Economical and Reliable Expansion Alternative of Composite Power System under Restructuring

The paper intends to select the most economical and reliable expansion alternative of a composite power system to meet the expected future load growth. In order to reduce time computational quantity, a heuristic algorithm is adopted for composite power system reliability evaluation is proposed. The proposed algorithm is based on Monte-Carlo simulation method. The reliability indices are estimated for system base case and for the case of adding peaking generation units. The least cost reserve margin for the addition of five 20MW generating units sequentially is determined. Using the proposed algorithm an increment comparison approach used to illustrate the effect of the added units on the interruption and on the annual net gain costs. A flow chart introduced to explain the basic methodology to have an adequate assessment of a power system using Monte Carlo Simulation. The IEEE RTS (24-bus, 38-line) and The Jordanian Electrical Power System (46-bus and 92-line) were examined to illustrate how to make decisions in power system planning and expansions

Brain Computer Interfaces: The Future of Communication Between the Brain and the External World

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of research on Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) and their potential applications. The objective of this study was to gather information from various sources, including journal articles, conference papers, and books, to analyze the advancements and limitations of BCIs. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar, with specific keywords related to BCIs and their applications. The selected studies were thoroughly analyzed to identify common themes, methodologies, and key findings. The main contributions of this review include an overview of different types of BCIs, their applications in fields such as medicine, entertainment, and education, and the challenges and limitations faced by BCI technology. The findings highlight the potential of BCIs in restoring motor function, improving the quality of life for individuals with various conditions, and enhancing human-technology interaction. Furthermore, the review identifies future research directions, including signal processing improvements, exploring hybrid and multimodal approaches, conducting long-term real-world studies, addressing ethical considerations, and prioritizing user-centred design. This comprehensive analysis of existing literature provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field of BCIs and sets the stage for future advancements in this rapidly evolving domain

Design and implementation of a three dimensions (3D) printer for modeling and pre-manufacturing applications

The three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies represent a revolution in the manufacturing sector due to their unique characteristics. These printers arecapable to increase the productivitywithlower complexity in addition tothe reduction inmaterial waste as well the overall design cost prior large scalemanufacturing.However, the applications of 3D printing technologies for the manufacture of functional components or devices remain an almost unexplored field due to their high complexity. In this paper the development of 3D printing technologies for the manufacture of functional parts and devices for different applications is presented. The use of 3D printing technologies in these applicationsis widelyused in modelingdevices usually involves expensive materials such as ceramics or compounds. The recent advances in the implementation of 3D printing with the use of environmental friendly materialsin addition to the advantages ofhighperformance and flexibility. The design and implementation of relatively low-cost and efficient 3D printer is presented. The developed prototype was successfully operated with satisfactory operated as shown from the printed samples shown