Strategic Information System: A source of Competitive Advantage

This literature review highlights the importance of Strategic information system (SIS) in business strategies. Strategic information system helps organizations to develop their generic strategies in order to attain competitive advantages. On the other side, Literature review focus on the business model and the role of strategic information system and highlights the role of information technology in the competitiveness of business model and the role of information technology in business process re-engineering. This literature also highlighted the importance of information technology in the development of Virtual organization. Keywords: Strategic information system, Information Technology, Business Process Re-engineering, Virtual Corporation, DE

Effect of NPK, organic manure and their combination on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of chilli (Capsicum Annum L.)

A field experiment was conducted at the research area of department of horticulture, Institute of tropical agriculture and forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China, during the winter season 2016-2017. The research was arranged in randomized complete block design with nine treatments of organic manures in combination with NPK fertilizers having three replications. The highest yield was recorded with T9 treatment (N: P: K 100:50:50+FYM@8 ton per hectare). Plant height at harvesting, number of branches plant-1, number of fruits plant-1, fruit width, fruit length and fruit weight increased significantly with T9 treatment (N: P: K 100:50:50+FYM@8 ton per hectare). Similarly application of NPK100%+FYM@8 ton per hectare increased oleoresin yield and ascorbic acid content. Application of FYM@8 ton per hectare in combination with NPK100% increased the uptake of nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, S, and Fe) as compared to control. Similar results were also found in other organic manures along with inorganic fertilizer. The highest net return (Rs. 30183 per hectare) was achieved with the application of NPK100%+FYM@8 ton per hectare followed by NPK100%+ PM@6 ton per hectare, NPK100%+VC@10 ton per hectare and NPK100%+C@7 ton per hectar

Nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes of 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole: synthesis and structural characterization

2-(2-Pyridyl)benzimidazole (PBI) was synthesized by solvent-free aldol condensation and complexed with nickel(II) and copper(II) nitrate and perchlorate salts by simple reactions at room temperature. The transition metal complexes [Ni(PBI)2NO3](NO3) (1), [Ni(PBI)3](ClO4)2·1.5H2O (2), [Cu(PBI)2NO3](NO3) (3), and [Cu(PBI)3](ClO4)2·3H2O (4) (PBI=2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole) were synthesized in good yield and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Complexes 1 and 3 are isostructural, crystallizing in the same space group P21/c. Both the nickel(II) and copper(II) atoms have distorted square pyramidal geometries. The metal centers in these complexes are coordinated by two molecules of the bidentate ligand (PBI) and an O-atom of the coordinated nitrate anion. Complexes 2 and 4 are also isostructural but do not crystallize in the same space group: P-1 for 2 and Pccn for 4. The geometry around both the nickel(II) and the copper(II) centers is distorted octahedral. Here, the metal atoms are coordinated by three molecules of 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole. The copper(II) complex 4 has 2-fold symmetry with one of the three PBI ligands being positionally disordered about the 2-fold axis. Intermolecular N-H···O hydrogen bonds, involving the NH H-atom and an O-atom of the coordinated nitrate anion, are observed in all four complexes. In 1 and 3, this gives rise to the formation of centrosymmetric dimer-like structures that are decorated by hydrogen-bonded nitrate anions. In 2 and 4 the perchlorate anions and the water molecules of crystallization are involved in N-H···O and O-H···O hydrogen bonds bridging two symmetry-related cations, thus forming cyclic arrangements. In the case of complex 4, this leads to the formation of two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded networks parallel to plane (011

