Attitude to migration of Syrian student-athletes

Рукопись поступила в редакцию: 19.02.2023. Принята к публикации: 18.03.2023.Received: 19.02.2023. Accepted: 18.03.2023.Проблема спортивной миграции рассматривается как новое направление междисцилинарных исследований. Цель исследования заключалась в изучении отношения сирийских студентов-спортсменов к миграции в сфере спорта. Исследование проводилось среди студентов бакалавриата 1-4 курса по направлению «Физическая культура» Университета Тишрин, Латтакия, Сирия. Всего в исследовании приняло участие 34 студента, которые занимаются разными видами спорта. В качестве метода использовалась авторская анкета. Результаты, проведенного исследования выявили, что сирийские студенты спортсмены достаточно информированы о миграции спортсменов, поскольку все имеют знакомых спортсменов-мигрантов. Получены данные относительно того, какие мотивы миграции в спорте они считают наиболее значимыми, выявлено мнение студентов о трудностях миграции и стратегиях необходимых для их преодоления. Данные могут быть актуальны для специалистов занимающихся проблемой миграции в спорте.The problem of sports migration is considered as a new direction of interdisciplinary research. The purpose of the study was to study the attitudes of Syrian student athletes towards migration in the field of sports. The study was conducted among undergraduate students of 1-4 years in the faculty of “Physical culture” Tishrin University, Lattakia, Syria. A total of 34 students took part in the study. involved in different sports. The author’s questionnaire was used as a method. The results of the study revealed that Syrian student athletes are quite informed about the migration of athletes, since everyone knows migrant athletes. Data have been obtained regarding which motives for migration in sports they consider the most significant, the opinion of students about the difficulties of migration and the strategies necessary to overcome them. The data may be relevant for specialists dealing with the problem of migration in sports

Studying the Problem of Migration in Sports

В статье представлены теоретические подходы к изучению миграции в спорте и результаты исследования отношения сирийских студентов-спортсменов к проблеме миграции. Были получены данные о мотивах миграции спортсменов, представления студентов о трудностях адаптации в чужой культуре, и о возможных стратегиях преодоления трудностей. Выводы могут иметь отношение к специалистам, имеющим дело со спортсменами-мигрантами.The article presents theoretical approaches to the study of migration in sports and the results of a study of the attitude of Syrian student-athletes to the problem of migration. Data were obtained on the motives of athletes' migration, students' perceptions of the difficulties of adaptation in a foreign culture, and possible strategies for overcoming difficulties. The findings may be relevant to specialists dealing with migrant athletes

A Look at the Problem of Intercultural Communication from the Position of Russian Student-Athletes

Рукопись поступила в редакцию: 05.11.2023. Принята к публикации: 21.12.2023.Received: 05.11.2023. Accepted: 21.12.2023.Цель исследования заключалась в изучении отношения студентов-спортсменов к межкультурной коммуникации. В исследовании приняли участие 22 российских студента Института физической культуры, спорта и молодежной политики. Для проведения исследования была разработана авторская анкета, включающая вопросы которые раскрывают особенности взаимодействия российских и иностранных студентов. Результаты исследования показали, что российские студенты-спортсмены положительно относятся к общению с иностранными студентами. В то же время межкультурное общение достаточно ограничено в силу наличия ряда причин, таких как «языковой барьер», необходимость выстраивания эффективного взаимодействия на фоне непонимания собеседника, отсутствие эмоционального комфорта в процессе общения, а так же недостаточное количество организованных вне учебных мероприятий с иностранными студентами. Студенты высказали свое предпочтение по организации мероприятий, которые могли бы способствовать развитию межкультурной коммуникации, среди которых должны быть обязательно спортивные мероприятия. Дальнейшие исследования могут быть связаны с разработкой программы по развитию межкультурной коммуникации студентов института физической культуры.The aim of the study was to know student-athletes’ attitudes toward intercultural communication. 22 Russian students from the Institute of Physical Culture, Sports and Youth Policy took part in the study. To conduct the study, a questionnaire was developed by the author, including questions that reveal the features of interaction between Russian and foreign students. The results of the study showed that Russian student-athletes have a positive attitude towards communication with foreign students. At the same time, intercultural communication is quite limited due to a number of reasons, such as the «language barrier», the need to build effective interaction against the background of misunderstanding of the interlocutor, lack of emotional comfort in the communication process, as well as an insufficient number of organized extracurricular activities with foreign students. Students expressed their preference for organizing events that could contribute to the development of intercultural communication, which should necessarily include sports events. Further research may be related to the development of a program for the development of intercultural communication among students at the Institute of Physical Education

