone Survey - Campinas (sp), Brazil [comparação De Estimativas Para O Autorrelato De Condições Crônicas Entre Inquérito Domiciliar E Telefônico - Campinas (sp), Brasil]

Objective: To compare the estimates obtained by different methods of population-based surveys for self-reported chronic conditions among adults living in Campinas in the year 2008. Methods: Data from ISACamp Survey, conducted by the Faculty of Medical Sciences from Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) with support from the County Health Department and VIGITEL (Campinas), a telephone survey conducted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health toward Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic non-communicable Diseases in the adult population (18 years and over) were analyzed. Estimates of self-reported hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, and asthma/bronchitis/emphysema were evaluated and compared by the independent (two-sample) Student's t-test. Results: For global estimates, a higher prevalence of hypertension and osteoporosis was ascertained by the telephone survey. Diabetes and asthma/bronchitis/ emphysema results showed no statistically significant differences. According to sociodemographic variables, a higher prevalence of hypertension was obtained by VIGITEL for men, among people aged 18 to 59 years, and those who reported nine or more years of schooling. A higher prevalence of osteoporosis among adults (18 to 59 years) was verified by VIGITEL. Concerning asthma/ bronchitis/emphysema in the elderly, ISACamp survey showed a higher prevalence. Conclusion: Except for the hypertension prevalence, the telephone survey has proven to be a rapid alternative to provide global prevalence estimates of health conditions in the adult population of Campinas.14SUPPL. 1515Viacava, F., Informações em saúde: A importância dos inquéritos populacionais (2002) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 7 (4), pp. 607-621Cesar, C.L.G., Barata, R.B., (2008) Editorial Rev Bras Epidemiol, 11 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 3-5Lavrakas, P.J., (1990) Telephone Survey Methods: Sampling, Selection and Supervision, , London: Sage PublicationsMonteiro, C.A., Moura, E.C., Jaime, P.C., Lucca, A., Florindo, A.A., Figueiredo, I.C.R., Monitoramento de fatores de risco para as doenças crônicas por entrevistas telefônicas (2005) Rev Saúde Pública, 39 (1), pp. 47-57Nelson, D.E., Powell-Griner, E., Town, M., Kovar, M.G., A comparison of national estimates from the National Health Interview Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2003) Am J Public Health, 93 (8), pp. 1335-1341Bernal, R., Silva, N.N., Cobertura de linhas telefônicas residenciais e vícios potenciais em estudos epidemiológicos (2009) Rev Saude Publica, 43 (3), pp. 421-426(2002) Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life, p. 2002. , The World Health Report, Geneva: World Health Organization(2007) Guia Metodológico De Avaliação E Definição De Indicadores: Doenças Não Transmissíveis E Rede Carmem, , Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Departamento de Análise de Situação de Saúde, Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeChrestani, M.A., Santos, I.S., Matijasevich, A.M., Hipertensão arterial sistêmica auto-referida: Validação diagnóstica em estudo de base populacional (2009) Cad Saúde Pública, 25 (11), pp. 2395-2406Barros, M.B.A., Inquéritos domiciliares de saúde: Potencialidades e desafios (2008) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 11 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 6-19Cesar, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Alves, M.C.G.P., Barros, M.B.A., Goldbaum, M., (2005) Saúde E Condição De Vida Em São Paulo: Inquérito Multicêntrico De Saúde No Estado De São Paulo -ISA-SP, p. 212. , São Paulo: USP/FSP(2006) Vigilância De Fatores De Risco E Proteção Para Doenças Crônicas Por Inquérito Telefônico: Estimativas Sobre Freqüência E Distribuição Sócio-demográfica De Fatores De Risco E Proteção Para Doenças Crônicas Nas Capitais Dos 26 Estados Brasileiros E No Distrito Federal Em 2006, p. 2007. , Ministério da Saúde. VIGITEL Brasil, Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeLwanga, S.K., Lemeshow, S., (1991) Sample Size Determination In Health Studies: A Practical Manual, , Geneva: World Health Organization(2008) Vigilância De Fatores De Risco E Proteção Para Doenças Crônicas