Impact evaluation of structural adjustment program: a case of Pakistan

We analyzed the effect of Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) on macroeconomic variables of Pakistan using annual time series data for the years 1981-2001. The impact of four policy instruments of SAP, i.e. reduction in budget deficit, increase in indirect taxes,adjusting the exchange rate and sliding down of subsidies, on employment, income distribution, per-capita income and inflation has been analyzed. It is found that the first policy instrument, i.e. decrease in budget deficit has affected employment, income distribution and inflation adversely. The second policy instrument of imposition of indirect tax negatively affected the employment, income distribution, per capita income and positively affected the inflation. The third policy instrument of SAP was adjustment of exchange rate. It is estimated that adjusting exchange rate has resulted into increased unemployment and inflation. The fourth policy instrument of shrink in subsidies augmented the unemployment, unequal distribution of income and inflation and dwindled the percapita income. It appears that SAP has adversely affected the major socioeconomic variables of the economy. Currently the government is considering for loan from IMF, so it is proposed to avoid such type of policy directives from IMF.Structural Adjustment Program, Budget deficit, Indirect taxes, Exchange rate, Subsidies, Employment, Income distribution, Per-capita income, Inflation,Pakistan

Elastic collision rates of spin-polarized fermions in two dimensions

We study the $p$-wave elastic collision rates in a two-dimensional spin-polarized ultracold Fermi gas in the presence of a $p$-wave Feshbach resonance. We derive the analytical relation of the elastic collision rate coefficient in the close vicinity of resonance when the effective range is dominant. The elastic collision rate is enhanced by an exponential scaling of $e^{-q_{r}^{2} / q_{T}^{2}}$ towards the resonance. Here, $q_{r}$ is the resonant momentum and $q_T$ is the thermal momentum. An analogous expression is derived for the case of three dimensions successfully explains the thermalization rates measurement in the recent experiment~[Phys. Rev. A 88, 012710 (2013)]. In the zero-range limit where the effective range is negligible, the elastic collision rate coefficient is proportional to temperature $T^2$ and scattering area $A_{p}^2$. In this limit, energy transfer from high to low velocity through $p$-wave collision is approximately $\sqrt{2}$ times faster compared to the three-dimensional case. We also discuss the collisional stability in the presence of three-body losses in the background scattering limit. Our results suggest that $p$-wave evaporation may be performed with improved efficiency and may provide insight into the dynamics of the system in experiments.Comment: Four Figures, 8 page

Analysis of Ellis Fluid in Wire Coating

The focus of the present work is concerned with the study of wire coating analysis using Ellis fluid. Using the binomial series method, closed form solution is obtained and further in the closed form of solution, we discussed a special case for the parameter , and obtained the expressions for axial velocity, shear stress, average velocity, volume flow rate and temperature distribution. Thickness of the coated wire and force on the total wire are also calculated. The effect of different parameters of interest on the variation of the velocity profile, volume flow rate, shear stress, radius of coated wire and force on the total wire are discussed and presented graphically

Investigation of Cloud Scheduling Algorithms for Resource Utilization Using CloudSim

Compute Cloud comprises a distributed set of High-Performance Computing (HPC) machines to stipulate on-demand computing services to remote users over the internet. Clouds are capable enough to provide an optimal solution to address the ever-increasing computation and storage demands of large scientific HPC applications. To attain good computing performances, mapping of Cloud jobs to the compute resources is a very crucial process. Currently we can say that several efficient Cloud scheduling heuristics are available, however, selecting an appropriate scheduler for the given environment (i.e., jobs and machines heterogeneity) and scheduling objectives (such as minimized makespan, higher throughput, increased resource utilization, load balanced mapping, etc.) is still a difficult task. In this paper, we consider ten important scheduling heuristics (i.e., opportunistic load balancing algorithm, proactive simulation-based scheduling and load balancing, proactive simulation-based scheduling and enhanced load balancing, minimum completion time, Min-Min, load balance improved Min-Min, Max-Min, resource-aware scheduling algorithm, task-aware scheduling algorithm, and Sufferage) to perform an extensive empirical study to insight the scheduling mechanisms and the attainment of the major scheduling objectives. This study assumes that the Cloud job pool consists of a collection of independent and compute-intensive tasks that are statically scheduled to minimize the total execution time of a workload. The experiments are performed using two synthetic and one benchmark GoCJ workloads on a renowned Cloud simulator CloudSim. This empirical study presents a detailed analysis and insights into the circumstances requiring a load balanced scheduling mechanism to improve overall execution performance in terms of makespan, throughput, and resource utilization. The outcomes have revealed that the Sufferage and task-aware scheduling algorithm produce minimum makespan for the Cloud jobs. However, these two scheduling heuristics are not efficient enough to exploit the full computing capabilities of Cloud virtual machines

