The Role of Tourism in Reducing the Rate of Unemployment in Touristic Professional Institutions in Jordan (From the point of view of workers in the tourism sector)

The study focuses on unemployment and its concern at the local and international levels,one should look at the causes and factors that lead our societies towards the accumulation of youth without work and the waste of energies, especially as young people are the source of the strength of society and the measure of its growth, progress and prosperity. The study aims to draw conclusions that help to identify and understand tourism and its role in reducing the unemployment rate. The study found that there is a statistically significant impact of touristic education in reducing the unemployment rate, except that there are not enough training institutes in tourism education to qualify graduates to work in the touristic professional organizations. There is a statistically significant impact of the nature of work in touristic professional organizations in reducing the unemployment rate, although the wages of employees are not commensurate with the nature of their work and their productivity, and there is a statistically significant impact of the proficiency of languages and its importance to work in tourism sector in reducing the unemployment rate. The study recommended that there is a need to provide specialized institutes in tourism education to qualify more graduates from youth category to work in touristic professional organizations to reduce the unemployment rate and to improve the wages of employees to be commensurate with the nature of their work and their productivity in touristic professional organizations. Moreover it is recommended to motivate the employees by providing a range of job incentives so that the country's citizens will be able to work in touristic professions. Keyword: Tourism, Unemployment, Touristic, worker

Citizens and Their Vision to Invest in Tourism in Jordan

The main objective of this study is to examine citizens' perceptions of tourism investment in Jordan, because of its diversity of tourism to achieve the objectives of economic and social development of tourism investment in Jordan.The study reached a number of results, the most important of which is that there are statistically significant differences between the achievement of profits and the impact on tourism investment in Jordan. There are statistically significant differences between the governmental procedures and the impact on tourism investment in Jordan. Jordan.The study recommended a number of recommendations, the most important of which are the establishment of specialized advisory centers in the field of supporting and encouraging tourism investment, establishing business incubators for tourism projects, stimulating the private sector to invest in tourism projects, and encouraging investment in tourism through the provision of easy and long Keywords: Citizens, investment, tourism, governmental

Global shocks and their impact on Nigeria: Lessons from global Financial crisis.

Developed a-five variable VAR model of the Nigeria economy for period 1970 – 2010, the study tested the general wisdom, ―Global financial crisis does not impact on Nigeria economy‖. Data were mainly sourced from both the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and the publication of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Philips-Perron (PP) tests were used in testing the null hypothesis that there is a unit root in the time series of interest. The variables considered were (1) log of GDP (2) log of FDI (3) log of REM (4) EXR and (5) CPI. Impulse-response functions were employed to examine the recovery from shocks makes full use of the within-country variation. We introduced the constant term and two lagged values of each variable in each equation and found that the impact of financial crisis on Nigeria was possible through financial links, trade links, remittances and other capital flows.This implies that the common believe about the Nigeria economy that global shocks through financial crisis does not have any impact is not quite accurate, for initially the global shocks made unstable the Nigerian economy through the macroeconomic variables understudied although after the initial instability resulting from the global shocks, the Nigeria economy then dependent less on fluctuations in the global economic crisis. We on that premise opined that the crisis presented an opportunity for Nigeria to unbalance the Nigeria economy by concentrate on leading sectors like power, education, agriculture so that the development of these sector can bring about a locomotive growth and results in balanced sector in the long run

Towards Sustainable Documentation of Geographical Names of Touristic and Heritage Sites in Occupied Jerusalem Using Geographical Information System (GIS)

Geographical Information System (GIS) is an important tool in documenting and managing archaeological and heritage sites in the city of Jerusalem in order to benefit from its high capabilities in monitoring, documentation, analysis, presentation and other capabilities required by the documentation of archaeological and heritage sites in Jerusalem with their Arabic names, which deal with large amounts of spatial and descriptive data, also to maximize the use of spatial data collected on archaeological and heritage sites in Jerusalem, and the conversion of geographical databases electronically, which allows more than one user or management access to data and modifying it simultaneously, which saves a lot of time, effort and cost in medium to long term, giving later a wide horizon for disseminating data and designing practical applications, and contributing to the electronic and comprehensive documentation processes of archaeological and heritage sites in the city of Jerusalem in a sustainable manner. The study has concluded that it is important to adopt modern technology systems in documenting Arabic names of heritage sites in order to preserve these names for future generations and to resist the Judaization and preservation of these names over time. Moreover, this study recommended to adopt the proposed documentation system and to expand the processes of building electronic databases to Jerusalem and other Palestinian cities in order to sustainably protect it based on scientific foundations that contribute in providing the electronic database. Keywords: Geographic Information System (GIS), Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS), Logical Model, Physical Model, (RS) Remote Sensing), occupied Jerusalem.

The reality of the changing process of accounting policies in Jordanian touristic companies

This study aimed at recognizing the reality of the changing process of accounting polices in Jordanian touristic companies, the factories affecting it, the parties who takes part in taking the decision of changing, and if the decision is realistic and objective. This study is an explorative-analytical one, the researcher analysis 83 forms of the study sample.The main result was that the rules and regulations has no role in stopping changing the accounting policies. Administrations and different departments don't participate in changing the accounting policies, and the new administration makes the change only because it wants to. These companies make these changing to win borrowers, and there is a clear shortage in the foundation of the relative importance and lack of understanding qualitative characteristic for the information which leads to the changing of the accounting policies. The study strongly recommended organizing the process of the changing accounting polices in Jordanian touristic companies. Make the administrations and different departments in the foundation participate in the process of the changing accounting polices. And make use of the experience and capabilities of the outer parts specially offices of consultancy and auditing. And Jordanian touristic companies should equip it self with the clear foundation about the relative importance and try to understand the qualitative characteristic of information. All this with enough coordination with different administration in other Jordanian touristic companies when there is a change in the accounting polices. Key Words: tourism sector, accounting polices, touristic companies