Por Inquérito Telefônico, p. 2009. , Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Secretaria de Gestão Estratégia e Participativa. VIGITEL Brasil, Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeLee, S., Davis, W.W., Nguyen, H.A., McNeel, T.S., Brick, J.M., Flores-Cervantes, I., Examining Trends and Averages Using Combined Cross-sectional Survey Data From Multiple Years, , http://www.chis.ucla.edu/pdf/paper_trends_averages.pdf, CHIS Methodology Paper, 2007. [cited 2011 Jun 02]. Available fromKish, L., (1965) Survey Sampling, , New York: John Wiley and SonsFahimi, M., Link, M., Schwartz, D.A., Levy, P., Mokdad, A., Tracking chronic disease and risk behavior prevalence as survey participation declines: Statistics from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and other national surveys (2008) Prev Chronic Dis, 5 (3), pp. A80Cricelli, C., Mazzaglia, G., Samani, F., Marchi, M., Sabatini, A., Nardi, R., Prevalence estimates for chronic diseases in Italy: Exploring the differences between self-report and primary care databases (2003) J Public Health Med, 25 (3), pp. 254-257Okura, Y., Urban, L.H., Mahoney, D.W., Jacobsen, S.J., Rodeheffer, R.J., Agreement between self-reported questionnaires and medical record data was substantial for diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke but not for heart failure (2004) J Clin Epidemiol, 57 (10), pp. 1096-1103Barros, M.B.A., Cesar, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Torre, G.D., Desigualdades sociais na prevalência de doenças crônicas no Brasil, PNAD-2003 (2006) Ciênc Saúde Coletiva, 11 (4), pp. 911-926Molenaar, E.A., van Ameijden, E.J., Grobbee, D.E., Numans, M.E., Comparison of routine care self-reported and biomedical data on hipertension and diabetes: Results of the Utrecht Health Project (2007) Eur J Public Health, 17 (2), pp. 199-205Lima-Costa, M.F., Peixoto, S.V., Firmo, J.O.A., Uchoa, E., Validade do diabetes auto-referido e seus determinantes: Evidências do projeto Bambuí (2007) Rev Saúde Pública, 41 (6), pp. 947-953Vargas, C.M., Burt, V.L., Gllum, R.F., Pamuk, E.R., Validity of self-reported hypertension in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, 1988-1991 (1997) Prev Med, 26 (5), pp. 678-685Lima-Costa, M.F., Peixoto, S.V., Firmo, J.O.A., Validade da hipertensão arterial auto-referida e seus determinantes (projeto Bambuí) (2004) Rev Saúde Pública, 38 (5), pp. 637-642Frazão, P., Naveira, M., Prevalência de osteoporose: Uma revisão crítica (2006) Rev Bras Epidemiol, 9 (2), pp. 206-214Martini, L.A., Moura, E.C., Santos, L.C., Malta, D.C., Pinheiro, M.M., Prevalência de diagnóstico auto-referido de osteoporose, Brasil, 2006 (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43 (SUPPL. 2), pp. 107-116Hasselgren, M., Arne, M., Lindahl, A., Janson, S., Lundbäck, B., Estimated prevalences of respiratory symptoms, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related to detection rate in primary health care (2001) Scand J Prim Health Care, 19 (1), pp. 54-57Mullerova, H., Wedzicha, J., Soriano, J.B., Vestbo, J., Validation of a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease screening questionnaire for population surveys (2004) Respir Med, 98 (1), pp. 78-83Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, S.M., Giatti, L., Condições de saúde, capacidade funcional, uso de serviços de saúde e gastos com medicamentos da população idosa brasileira: Um estudo descritivo baseado na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (2003) Cad Saúde Pública, 19 (3), pp. 735-743Goldman, N., Lin, I.F., Weinstein, M., Lin, Y.H., Evaluating the quality of self-reports of hypertension and diabetes (2003) J Clin Epidemiol, 56 (2), pp. 148-15

Health services utilization to control arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the city of São Paulo

