Prediction of Depression Scores From Aerobic Fitness, Body Fatness, Physical Activity, and Vagal Indices in Non-exercising, Female Workers

[EN] Background: Depression is associated with a decreased cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical activity [PA] levels, higher rates of obesity, and dysfunction in autonomic control of heart rate [HR]. However, these parameters were mostly recorded with indirect methods. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the relationships between depression scores and objective measures of body fatness, autonomic indices (i.e. HRV and HRR), cardiorespiratory fitness and PA levels; and subsequently to present the best predictive models of depression scores for this population, based on these variables. Methods: Thirty-five non-exercising women (26–43 years; maximal oxygen consumption [VO2max] ∼ 17.4–38.3 mL/kg/min) volunteered for participation in this study. All participants responded to the Beck Depression Inventory [DBI] and were evaluated for body mass index [BMI], percentage of body fat, sum of skinfolds, and VO2max. Subsequently, over four consecutive days, an orthostatic test and a submaximal exercise on a cycle ergometer were performed to record HRV and HRR, respectively. In addition, incidental PA was recorded during 5 consecutive days using accelerometers. Results: depression scores were related to VO2max (r = −0.446, p = 0.007) and the sum of skinfolds (r = 0.434, p = 0.009). Several stepwise multiple linear regression models were performed and only VO2max was revealed as an independent predictor of the Beck scores (ß = −0.446, R² = 0.199, p = 0.007). Conclusion: The present study revealed that VO2max and the sum of skinfolds were moderately related to depression scores, while VO2max was the only independent predictor of depression scores in female workers

Prediction of Depression Scores From Aerobic Fitness, Body Fatness, Physical Activity, and Vagal Indices in Non-exercising, Female Workers

Background: Depression is associated with a decreased cardiorespiratory fitness, and physical activity [PA] levels, higher rates of obesity, and dysfunction in autonomic control of heart rate [HR]. However, these parameters were mostly recorded with indirect methods. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the relationships between depression scores and objective measures of body fatness, autonomic indices (i.e. HRV and HRR), cardiorespiratory fitness and PA levels; and subsequently to present the best predictive models of depression scores for this population, based on these variables.Methods: Thirty-five non-exercising women (26–43 years; maximal oxygen consumption [VO2max] ~ 17.4–38.3 mL/kg/min) volunteered for participation in this study. All participants responded to the Beck Depression Inventory [DBI] and were evaluated for body mass index [BMI], percentage of body fat, sum of skinfolds, and VO2max. Subsequently, over four consecutive days, an orthostatic test and a submaximal exercise on a cycle ergometer were performed to record HRV and HRR, respectively. In addition, incidental PA was recorded during 5 consecutive days using accelerometers.Results: depression scores were related to VO2max (r = −0.446, p = 0.007) and the sum of skinfolds (r = 0.434, p = 0.009). Several stepwise multiple linear regression models were performed and only VO2max was revealed as an independent predictor of the Beck scores (ß = −0.446, R2 = 0.199, p = 0.007).Conclusion: The present study revealed that VO2max and the sum of skinfolds were moderately related to depression scores, while VO2max was the only independent predictor of depression scores in female workers

KETAMINA NO MANEJO FARMACOLÓGICO AGUDO DA IDEAÇÃO SUICIDA

ABSTRACT Objective: Suicide ideation is the most often psychiatric emergency found in the emergency context. However, because of the complex interaction between their risk factors, patient discomfort in addressing the issue, clinical individuality of episodes and deficits in pharmacological interventions, there are few protocols that provide algorithms for the management of the entity. Although the efficacy of Ketamine in the management of depression has recently been demonstrated, little is known about its efficacy in managing suicidal ideation. In this review, were evaluated clinical trials that discussed the use of ketamine in the acute treatment of suicidal ideation associated or not with depressive disorders, in order to determine if the use of the drug is safe and effective in the management of this psychiatric emergency. Data sources: Searches were performed in PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, Bireme and Scopus databases with the MeSH terms "Ketamine" and "Suicide ideation". Data synthesis:  After selection of randomized clinical trials and exclusion of duplicates, 10 studies were included in this review.  Conclusions: Studies have shown that ketamine is a fast-acting drug and possibly sustained in suicidal ideation, as well as mild and self-limiting adverse effects. However, such results should be replicated in a larger number of patients, especially regarding the use of maintenance doses.Objetivo: A ideação suicida é a emergência psiquiátrica mais frequentemente encontrada no contexto emergencial. Entretanto, devido à complexa interação entre seus fatores de risco, desconforto do paciente em abordar a temática, individualidade clínica dos episódios e déficit de intervenções farmacológicas eficazes, são escassos os protocolos que forneçam algoritmos para o manejo da entidade. Apesar de recentemente ter sido demonstrada a eficácia do uso de Ketamina no manejo da depressão, pouco se sabe sobre sua eficácia no manejo da ideação suicida. Nesta revisão foram avaliados ensaios clínicos que versam sobre o uso da ketamina no tratamento agudo da ideação suicida associada ou não a transtornos depressivos, de forma a determinar se o uso do fármaco é seguro e eficaz no manejo dessa emergência psiquiátrica. Fontes de dados: Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, Bireme e Scopus com os termos MeSH “Ketamine” e “Suicide ideation”. Síntese dos dados: Após a seleção, sem limites temporais, de ensaios clínicos randomizados e exclusão das duplicatas, foram incluídos 10 estudos nesta revisão. Conclusões: Os trabalhos demonstraram que a Ketamina é um fármaco de ação rápida e possivelmente sustentada na ideação suicida, bem como de efeitos adversos leves e auto-limitados. Entretanto, tais resultados devem ser reproduzidos em um maior número de pacientes, principalmente no que diz respeito ao uso de doses de manutenção