Investigation of the relationship between HMGB1 and obesity in the adrenal gland

Aim: The interaction between obesity and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines results the existence of inflammation HMGB1 secreted from the adrenal gland can play a role in inflammation pathways. The aim of this study is to explain the link between HMGB1 and obesity in the adrenal gland. Material and Methods: In this study; eighteen female Wistar Albino rats were divided into two groups: untreated control group (n=8) and obese group (n=10). The rats in obese group were fed with high fat diet for ten weeks. Morphometric parameters of adrenal gland were assessed by using stereological techniques. The expression of high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) in adrenal gland was evaluated. Results: At the end of the analyses; mean volumes of zona fasciculate, zona reticularis, and medulla were significantly increased in obese group. Also, the number of HMGB1 stained cells was significantly increased in the obese group in comparison to control group. Conclusion: The results suggest that obesity may be one of the reasons of inflammation and hypertrophy in the adrenal gland. HMGB1 may provide a novel perspective into the anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies in obese patients

Effects of spermine and the passive avoidance learning (PAL) following cerebral ischemia in chicks: Association with neuroprotection of pyramidal cells

WOS: 000427664300005PubMed ID: 29126816The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of spermine and the passive avoidance learning on hippocampus following transient cerebral ischemia in the chicks. The study is composed of the pure control (CG), sham (SG) and experimental groups (n = 20). Experimental groups (ischemia group, IG and ischemia-spermine group, ISG) were exposed to ischemia for 20 min whereas the SG was exposed to sham operation and CG group was not exposed to any operation. Passive avoidance learning (PAL) was applied to the half number of the subjects in each group. Both before and after 7 days from the ischemia, operated animals were taken to PAL and then they were sacrificed. Total numbers of neurons in the hippocampus were stereologically estimated using Cresyl violet stained sections. We detected that number of neurons was increased following PAL and especially spermine treatment. According to our results, we suggested that spermine may reduce the deleterious effects of the ischemia by causing to increase in the neuronal number and so, it may be slightly supportive to the PAL.Ondokuz Mayis University [PYO. TIP. 1901.09.015]The Animal Ethics Committee of Yuzuncu Yil University approved the protocol and appropriate measures were taken to minimize pain or discomfort of the animals by our study group. The experimental part of this study and stereological examination was performed at Ondokuz Mayis University, Department of Histology and Embryology. This study was supported by Ondokuz Mayis University, (PYO. TIP. 1901.09.015)