Descrever as prevalências do uso de serviços de saúde para controle da hipertensão arterial (HA) e do diabetes mellitus (DM) no município de São Paulo nos anos de 2003, 2008 e 2015 e analisar os fatores associados a esse uso no ano de 2015. Foram analisados dados de população adulta provenientes dos inquéritos de saúde no município de São Paulo em 2003, 2008 e 2015. Foram estimadas as prevalências e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% nos 3 anos para descrever as prevalências do uso de serviços de saúde para controle da HA e do DM. Para 2015, foram estimadas as prevalências para as mesmas variáveis segundo características sociodemográficas, geográficas e de saúde. Utilizou-se regressão logística multinomial para estimar modelos de análise para HA e DM. Observou-se aumento significativo no percentual de pessoas que referiram ir ao serviço de saúde de rotina por causa da HA e do DM no período 2003 a 2015. Em 2015, maior uso de serviços de saúde de rotina para controle da HA foi observado entre os idosos e as pessoas que referiram possuir plano de saúde. No caso do DM, houve associação entre o uso de serviços e baixa escolaridade. Ser idoso diminui o risco de não ir ao serviço de saúde para o controle da HA, enquanto ser do sexo masculino e não possuir plano de saúde aumentam esse risco significativamente. Identificar como os indivíduos com HA e DM utilizam os serviços de saúde para controle das doenças é de extrema relevância para reduzir barreiras no acesso e, ainda, orientar políticas de saúde no intuito de reduzir desigualdades22CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ140483/2016-0To describe the prevalence of health services utilization for control of arterial hypertension (AH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the city of São Paulo in 2003, 2008 and 2015 and to analyze associated factors to this utilization in 2015. Data regarding adults who participated in the Health Surveys conducted in the city of Sao Paulo, ISA-Capital 2003, 2008 and 2015, were analyzed. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals for the three years were estimated to describe the prevalence of the use of services to control HA and DM. For the year of 2015, prevalences of the same variables were estimated according to sociodemographic, geographic and health characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate AH and DM analysis models. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of people who reported routine health services utilization to control AH and DM in the period 2003–2015. For 2015, an increased routine health services utilization to control AH was observed among elderly and those who reported health insurance. For those who reported DM, an association between health services utilization and low schooling was found. Being elderly reduces the risk of not going to the health services to control AH, while being male and not having a health insurance increase this risk significantly. To identify how individuals with AH and DM use health services in way to control these diseases is very important to reduce access barriers and, yet, provide guidance in health policies to reduce disparitie

Health-related Behavior And Quality Of Life Among The Elderly: A Population-based Study

Objective: To assess the asociation between health-related behaviors and quality of life among the elderly. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out including 1,958 elderly living in four areas in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, 2001/2002. Quality of life was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study SF-36-Item Short Form Health Survey instrument. This instrument's eight subscales and two components were the dependent variables. Independent variables were physical activity, weekly frequency of alcohol consumption and smoking. Multiple linear regression models were used to control for the effect of gender, age, schooling, work, area of residence and number of chronic conditions. Results: Physical activity was positively associated with the eight SF-36 subscales. The stronger associations were found for role-physical (β=11.9), physical functioning (β=11.3) and physical component. Elderly individuals who consumed alcohol at least once a week showed a better quality of life than those did not consume alcohol. Compared to non-smokers, smokers had a poorer quality of life for the mental component (β=-2.4). Conclusions: The study results showed that physical activity, moderate alcohol consumption and no smoking are positively associated with a better quality of life in the elderly.453485493Acree, L.S., Longfors, J., Fjeldstad, A.S., Fjeldstad, C., Schank, B., Nickel, K.J., Physical activity is related to quality of life in older adults (2006) Health Qual Life Outcomes, 4, pp. 37-43. , DOI:10.1186/1477-7525-4-37Alves, M.C.G.P., Plano de Amostragem (2005) Saúde e condição de vida em São Paulo. Inquérito multicêntrico de saúde no Estado de São Paulo, pp. 47-62. , César CLG, Carandina L, Alves