Median Regression Analysis of Gender-wise Income Gap in Punjab, Pakistan

This paper primarily examines the impact of gender on the monthly income of the working class in Punjab, Pakistan. The relevant data have been obtained from Pakistan Labour Force Survey (2008-9). A special case of quantile regression i.e. the median regression is used for the desired investigation. In addition to gender, the other covariates are marital status, area of residence, level of education, job type and status etc. As in many other regions and countries, the male workers in Punjab tend to have higher average income and the income tend to increase with increase in level of education. The workers with permanent jobs earn more as compared to temporary job holders

Readability Analysis of Text in English Textbooks of Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education for Higher Secondary Level

This study mainly focuses on the readability of the text of the HSSC-II textbook. Considering the importance of textbook evaluation, the study evaluated the English textbook of HSSC-II, which is taught at all the colleges affiliated with the Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (FBISE). Selected texts from the book have been analyzed so as to determine their readability. The texts were analyzed through an online text evaluation tool, the Text Readability Consensus Calculator (TRCC), which determines the grade level, text readability level, and age of the reader as well as the appropriation of the text. The readability scores of the text yielded by the TRCC were compared with the students\u27 results of the comprehension test. This comparison reveals that the original text is "fairly difficult to read" for 13–15-year-old native readers among 8th and 9th grade students, while the evaluator rates the simplified text as "fairly easy to read" for native readers among 12–14-year-old 7th and 8th grade students. While the results of the comprehension test for non-native readers show that the text is extremely difficult, non-native 12th graders with an average age of 17 could only get 39% in the original text and 47.6% in the simplified text. The research concludes with some suggestions for the text designer to consider various features for making text readability compatible with the grade level of the students

Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Dengue Fever in Nishtar Medical University Hospital Multan, Pakistan

Introduction: Dengue fever is a common vector borne disease caused by dengue virus. In developing tropical countries, it is considered as one of the major public health problems. Consequently, this disease is highly associated with increased morbidity, mortality and economic burden to poorly resourced health system of less privileged countries. Aim and objectives: The current work is intended to assess the incidence, signs, symptoms, and epidemiological characteristics of cases of Dengue fever presenting in Nishtar Medical University Hospital Multan Pakistan. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: Department of Infectious Diseases, Nishtar Medical University Hospital Multan Pakistan. The time span of study was from January 01, 2016 to December 31, 2017. Method: The present work was a prospective cross –sectional study conducted in our centre.  A total 876 fever cases, fulfilling WHO criteria for dengue suspicion were included as target population of the study. For each individual case, detailed history and thorough physical examination was performed. In addition to routine baseline investigations, the disease-specific investigations such as rapid immuno chromatographic card test were also performed to confirm the diagnosis. A specifically predesigned proforma was used to collect socio- demographic profile, signs and symptoms of serologically diagnosed cases. The data were analyzed by using computer program SPSS 21. Results: The results of our study exposed that out of 576 suspected cases, 254 patients were serologically positive for Dengue fever. The highest number of cases (110 cases) was reported in the 3rd week of September. Maximum number of dengue cases reported were males belonging to 31-40 years age group from urban area. Fever was the main complaint in all the cases followed by vomiting, headache, and abdominal pain. Conclusion: Dengue is one of the major public health problems in developing countries like India. A large number of cases are reported in the monsoon and post-monsoon period in the month of September and October. Measures can be taken both at personal and government level to reduce morbidity and mortality from dengue. Keywords: Dengue, Epidemiology, Fever, Signs, Symptom