The influence of the relationship between the coach and the athlete on the level of motivation of the athlete’s achievements

Рукопись поступила в редакцию: 19.02.2022.Received: 19.02.2022.Цель исследования заключалась в изучении влияния взаимоотношений между тренером и спортсменом на уровень мотивации достижения спортсмена. Выборка состояла из 64 спортсменов (девушек и юношей) в возрасте от 13 до 18 лет, занимающихся в Сирийской спортивной федерации в Латакии по таким видам спорта как легкая атлетика, футбол, настольный теннис, теннисом, бокс и гимнастика. В качестве методологии использовался описательный подход из-за его релевантности характеру исследования, для оценки отношений в системе «тренер–спортсмен» использовалась авторская анкета, для оценки мотивации достижения методика (Abdel Karim и Barakat, 2007). Данные анализировались с помощью статистических методов: средние арифметические, стандартные отклонения, коэффициент корреляции Пирсона. Результаты исследования выявили, что существуют достоверные связи между взаимоотношениями в системе «тренер–спортсмен» с уровнем мотивации достижения спортсмена.The purpose of the study was to study the influence of the relationship between a coach and an athlete on the level of motivation of an athlete’s achievement. The sample consisted of 64 athletes (girls and boys) aged 13 to 18 years, engaged in the Syrian Sports Federation in Latakia in such sports as athletics, football, table tennis, tennis, boxing and gymnastics. A descriptive approach was used as a methodology due to its relevance to the nature of the study, an author’s questionnaire was used to assess the relationship in the coach-athlete system, and a methodology was used to assess the motivation for achievement (Abdel Karim and Barakat, 2007). The data were analyzed using statistical methods: arithmetic averages, standard deviations, Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of the study revealed that there are reliable links between the relationship in the “coach-athlete” system with the level of motivation of an athlete’s achievement

SGR: an online genomic resource for the woodland strawberry

Fragaria vesca, a diploid strawberry species commonly known as the alpine or woodland strawberry, is a versatile experimental plant system and an emerging model for the Rosaceae family. An ancestral F. vesca genome contributed to the genome of the octoploid dessert strawberry (F. ×ananassa), and the extant genome exhibits synteny with other commercially important members of the Rosaceae family such as apple and peach. To provide a molecular description of floral organ and fruit development at the resolution of specific tissues and cell types, RNAs from flowers and early developmental stage fruit tissues of the inbred F. vesca line YW5AF7 were extracted and the resulting cDNA libraries sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq2000. To enable easy access as well as mining of this two-dimensional (stage and tissue) transcriptome dataset, a web-based database, the Strawberry Genomic Resource (SGR), was developed. SGR is a web accessible database that contains sample description, sample statistics, gene annotation, and gene expression analysis. This information can be accessed publicly from a web-based interface at http://bioinformatics.towson.edu/strawberry/Default.aspx . The SGR website provides user friendly search and browse capabilities for all the data stored in the database. Users are able to search for genes using a gene ID or description or obtain differentially expressed genes by entering different comparison parameters. Search results can be downloaded in a tabular format compatible with Microsoft excel application. Aligned reads to individual genes and exon/intron structures are displayed using the genome browser, facilitating gene re-annotation by individual users. The SGR database was developed to facilitate dissemination and data mining of extensive floral and fruit transcriptome data in the woodland strawberry. It enables users to mine the data in different ways to study different pathways or biological processes during reproductive development.https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-13-22