MCGP, Barros MBA, Goldbaum M. ISA-SP. São Paulo: Faculdade de Saúde Pública- USPBridevaux, I.P., Bradley, K.A., Bryson, C.L., McDonell, M.B., Fihn, S.D., Alcohol screening. Results in elderly male veterans: association with health status and mortality (2004) J Am Geriatr Soc, 52 (9), pp. 1510-1517. , DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52414.xByberg, L., Melhus, H., Gedeborg, R., Sundström, J., Ahlbom, A., Zethelius, B., Total mortality after changes in leisure time physical activity in 50 year old men: 35 year follow-up of population based cohort (2009) Br J Sports Med, 43 (7), pp. 482-490Carvalho, J.A.M., Garcia, R.A., O envelhecimento da população brasileira: um enfoque demográfico (2003) Cad Saude Publica, 19 (3), pp. 725-733. , DOI: 10.1590/S0102-311X2003000300005Cassidy, K., Kotynia-English, R., Acres, J., Flicker, L., Lautenschlager, N.T., Almeida, O.P., Association between lifestyle factors and mental health measures among community-dwelling older women (2004) Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 38 (11-12), pp. 940-947Cayuela, A., Rodríguez-Domínguez, S., Otero, R., Deterioro de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en fumadores varones sanos (2007) Arch Bronconeumol, 43 (2), pp. 59-63. , DOI:10. 1016/S1579-2129(07)60025-1Ciconelli, R.M., Ferraz, M.B., Santos, W., Meinão, I., Quaresma, M.R., Tradução para a língua portuguesa e validação do questionário genérico de avaliação de qualidade de vida SF-36 (Brasil SF-36) (1999) Rev Bras Reumatol, 39 (3), pp. 143-150Klatsky, A.L., Moderate drinking and reduced risk of heart disease (1999) Alcohol Res Health, 23 (1), pp. 15-23Laaksonen, M., Rahkonen, O., Martikainen, P., Karvonen, S., Lahelma, E., Smoking and SF-36 health functioning (2006) Prev Med, 42 (3), pp. 206-209. , DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.12.003Laforge, R.G., Rossi, J.S., Prochaska, J.O., Velicer, W.F., Levesque, D.A., McHorner, C.A., Stage of Regular Exercise and Health-Related Quality of Life (1999) Prev Med, 28 (4), pp. 349-360. , DOI:10.1006/pmed.1998.0429Lima, M.G., Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Goldbaum, M., Carandina, L., Ciconelli, R.M., Health related quality of life among the elderly: a population-based study using SF-36 survey (2009) Cad Saude Publica, 25 (10), pp. 2159-2167. , DOI:10.1590/S0102-311X2009001000007Lima, M.G., Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Impact of chronic disease on quality of life among the elderly in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: a population-based study (2009) Rev Panam Salud Publica, 25 (4), pp. 314-321. , DOI:10.1590/S1020-49892009000400005Masur, J., Monteiro, M.J., Validation of the "CAGE" alcoholism screening test in a Brazilian psychiatric inpatient hospital setting (1983) Braz J Med Biol Res, 16 (3), pp. 215-218Mitra, M., Chung, M., Wilber, N., Walker, D.K., Smoking status and quality of life. A longitudinal study among adults with disabilities (2004) Am J Prev Med, 27 (3), pp. 258-260. , DOI:10.1016/S0749-3797(04)00125-4Mulder, I., Tijhuis, M., Smit, H.A., Kromhout, D., Smoking Cessation and quality of life: the effect of amount of smoking and time since quitting (2001) Prev Med, 33 (6), pp. 653-660. , DOI:10.1006/pmed.2001.0941Peixoto, S.V., Firmo, J.O.A., Lima-Costa, M.F., Fatores associados ao índice de cessação do hábito de fumar em duas diferentes populações adultas (Projetos Bambuí e Belo Horizonte) (2007) Cad Saude Publica, 23 (6), pp. 1319-1328. , DOI:10.1590/S0102-311X2007000600007Pimenta, F.A.P., Simil, F.F., Tôrres, H.O.G., Amaral, C.F.S., Rezende, C.F., Coelho, T.O., Avaliação da qualidade de vida de aposentados com a utilização do questionário sf-36 (2008) Rev Assoc Med Bras, 54 (1), pp. 55-60Rodgers, B., Korten, A.E., Jorm, A.F., Christensen, H., Henderson, S., Jacomb, P.A., Risk factors for depression and anxiety in abstainers, moderate drinkers and heavy drinkers (2000) Addiction, 95 (12), pp. 1833-1845. , DOI:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2000.9512183312.xSaito, I., Okamura, T., Fukuhara, S., Tanaka, T., Suzukamo, Y., Okayama, A., A cross-sectional study of alcohol drinking and health-related quality of life among male workers in Japan (2005) J Occup Health, 47 (6), pp. 496-503. , DOI:10.1539/joh.47.496Santos, J.L.F., Lebrão, M.L., Duarte, Y.A.O., Lima, F.D., Functional performance of the elderly in instrumental activities of daily