Efecto de la temperatura sobre diferentes mieles multiflorales del estado de hidalgo en su actividad antibacteriana

Se determinó el efecto de la temperatura en la actividad antibacteriana de cinco mieles multiflorales del Estado de Hidalgo. Se recolectaron mieles de Acaxochitlan (AC), Arenal (AR), Huehuetla (HU), Orizatlan (OR) y Tasquillo (TA). Las determinaciones se realizaron por medio de bioensayos en los cuales se tenía una concentración inicial de 106 - 107 UFC/mL de las bacterias patógenas (Salmonella sp., B. subtillis, P. aeroginosa, L. monocytogenes) determinando la eliminación por el método de un vertido en placa. Todas las mieles fueron sometidas a diferentes temperaturas (40, 50, 60, 70 y 80 oC). Se observaron diferencias significativas (P<0.05) en el comportamiento de las diferentes mieles con respecto a la temperatura. En Salmonella sp se encontró un efecto lineal en todas las mieles, al incrementar la temperatura va descendiendo su actividad antibacteriana. Para B. subtillis y P. areroginosa el comportamiento de las mieles AR, TA y HU fue de forma lineal, mientras las mieles de OR y AC su comportamiento fue cuadrático en donde a los 60°C se encuentra la mayor actividad antibacteriana. En cuanto a L. monocytogenes las mieles AC, AR, HU y OR se comportaron de forma cuadrática, pero en la miel de TA se obtuvo un efecto lineal. Los resultados revelaron que las mieles se comportan de una manera diferente (lineal o cuadrática) al ser sometidas a diferente temperatura y dependiendo de la bacteria patógena que estén eliminando

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

The global retinoblastoma outcome study : a prospective, cluster-based analysis of 4064 patients from 149 countries

DATA SHARING : The study data will become available online once all analyses are complete.BACKGROUND : Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular cancer worldwide. There is some evidence to suggest that major differences exist in treatment outcomes for children with retinoblastoma from different regions, but these differences have not been assessed on a global scale. We aimed to report 3-year outcomes for children with retinoblastoma globally and to investigate factors associated with survival. METHODS : We did a prospective cluster-based analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed between Jan 1, 2017, and Dec 31, 2017, then treated and followed up for 3 years. Patients were recruited from 260 specialised treatment centres worldwide. Data were obtained from participating centres on primary and additional treatments, duration of follow-up, metastasis, eye globe salvage, and survival outcome. We analysed time to death and time to enucleation with Cox regression models. FINDINGS : The cohort included 4064 children from 149 countries. The median age at diagnosis was 23·2 months (IQR 11·0–36·5). Extraocular tumour spread (cT4 of the cTNMH classification) at diagnosis was reported in five (0·8%) of 636 children from high-income countries, 55 (5·4%) of 1027 children from upper-middle-income countries, 342 (19·7%) of 1738 children from lower-middle-income countries, and 196 (42·9%) of 457 children from low-income countries. Enucleation surgery was available for all children and intravenous chemotherapy was available for 4014 (98·8%) of 4064 children. The 3-year survival rate was 99·5% (95% CI 98·8–100·0) for children from high-income countries, 91·2% (89·5–93·0) for children from upper-middle-income countries, 80·3% (78·3–82·3) for children from lower-middle-income countries, and 57·3% (52·1-63·0) for children from low-income countries. On analysis, independent factors for worse survival were residence in low-income countries compared to high-income countries (hazard ratio 16·67; 95% CI 4·76–50·00), cT4 advanced tumour compared to cT1 (8·98; 4·44–18·18), and older age at diagnosis in children up to 3 years (1·38 per year; 1·23–1·56). For children aged 3–7 years, the mortality risk decreased slightly (p=0·0104 for the change in slope). INTERPRETATION : This study, estimated to include approximately half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017, shows profound inequity in survival of children depending on the national income level of their country of residence. In high-income countries, death from retinoblastoma is rare, whereas in low-income countries estimated 3-year survival is just over 50%. Although essential treatments are available in nearly all countries, early diagnosis and treatment in low-income countries are key to improving survival outcomes.The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust and the Wellcome Trust.https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/homeam2023Paediatrics and Child Healt

Caracterización de frutos de caimito ( Chrysophyllum cainito L.) en el estado de Veracruz, México

