Coumarins from the roots of Cleme Viscosa (L.) antimicrobial and cytotoxic studies

AbstractTwo coumarins, 7-geranyloxycoumarin (auraptene) and 6′-hydroxy-β-cycloauraptene were isolated from the roots of Cleme viscosa (Capparidaceae). The second compound has never been reported previously from this plant. The isolation process involved extraction with various solvents and separation using column chromatography techniques. The structure of the compounds was assigned on the basis of spectroscopic data Such as IR, UV, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY, HMQC, HMBC, DEPT and MS. However, bioactivity screening showed that the pure isolated compounds possessed no activity on two species of bacteria Bacillus cereus NRRLUI-1447 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa UI-60690 and four species of fungi (Aspergillus ochraceus NRRL 398, Candida lipolytica ATCC 2075, Sacchromyces cereviseae NRRL 2034 and Sacchromyces lipolytica). The cytotoxic test of the compounds against CEM-SS (T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia) cells were also carried out with IC50 values of 14 and 18μg/ml,respectively

Therapeutic efficacy of geranium-thymol combination against murine eimeriosis with reference to its apoptotic activity

Eimeria is among the most harmful parasites that affect domestic animals. The development resistance in Eimeria to the majority of regularly used anticoccidials necessitates development of an effective alternative strategy. This study was therefore aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of essential oils combination, Pelargonium graveolens (geranium) with thymol (PGT) against Eimeria papillata murine model. Three doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg were tested in Eimeria experimentally infected mice to determine the combination's highest effective dose. The results showed that the 150 mg/kg dose was the most effective, reducing the oocyst output by 56.92 % (P ≤ 0.001). This result has been associated with a 66.19 % (P ≤ 0.001) reduction in the jejunal developmental stages. The antioxidant effect of PGT decreased lipid peroxidation (P ≤ 0.05) and increasing reduced glutathione (GSH) (P ≤ 0.001). Moreover, PGT decreased the jejunum's apoptotic cell count (P ≤ 0.001). The in vitro results showed that PGT significantly inhibited oocysts sporulation and destructed 96.33 % of treated oocysts. In conclusion, PGT has therapeutic effect as an anticoccidial alternative to control murine eimeriosis