living: an analysis in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil (2008) Cad Saude Publica, 24 (4), pp. 879-886. , DOI:10.1590/S0102-311X2008000400019Stranberger, T.E., Stranberger, A.Y., Salomaa, V.V., Pitka, K., Tilvis, R.S., Miettnen, T.A., Alcoholic beverage preference, 29-year mortality, and quality of life in men in old age (2007) J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 62 (2), pp. 213-218Westmaas, J.L., Bandon, T.H., Reducing risk in smokers (2004) Curr Opin Pulm Med, 10 (4), pp. 284-288. , DOI:10.1097/01.mcp.0000128431.72268.4dWilson, D., Parsons, J., Wakefield, M., The health-related quality-of-life of never smokers, ex-smokers, and light, moderate, and heavy smokers (1999) Prev Med, 29 (3), pp. 139-144. , DOI:10.1006/pmed.1999.0523(2009) Global health risks: mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks, , World Health Organization, GenevaZaitune, M.P.A., Barros, M.B.A., César, C.L.G., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Fatores associados ao sedentarismo no lazer em idosos, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil (2007) Cad Saude Publica, 23 (6), pp. 1329-1338. , DOI:10.1590/S0102-311X200700060000

Health Survey In Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil (isacamp): Comparison Of Estimates According To Ownership Of A Residential Telephone Line [inquérito De Saúde No Município De Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil (isacamp): Comparação De Estimativas Segundo Posse De Linha Telefônica Residencial]

The study assesses differences in socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health-related characteristics among adults with and without residential telephone lines using data from a health survey in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, (2008-2009), through a population-based cross-sectional survey that included 2,637 adults (18 years and older). Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, prevalence, and 95% confidence intervals were used in the analysis. Estimates were also made of the bias associated with non-coverage of the population without telephones before and after adjusting for post-stratification. The impact of bias on the confidence intervals was assessed by the bias ratio. Some 76% of respondents owned residential telephone lines. Except for marital status, differences were observed in socio-demographic data according to ownership of residential telephones. After post-stratification adjustment, there was a decrease in bias estimates for variables associated with ownership of telephone lines. However, except for osteoporosis, post-stratification adjustment was insufficient to correct the non-coverage bias.271019511960Kasprzyk, D., Measurement error in household surveys: Sources and measurement (2005) Household Sample Surveys In Developing and Transition Countries, pp. 171-198. , In: Statistics Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, editors, New York: United Nations, Series F, 96Lepkowski, J., Non-observation error in household surveys in developing countries (2005) Household Sample Surveys In Developing and Transition Countries, pp. 149-169. , In: Statistics Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, editors, New York: United Nations, Series F, 96Lee, S., Davis, W.W., Nguyen, H.A., McNeel, T.S., Brick, J.M., Flores-Cervantes, I., Examining Trends and Averages Using Combined Cross-sectional Survey Data From Multiple Years (CHIS Methodology Paper), , http://www.chis.ucla.edu/pdf/paper_trends_averages.pdf, acessado em 02/Jun/2010Lima-Costa, M.F., Barreto, S.M., Giatti, L., Condições de saúde, capacidade funcional, uso de serviços de saúde e gastos com medicamentos da população idosa brasileira: Um estudo descritivo baseado na Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (2003) Cad Saúde Pública, 19, pp. 735-743Galán, I., Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., Tobias, A., Gandarillas, A., Zorrilla, B., Vigilancia de los factores de riesgo de las enfermedades no transmisibles mediante encuesta telefónica: Resultados de la Comunidad de Madrid en el período 1995-2003 (2005) Gac Sanit, 19, pp. 193-205Monteiro, C.A., Moura, E.C., Jaime, P.C., Lucca, A., Florindo, A.A., Figueiredo, I.C.R., Monitoramento de fatores de risco para as doenças crônicas por entrevistas telefônicas (2005) Rev Saúde Pública, 39, pp. 47-57Chiu, T.T.W., Leung, A.S.L., Neck pain in Hong Kong: A telephone