Availability of target cost ingredients method in the Jordanian tour companies

The study aimed to reveal the extent of applying the target cost method in the tourism companies. A questionnaire was used for collecting primary data. The most important conclusions reached after analyzing the data were that these companies recognize the needs of agents, but it fails recognize the tourist ability to pay, and not being able to identify the wishes of tourists from a tourist product. It shows that it analysis the market efficiently, but does not conduct continuous studies to see the possibility of having a new competitor, and study and follow-up factors affecting the tourism sector. It also shows that they work with team spirit. And carry out procedures for continuous improvement to reduce costs, but it does not study the ways to manage costs in competitors companies, nor bother to identify the causes of the appropriate cost. The study recommended tourism companies to identify the ability of tourist to pay for tourist products they provide, and to continuously identify the tourist products tourist’s wishes for. And to conduct continuous studies to see the possibility of having a new competitor, and study and  follow-up factors affecting the tourism sector and to develop working relationships in various sections, and notified the staff of the  importance of their role in the decision making to reduce cost. And to study ways to manage costs in competitors companies, and identify the causes of the appropriate cost

Environmental accounting as perspective for hotels of Aqaba special economic zone authority (ASEZA)

This study aims at pointing out and explaining the major factors that can help in implementing environmental accounting in the hotels of Aqaba Special Economic Zone, the study population is going to be the classified and rated hotels of the Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority, which is 33 hotels in total. This study will basically focus on two tools for gathering the data and information required for achieving the objectives of the study, the financial reports published by the investment department of Aqaba and the questionnaire. The study shows that the hotels in Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority face difficulties and obstacles in the implementation of environmental accounting because of factors related to legislation, level of awareness about environmental accounting, factors related to the hotels and the qualification of human resource

DIMENSIONS OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICE IN THE JORDANIAN TOURISM COMPANIES AND THEIR RELATIONS TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

The present study aimed to reveal the reality of the dimensions of quality of service in the Jordanian tourism companies and their relationship to customer satisfaction. Preliminary data have been collected from customers through questionnaire has been designed for this purpose, after analyzing the data, the study found a positive relationship between reliability, safety, credibility and tangibility and customers satisfaction among Jordanian tourism companies. While there was no relationship between the responsiveness and eligibility and between customer satisfaction in tourism companies The study recommended that the tourism companies have to continue and concern of all the components of service quality and to enhance it in order to get the satisfaction of employees. The Jordanian tourism companies have to concern over the responsiveness and eligibility regard the respond to the customer needs, and the administration of the company should take care of the customers’ complaints and queries. The employees should shorten some of the actions in order to speed customer service. Signboards should be available at the time of provision of services, and provide a sufficient number of staff who provides service to customers. The companies should raise the efficiency of the staff, raise their deductive ability to perform their roles, provide them with the knowledge to their work, to provide staff with adequate information about the service provided, and the company should pay attention that the staff provides the services with highly skilled

An examination of teacher collaboration in professional learning communities and collaborative teaching practices

The present study aims to examine the influence of teacher collaboration within professional learning communities (PLCs) and collaborative teaching practices on both the professional growth and academic achievement of students. The study employed a mixed-methods research design that  incorporated both qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. This research comprises both survey responses and interview transcripts obtained from K-12 educators who are currently engaged in Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) or collaborative teaching methodologies. The findings of this study have the potential to enhance the existing literature on teacher collaboration and furnish educators, policymakers, and researchers with valuable perspectives to steer optimal strategies for promoting effective teacher collaboration in Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) and collaborative teaching approaches. The objective of the research is to investigate the influence of teacher collaboration within Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) and collaborative teaching practices on the development of professional skills and academic achievements of students. The results of this study underscore the importance of recognizing the advantageous effects that collaborative teaching methodologies can have on the academic achievements of students. This necessitates the provision of adequate time for collaborative activities, encouraging supportive leadership within educational institutions, and allocating sufficient resources for collaboration

Modeling a Practical Dual-Fuel Gas Turbine Power Generation System Using Dynamic Neural Network and Deep Learning

Accurate simulations of gas turbines’ dynamic performance are essential for improvements in their practical performance and advancements in sustainable energy production. This paper presents models with extremely accurate simulations for a real dual-fuel gas turbine using two state-of-the-art techniques of neural networks: the dynamic neural network and deep neural network. The dynamic neural network has been realized via a nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) artificial neural network (ANN), and the deep neural network has been based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). The outputs selected for simulations are: the output power, the exhausted temperature and the turbine speed or system frequency, whereas the inputs are the natural gas (NG) control valve, the pilot gas control valve and the compressor variables. The data-sets have been prepared in three essential formats for the training and validation of the networks: normalized data, standardized data and SI units’ data. Rigorous effort has been carried out for wide-range trials regarding tweaking the network structures and hyper-parameters, which leads to highly satisfactory results for both models (overall, the minimum recorded MSE in the training of the MISO NARX was 6.2626 × 10−9 and the maximum MSE that was recorded for the MISO CNN was 2.9210 × 10−4, for more than 15 h of GT operation). The results have shown a comparable satisfactory performance for both dynamic NARX ANN and the CNN with a slight superiority of NARX. It can be newly argued that the dynamic ANN is better than the deep learning ANN for the time-based performance simulation of gas turbines (GTs)