Star apple ( Chrysophyllum cainito L.) belongs to sapotáceas family where there are many trees and shrubs widely distributed in the tropics of both hemispheres. The star apple fruit has an exquisite taste and it is usually consumed as fresh fruit, has well-priced addition to the export market, with features that make it one of the tropical fruits with great potential for exploitation. In this study creole materials of star apple were evaluated. The fruits were collected in Zapotal Zaragoza and Juana Moza Ejidos of the Municipality of Tuxpan, Veracruz. They were transferred to Plant Physiology Laboratory of the Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agronómicas of Universidad Veracruzana. Ten fruits per tree were collected in 200 trees. Fruit, peel and pulp weight, seed number, seed weight was determined in each fruit. It is considered that the wide variation in these traits makes possible to search for materials with a higher proportion of pulp to increase its potential use as fresh or processed fruit.El caimito ( Chrysophyllum cainito L.) pertenece a la familia de las Sapotáceas donde abundan árboles y arbustos distribuidos ampliamente en los trópicos de ambos hemisferios. El fruto del caimito es de un sabor exquisito y se consume habitualmente como fruta fresca, cotizándose en el mercado de exportación, con características que lo hacen ser uno de los frutales tropicales con grandes posibilidades de explotación. En el presente trabajo se evaluaron materiales criollos de caimito, los cuales fueron colectados en los Ejidos Zapotal Zaragoza y Juana Moza del Municipio de Tuxpan Veracruz, se trasladaron al laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal en la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Agropecuarias de la Universidad Veracruzana. Se colectaron 10 frutos por árbol en 20 árboles. En cada fruto se determinó peso del fruto, peso de cáscara, peso de pulpa, número de semillas por fruto, peso de semilla. Se considera que la gran variación en estos caracteres hace posible la búsqueda de materiales con mayor proporción de pulpa, para incrementar su uso potencial como fruta fresca o procesada

Nutritional Characterization of the Functional and Antioxidant Activity of Cactus Flowers from Hidalgo, Mexico

Flowers have traditionally been used in the production of various dishes to improve the sensory aspects of food. In this study, the nutritional and functional composition of cactus flowers was evaluated for their possible use in the food industry. The objective of this research was also to identify the main secondary metabolites of flowers by HPLC/ESI/MS analyses. The findings indicated that the most abundant components of the flowers were carbohydrates, followed by ash and proteins. The highest antioxidant capacity, assessed by DPPH• and ABTS•+ assays, was observed in Echinocereus cinerascens, with values of 255.08 and 392.65 µM Trolox equivalents (TE)/g, respectively. These values were also correlated with a high content of phenolic compounds. Forty-four secondary metabolites were detected in total, of which the most predominant corresponded to compounds such as quercetin and isorhamnetin, as well as their derivatives, protocatechuic acid and apigenin. This study indicates that Cactaceae flowers could be a source of nutrients; in addition, the diversity of compounds and their good antioxidant properties suggest that they should be considered as new sources of natural antioxidant compounds in the elaboration of functional products

Physicochemical variability and nutritional and functional characteristics of xoconostles (

Introduction. The genus Opuntia generally produces fruits with abundant pulp and sweet taste, but also acidic fruits known as xoconostles, which may have a high potential for use and consumption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical, nutritional and functional characteristics of 10 xoconostle genotypes produced in Mexico. Materials and methods. The xoconostle genotypes were collected from Hidalgo, Zacatecas and State of Mexico in Mexico. The pH, soluble solids, and titratable acidity, as well as the proximate composition and content of total phenolic compounds, betalains and antioxidant capacity (Trolox) were determined. Results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures and the Tukey test at a significance level of 0.05. Results and discussion. It was observed a high variability in weight (44.5–84.3 g FW), soluble solids (4.2–6.12 °Brix), titratable acidity (0.10–0.19 g 100 g-1 FW), and pH (2.74–3.54) among the 10 genotypes of Opuntia spp. studied. The protein content varied from 0.60 to 0.87 g 100 g-1 FW. Xoconostle genotypes with high calcium content of 1.008 mg 100 g-1 FW were identified. Some xoconostle genotypes can be a good source of pigments due to their high content of betacyanins (0.76–5.06 mg 100 g-1 FW) and vulgaxanthins (1.83–4.76 mg 100 g-1 FW). The antioxidant capacity of some xoconostle genotypes was higher than that of other common fruits. Conclusion. The xoconostle genotypes evaluated have a potential to be exploited as a suitable source of pigments and antioxidant compounds

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P &lt; 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)