survey on prevalence, consequences, and risk groups (2006) Spine, 31, pp. 540-544Bernards, S., Graham, K., Demers, A., Kairouz, S., Wells, S., Gender and the assessment of at-risk drinking: Evidence from the GENACIS Canada (2004-2005) telephone survey version of the AUDIT (2007) Drug Alcohol Depend, 88, pp. 282-290Marks, G.B., Abramson, M.J., Jenkins, C.R., Kenny, P., Mellis, C.M., Ruffin, R.E., Asthma management and outcomes in Australia: A nation-wide telephone interview survey (2007) Respirology, 12, pp. 212-219Fahimi, M., Link, M., Mokdad, A., Schwartz, D.A., Levy, P., Tracking chronic disease and risk behavior prevalence as survey participation declines: Statistics from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and other national surveys (2008) Prev Chronic Dis, 5, pp. A80Moura, E.C., Morais, N.O.L., Malta, D.C., Moura, L., Silva, N.N., Bernal, R., Vigilância de Fatores de Risco para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico nas capitais dos 26 estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal (2006) (2008) Rev Bras Epidemiol, (11 SUPPL 1), pp. 20-37Viacava, F., Souza-Junior, P.R.B., Moreira, R.S., Estimativas da cobertura de mamografia segundo inquéritos de saúde no Brasil (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, (43 SUPPL 2), pp. 117-125Barreto, S.M., Figueiredo, R.C., Doença crônica, auto- avaliação de saúde e comportamento de risco: Diferença de gênero (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, (43 SUPPL 2), pp. 38-47Francisco, P.M.S.B., Belon, A.P., Barros, M.B.A., Carandina, L., Alves, M.C.G.P., Goldbaum, M., Diabetes autoreferido em idosos: Prevalência, fatores associados e práticas de controle (2010) Cad Saúde Pública, 26, pp. 175-184Marcus, A.C., Crane, L.A., Telephone surveys in public health research (1986) Med Care, 24, pp. 97-112Lavrakas, P.J., (1990) Telephone Survey Methods: Sampling, Selection and Supervision, , London: Sage PublicationsNelson, D.E., Powell-Griner, E., Town, M., Kovar, M.G., A comparison of national estimates from the National Health Interview Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2003) Am J Public Health, 93, pp. 1335-1341Bernal, R., Silva, N.N., Cobertura de linhas telefônicas residenciais e vícios potenciais em estudos epidemiológicos (2009) Rev Saúde Pública, 43, pp. 421-426Kempf, A.M., Remington, P.L., New challenges for telephone survey research in the twenty-first century (2007) Annu Rev Public Health, 28, pp. 113-126Segri, N.J., Cesar, C.L.G., Barros, M.B.A., Alves, M.C.G.P., Carandina, L., Goldbaum, M., Inquérito de saúde: Comparação dos entrevistados segundo posse de linha telefônica residencial (2010) Rev Saúde Pública, 44, pp. 503-512Weeks, M.F., Kulka, R.A., Lessler, J.T., Whitmore, R.W., Personal versus telephone surveys for collecting household health data at the local level (1983) Am J Public Health, 73, pp. 1389-1394Ford, E.S., Characteristics of survey participants with and without a telephone: Findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1998) J Clin Epidemiol, 51, pp. 55-60Barbor, T.E., la Fuente, J.R., Saunders, J., Grant, M., (1992) AUDIT - the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: Guidelines For Use In Primary Health Care, , Geneva: World Health OrganizationKish, L., (1965) Survey Sampling, , New York: John WileyCochran, W.G., (1977) Sample Techniques, , New York: John Wills & SonsBernal, R., (2006) Linhas Telefônicas Residenciais: Usos Em Inquéritos Epidemiológicos No Brasil, , [Tese de Doutorado]. São Paulo: Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São PauloAnderson, J.E., Nelson, D.E., Wilson, R.W., Telephone coverage and measurement of health risk indicators: Data from the National Health Interview Survey (1998) Am J Public Health, 88, pp. 1392-1395(2006) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System - BRFSS: Operational and User's Guide, , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(2009) VIGITEL Brasil 2008. Vigilância De Fatores De Risco E Proteção Para Doenças Crônicas Por Inquérito Telefônico, , Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília: Ministério da SaúdeTechnical Documents and Survey Data. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System - BRFSS Weighting Formula, , http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/technical_infodata/weighting.htm, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, acessado em 31/Mai/201