Analysis of Gene expression in soybean (Glycine max) roots in response to the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita using microarrays and KEGG pathways

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Root-knot nematodes are sedentary endoparasites that can infect more than 3000 plant species. Root-knot nematodes cause an estimated $100 billion annual loss worldwide. For successful establishment of the root-knot nematode in its host plant, it causes dramatic morphological and physiological changes in plant cells. The expression of some plant genes is altered by the nematode as it establishes its feeding site.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We examined the expression of soybean (<it>Glycine max</it>) genes in galls formed in roots by the root-knot nematode, <it>Meloidogyne incognita</it>, 12 days and 10 weeks after infection to understand the effects of infection of roots by <it>M. incognita</it>. Gene expression was monitored using the Affymetrix Soybean GeneChip containing 37,500 <it>G. max </it>probe sets. Gene expression patterns were integrated with biochemical pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes using PAICE software. Genes encoding enzymes involved in carbohydrate and cell wall metabolism, cell cycle control and plant defense were altered.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>A number of different soybean genes were identified that were differentially expressed which provided insights into the interaction between <it>M. incognita </it>and soybean and into the formation and maintenance of giant cells. Some of these genes may be candidates for broadening plants resistance to root-knot nematode through over-expression or silencing and require further examination.</p

Data analysis of polygalacturonase inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) from agriculturally important proteomes

The plant cell wall structure can be altered by pathogen-secreted polygalacturonases (PGs) that cleave the α-(1→4) linkages occurring between D-galacturonic acid residues in homogalacturonan. The activity of the PGs leads to cell wall maceration, facilitating infection. Plant PG inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) impede pathogen PGs, impairing infection and leading to the ability of the plant to resist infection. Analyses show the Glycine max PGIP11 (GmPGIP11) is expressed within a root cell that is parasitized by the pathogenic nematode Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), but while undergoing a defence response that leads to its demise. Transgenic experiments show GmPGIP11 overexpression leads to a successful defence response, while the overexpression of a related G. max PGIP, GmPGIP1 does not, indicating a level of specificity. The analyses presented here have identified PGIPs from 51 additional studied proteomes, many of agricultural importance. The analyses include the computational identification of signal peptides and their cleavage sites, O-, and N-glycosylation. Artificial intelligence analyses determine the location where the processed protein localize. The identified PGIPs are presented as a tool base from which functional transgenics can be performed to determine whether they may have a role in plant-pathogen interactions

Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)-regulated genes with predicted signal peptides function in the Glycine max defense response to the root pathogenic nematode Heterodera glycines.

Glycine max has 32 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nine of them exhibiting defense functions (defense MAPKs) to the plant parasitic nematode Heterodera glycines. RNA seq analyses of transgenic G. max lines overexpressing (OE) each defense MAPK has led to the identification of 309 genes that are increased in their relative transcript abundance by all 9 defense MAPKs. Here, 71 of those genes are shown to also have measurable amounts of transcript in H. glycines-induced nurse cells (syncytia) produced in the root that are undergoing a defense response. The 71 genes have been grouped into 7 types, based on their expression profile. Among the 71 genes are 8 putatively-secreted proteins that include a galactose mutarotase-like protein, pollen Ole e 1 allergen and extensin protein, endomembrane protein 70 protein, O-glycosyl hydrolase 17 protein, glycosyl hydrolase 32 protein, FASCICLIN-like arabinogalactan protein 17 precursor, secreted peroxidase and a pathogenesis-related thaumatin protein. Functional transgenic analyses of all 8 of these candidate defense genes that employ their overexpression and RNA interference (RNAi) demonstrate they have a role in defense. Overexpression experiments that increase the relative transcript abundance of the candidate defense gene reduces the ability that the plant parasitic nematode Heterodera glycines has in completing its life cycle while, in contrast, RNAi of these genes leads to an increase in parasitism. The results provide a genomic analysis of the importance of MAPK signaling in relation to the secretion apparatus during the defense process defense in the G. max-H. glycines pathosystem and identify additional targets for future studies