Comparison of experimental susceptibility of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), turbot (Psetta maxima), Black Sea Trout (Salmo trutta labrax) and Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) to lactococcus garvieae

WOS: 000348289800022Lactococcus garvieae is a major fish pathogen leads to haemorragic septicemia in many fish species. Present study was designed to determine and compare differences in susceptibilities of some important fish species to L. garvieae. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Black Sea trout (Salmo trutta labrax; synonym, Salmo coruhensis), turbot (Psetta maxima), and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were kept at different temperature ranges (12-23 degrees C) for 30 days and challenged by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and immersion (imm) with L. garvieae (Lgper), isolated from rainbow trout and ATCC49156 strain. Bacteria were ranged between 1.7x10(5) - 2x10(6) colonies forming unit (cfu) fish(-1) in experiments. As a result of the experiments, Lgper strain had high virulence for rainbow trout, with 98% mortality when challenged by i.p. injection. Rainbow trout and Black Sea trout tested at the lower temperature (12 degrees C) were less susceptible (max. mortality 16%) to L. garvieae. These two fish species had similar susceptibilities to L. garvieae (P>0.05). There was no mortality or any clinical signs when turbot and sea bass were challenged with L. garvieae. the results of the study generate important source in controlling of possible lactococcosis outbreaks in aquaculture industry.Central Fisheries Research Institute (CFRI)This study was supported by the Central Fisheries Research Institute (CFRI). Experimental animals were conducted in accordance with national and institutional guidelines for the protection of animal welfare. We thank to Prof. Dr. Ilhan Altinok from Karadeniz Technical University for providing L. garvieae ATCC49156. We also thank Hakan Isidan, Esen Alp, Orhan Ak and Murat Dagtekin for their assistance. This article is a part of PhD thesis of Mustafa Ture

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels >2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p < 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Effects of antioxidants on mitomycin-c induced sister chromatid exchanges and micronuclei

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the effects of antioxidants on mitomycin C (MMC) induced sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and micronuclei (MN). Material and Methods: The action of vitamins C (10-4 M), E (10-6 M) and β-carotene (10-6 M) on the genotoxic activity of mitomycin C (10-7 M) was evaluated in cultured human lymphocytes of five donors with the help of SCE and MN frequencies. Results: It was found that SCE and MN levels were significantly increased by MMC. The presence of vitamins C, E and β-carotene caused a significant reduction in the numbers of SCE and MN induced by MMC when used separately, but no antioxidant effect of β-carotene was observed in MMC-induced MN frequency. On the other hand, in triple combinations of vitamins C, E and β-carotene and MMC. MMC-induced SCE and MN frequencies were reduced significantly (22.02% - 24.04% for SCEs and 31.91% - 57.55% for MN). Conclusion: These results indicated that the combinations of vitamins C, E and β-carotene can modify the DNA damaging effect of the carcinogens and act as biological antioxidants under in vitro conditions

A Study to Investigate Consume rs' Perception Towards The Gsm Operators in Local Markets

Teknoloji alanındaki gelişmelerin sonucunda mobil iletişim, diğer alanlara kıyasla oldukça hızlı gelişen sektör olmuştur. Sektörde faaliyet gösteren GSM operatör firmaları, abone sayılarını artırabilmek amacıyla ulusal ölçekte pazarlama faaliyetlerini sürdürürken, yerel düzeyde bir takım ayrıntıları fark edememe riskiyle karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Operatör değiştirme eğiliminin yüksek olduğu sektörde, müşterileri bu değişime sürükleyen etkenlerin bilinmesi ve bu doğrultuda pazarlama faaliyetlerinin planlanması önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmanın temel hedefi yerel düzeyde tüketicilerin, operatör firmaları algılamalarını tespit etmek ve firmaların bu konuda ihtiyaç duyduğu bilgiyi sağlayabilmektir. Veri analizi neticesinde tüketicilerin operatör işletmeyi, çekim kalitesi, memnuniyet, bağlılık ve adalet algısı olmak üzere dört farklı boyutta değerlendirdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu boyutlara göre iller arasında ve tüketicilerin yaşı ile eğitim seviyesine göre operatör firmaları algılamalarında farklılıklarının olduğu belirlenmiştirAs a result of advances in the field of technology, mobile communication sector has been growing very fast compared to other areas. Enterprises which are operating in the sector, are faced with the risk of inability to recognize a set of details at the local level, while continuing its marketing activities on a national scale in order to increase the number of subscribers. In sector there is high tendency to change operator, and so it is important to know the factors that led customers to this change and planning marketing activities in this direction. The main objective of this study is determining the the perception of enterprises by the consumers at the local level and providing the information that enterprises need on this issue. After data analysis it was determined that consumers are evaluating operator enterprises in four different dimensions: the quality of gravity, satisfaction,                                                                                                                            öğr.  Gör.  Dr.,  Ahi  Evran  üniversitesi,  Kaman  MYO,  [email protected]  2  Yrd.  Doç.  Dr.,  Karabük  üniversitesi,  İşletme  Fakültesi,  [email protected]  3  öğr.  Gör.,  Ahi  Evran  üniversitesi,  MYO,  [email protected]  loyalty and sense of justice. According to these dimensions and also by the level of education and age of the consumers it is determined that there are differences in perception of enterprises among the province